Pre-slednytsky project “Phraseologisms: known and unknown. Project “The role of phraseological units in our language” Topics of initial projects on the topic of phraseological units
Enter
I. Theoretical foundations
1.1. Understanding about phraseological units
1.2. Variation of phraseological units
1.3. Signs of phraseological units
1.4. Phraseologisms in other languages
II. The practical part
2.1.Results of the study of student questionnaires
2.2.Results of the investigation of reader questionnaires
2.3.Creation of a phraseological dictionary
Visnovok
List of references
(project from the Russian language "The revolutionary world of phraseological units»
Enter
You can hang on flowers
Towel and cane,
A lamp, a raincoat and a hat.
And a motorcycle, and a gancherka...
Ale no and nowhere
Don't hang your nose at the bid!
Yu. Korynets
As you can see throughout the history of the language, they contain a wealth of information to the people, which is passed on from generation to generation.
Russian language is one of the richest languages in the world, which has a lot of doubt. In order to achieve greater understanding, to express your thoughts more clearly and figuratively, people use their own phraseology in their promo. Phraseologisms in Russian language are often used in everyday speech. Sometimes people don’t notice what they expect from the smell – the stench is so strong and tame. The use of phraseological units gives the promotion a zest and barvise.
Unfortunately, the language of today's children is disappointing because of the paucity of vocabulary; it often lacks phraseological units. When people and phraseological units interact, they help to clearly express the idea and give promotional imagery. And sometimes it becomes more difficult to spilt, so not always and not all wisely.
I assumed that the significance of these winged expressions was connected with their adventures. Having learned about the similarities and meanings of various phraseological units, I can discover unknown sides of the history of language.
I'm not interested in this topic. I wanted to learn more about such persistent concepts, their meaning, similarity, and the appearance of phraseological units in Russian language. I wanted to follow the phraseology and try to understand how often stinks appear in language, what stinks mean.
On the way out, I got food: “ Do all the boys know what phraseology is? What are the phraseological units that are used most often? Do the boys of the class know the meaning of phraseological units?
I became bored and decided to take up the search for food, so I chose the theme of my last project: “The extraordinary world of phraseological units.”
Relevance by those It is reasoned by the fact that in everyday life, based on phraseological units, many people do not mention this. You won’t be able to correctly understand the language’s phraseologies if you don’t know their meaning.
Meta of my work: Compile your phraseological dictionary from the pictures.
Object of investigation: sleep and materials of the fifth-graders’ questionnaire.
Subject of investigation: phraseological units.
To achieve the indicated mark, you need to complete the following tasks:
- search for necessary information about phraseological units;
- get acquainted with phraseological dictionaries of Russian language;
- follow the phraseological units that are common in our language;
- conduct an analysis and discover the meaning of the most commonly used phraseological units;
- carry out training in the use of correct and rational phraseological units.
Hypothesis: I admit that they embellish our language with phraseologies and embarrass it with vivacity and sparkle.
Investigation methods:
- research and analysis of literature;
- collection of information;
- questionnaire - questionnaire;
- caution;
- Vivchennya.
Project type: pre-slednytsky, short-line.
Reversing the hypothesis: Having collected information about phraseological units, carried out research and precautions, I created a “Phraseological Dictionary in Pictures”. In my opinion, this material helps to learn not only the Russian language, but also the history, traditions of the Russian and other peoples.
I. Main part
1.1. What is phraseology?
Once upon a time there lived in the master 2 details and a haircut, which were cured at the same time. Once upon a time, a roboticist took and welded it into one new part, like the letter F.
Fig.1. Scheme for teaching phraseology Fig.2. Tuck it into your belt
This is how it is in life. Words-details live and live, they are used alongside them, but, if the need arises, the words become angry at the bottom - phraseological units. There are words to plug, behind, belt, and phraseology tuck it into your belt (easily push into it). In phraseological units, words lose their enormous meaning.
Russian language is already rich in various and figurative persistent synonyms. Such persistent understandings are called phraseological units. The word “phraseology” is similar to two words of Greek language: “phrase” - expression, “logos” - understanding, understanding. Phraseologism is a constant combination of words, which is used to name nearby objects, signs, actions. Ozhegov’s dictionary gives the following meaning: “Phraseology is a steel expression with independent meanings.”
The lexical meaning of the phraseological unit is zagalom, for example: biti baidiki - “ledaryuvati”; distant lands - “far”. As a result of words and phrases, phraseological units are not immediately formed anew, but appear in a ready-made form. Phraseologism zagalom one member of the proposition.
Phraseologisms characterize all aspects of people’s lives - they are put to practice, for example, golden hands, beat the kayaks, placed before other people, for example, inseparable friend, servant, special advantages and shortcomings, for example, don't lose your head, lead by the way ta in.
There is a stench in everyday life, in artistic creations, in journalism. The stench imparts vividness and serves as a means of creating imagery.
Phraseologisms have synonyms and antonyms – other phraseological units; for example, synonyms: at the end of the world; where the crows go without bringing brushes; antonyms: bring it to the skies - trample it into the bagnyuk.
There is a branch of linguistic knowledge, dedication to the development of the phraseological structure of language - phraseology.
1.2. Variation of phraseological units
Most of the phraseological units came from folk language: to cheat one’s soul, to give one’s hand, to go to the Duma...
From different professions: process under the gor_kh(carpenter), make some porridge(cook), as if by hand he knew(doctor)...
A lot of phraseological units were born in fiction, biblical accounts, mythology and later came into language. For example: manna from heaven, mavpa pratsya. They are called either.
Phraseologisms can be understood throughout the entire history of language. Already from the end of the 18th century, stench was explained in special collections and dictionaries under various names (krylati virazi, adverbs and orders). M. U. Lomonosov, putting together a plan for the dictionary of Russian literary language, pointed out that “phrases”, “ideomatisms”, “words”, etc. may be introduced before the new era.
The Russian phraseological system has recently been updated.
Phraseological turns appeared in different ways:
1. Phraseological turns created from the arrangement of adjectives and orders ( Hunger is not my aunt, my hand is shaking my hand.)
2. Phraseologisms that have come down to our professional life. ( Biti kayaks, sharpen lasi.)
3. Acts of Virazis came from myths ( Achilles' heel), folklore ( A tale about a white whip- Russian folk Kazka), literary works ( Mavpina working- from the tales of I.A. Krilov “Mavpa and eyepieces”).
Phraseologisms can be richly meaningful. For example, put on your feet:
1. cure, relieve illness;
2. to virostify, to vibrate, to bring to independence;
3. engage actively in action, take part in something - chi;
4. value economically, financially.
Phraseologisms fall into different groups, which characterize a person, their actions, their character, their psychological state.
Characterize people’s actions on the basis of their mutual relations and interactions with their core, the team:
1. Walk, stand on your hind legs- “to please, to serve”;
2. Cut one's head (to someone)- “bark a lot. Give someone a shout out."
Characterizing the manner of mop-spinning:
1. Sharpen lasi, balasi- “get busy with an empty canopy”;
2. Twirl, twirl the ox- “Speak, you fools.”
Characterizing a person’s relationship to work:
1. Roll up your sleeves- diligently, diligently, energetically, laboriously.
2. Biti kayaks- spend an hour empty, ledarity.
Characterize the mental state of a person, which manifests itself in his manner of behavior:
1. Puff up your lips- angry, angry, timid, dissatisfied and denounced.
2. Yak shaking an aspen leaf- tremble, scream out of praise, fear.
All phraseological units are initially used to designate specific concepts, phenomena, and facts. For various reasons, they began to get used figuratively to identify other, or perhaps similar, manifestations to the primary meaning. This gives phraseological units a special imagery and vibrancy.
Most phraseological units originate from the depths of the century and reflect a deeply national character. The direct sense of the rich phraseological units is connected with the history of our Fatherland, with various names of our ancestors, their work. All phraseological units can be mentally divided into two groups: 1. original Russian;
2. deposited.
The main mass of coexistence with the hour of phraseological turns is becoming a steadfast adherence to the ancient Russian tradition ( beat the kayaks, search for the wind in the field, don’t dissolve the water). The stinks have appeared in the Russian language or in decline from the old language. Russian phraseological units are diverse in their ways. Most of them were published in the Russian language itself, the stench is quite Russian: Why did your mother give birth to you, naked like a sokil, grated roll, hang your nose, on one block, take it alive and a lot of others. in.
The image is popularized as a mirror of real action. In order to reveal the obvious action of our guilt in the visible image, first of all, hide on the knowledge of this action, in other words, give in to reality. The image of the “underground cistern” is being created.
So we look at the tall man in front of us, and in reality, but at some point we can still predict the burning of the tower, which used to be the most treasured place in the area. Having eaten these two “barrels” we call them high people fire tower, and this is the same image. For a better understanding of the imagery of phraseological units, it is necessary to develop awareness.
From time to time, Russian phraseological units can be associated with my professional language: pull the gimp (weaving), unbreakable work, without a knot, without tearing (carpentry on the right), set the tone, play the violin (musical mystique), put it in a blind corner, back up (transport).
Some traditionally Russian phraseological units have become part of dialectical and slang language and have become part of the foreign language. For example, let's move the yoke, don't grab the robot, pull the strap ta in.
Russian phraseological units can also be used as positive phrases. This type of stench is the result of re-interpretation on the Russian soil of words from Old Slavonic and other languages.
These phraseological units have come to us from other languages.
Old Slavonic phraseologies such as: friend came- “an hour that is unknown when it comes” fences plіd- “Please add more, but it is allowed.”
A lot of phraseological units have come to us through the slaughter of mythology. The stench is international, and the stench is widespread in all European languages: sword of damocles- “It’s a problem that constantly threatens anyone”; flour tantalum- “suffering, crying out to the sights of bad luck and the knowledge of the impossibility of reaching”, apple rose– “reason, reason for welding, superhole, serious discrepancies”, sink into oblivion- “if we forget, we will disappear into obscurity,” ear of clay on feet of clay- “something that looks grander, but is essentially weak, easily collapses” and so on.
In the middle of the phraseological units, phraseological tracings are traced, then. literal translations of the impact in parts. For example, blue panchokha – blue stocking from English, on a grand scale – auf grobem Fub– from German, be not at your plate – ne pas être dans son assiette From French language.
The system of phraseological units of the Russian language has been found unchanged more than once. New phraseological units inevitably appear in response to the phenomena of everyday life, and are positioned as origins from other languages. I become rich in current thoughts with new, relevant ideas.
Contemporarily Russian phraseological turns can be divided into several groups, the skin group may cause problems, and the history of the journey:
Phraseologisms associated with the historical past of the people, for example, de crayfish spend the winter- many landowners loved to eat fresh crayfish, and in winter it was important to catch them: crayfish crawl under the cramps, dig holes in the banks of lakes and rivers and spend the winter there.
Villagers were forced to catch crayfish because they were guilty of removing crayfish from the water. A lot of time has passed, the villagers need to catch crayfish.
Old clothes are colder, your hands get cold. And often after this man was seriously ill. It went wrong: if you want to punish seriously, say: “I’ll show you how the crabs hibernate.”
Imagery that popular speakers believe, for example, run onto the road- Previously, in small places in Russia, people would call for a visit. Tall candles were placed on the windows. If a candle (vognik) is burning on the window, it means that the rulers of the house are asking everyone who wants to honor them. And according to the sign, people went to visit people they knew.
The strong origin of words that came from various crafts, for example, a teaspoon for a year- From the very beginning, this philosophy was used in the promotion of doctors literally from time to time. Then they began to disrespectfully get used to the informal promotional process with the meaning of “work as well as possible, ice-ice.”
A variety of phraseological units are associated with folk and literary fairy tales and tales I. A. Krilova and other works. In our industry, we often paint carved letters, written letters, and poets. ( I didn’t notice the elephant- without losing respect to the most important, and the screenshot just crooked- The easiest way out would have seemed like a steep camp, princess and the pea- The people are rotted).
Such virazis are called krylatim. The stench of the sky flew beyond the boundaries of the works, which had their origins in the creation, and advanced to the literary language, deriving from it a broader, more localized meaning.
In order to correctly use phraseological units in the language, you need to have a good knowledge of their meanings. The significance of certain phraseological units can be understood only if you know the history of the Russian people, their origins and traditions, since most phraseological units are contemporaneously Russian. Considering this topic, we learned a lot about the past, the history of the Russian people.
1.3. Signs of phraseological units.
Phraseologism:
- Take no less than two words. .
Phraseologism always has at least two words. Just like one word has an unambiguous meaning, it is a phraseology. For example, the proposition “The student is flying through the corridor” has no phraseology, and the word fly is used in a figurative meaning.
We have a stable warehouse.
Since we have many phrases that are similar to phraseology, it is necessary to verify that one can replace one of these phrases with another. For example, in the derived words, the skin word can be easily replaced: dirk jacket, tiled jacket - and the word that has been lost retains its meaning. And if you replace any word in the phraseology of golden hands, you get the word “golden legs”, “golden hands”. You can say: “Skillful hands,” and the word “skillful” will be used by the sensei every time.
If one of the words in the word warehouse can be replaced by a set of other words ( take fear, take it hard), then most importantly, this is a phraseological understanding.
-I won’t name it.
Geographical names, names of installations and other names and phraseological units (Great Theater, “Chervona Strila”, Dead Sea).
1.4. Phraseologisms and other languages.
Phraseologisms appear in the rich world. Often phraseology is used in just one language, but, regardless of the price, it is similar to the place, for example:
|
Russian language |
Foreign languages |
|
Wait across the sea. |
Chase a hare under a tree. (Chinese language) |
|
Robiti is a molehill. |
Robiti z mosquito camel (Ceska mova) |
|
Fool yourself. |
Krusty the door, shutting your ear. (Chinese language) |
|
Ochi Misha - move just an inch forward. (Chinese language) |
|
|
There was a white crow. |
Ram on five legs. (French language) |
|
It’s written on the water with pitchforks. |
It's not in the teeming place yet. (French language) |
|
The soul went to hell. |
Nogo has a terrible fear. (French language) |
|
Buy a cat in a bear. |
Buy a pig from Mishka. (English language) |
|
Dog's eyes |
This is your great master. (German language) |
II. Practical part
2.1. Results of the study of student profiles
Unfortunately, the school has little time to learn phraseological units. I understand what the word is like in phraseological units among my classmates. For this purpose, please fill out a questionnaire for additional specially distributed meals.
As a result of the research, a questionnaire was conducted among 3-B grade students, with a total of 31 people.
Meta questionnaire– know what schoolchildren know about phraseological units; How can we understand the meaning of phraseological units; how often schoolchildren use phraseological units in everyday speech.
The students were provided with the following meals:
1. Do you know what phraseological units are? (Ta ni)
We knew that all children know what phraseology is. Twenty-one of the well-fed children know what phraseology is, ten people don’t know.
2. Do you use phraseology in your promotion? (Yes, no, no)
The analysis of the results showed that 9 students used phraseological units in their promotional language, 7 students - at the same time, 15 individuals - did not use phraseological units in their promotional language at all.
3. Explain the meaning of the following phraseological units: the servant is a servant, the teeth are set, the hands are like peas against a wall, like water out of a gander.
It should be said that out of 31 people with a high level of understanding of phraseological units, less than 5 people, 8 people could not explain the meaning of one phraseology, 6 people had an average level of understanding and 12 people had a low level. rhubarb. The most heated words among all the children were the phraseological units “a witch’s servant” and “like water from a gander.”
The experiment showed that most of the boys understood the meaning of phraseological units, aka vibirkovo. Guys can never explain in their own words what it means to be viraz or figure out their options for corruption. This was the case for the fourth meals.
4. Complete with phraseological units, choosing the required word.
a) Kill iz... (mosquito, fly) elephant
b) Not at my place... (kitchens, plates)
c) Vvazhat... (forty, raven)
d) Throw words... (by the sea, by the wind, by the well)
d) ... (five, third, seventeen, soma) water on jelly.
They answered and clearly responded to the question, having found the required word, 19 students (60%), could not correctly write 1 - 2 phraseological units - 7 individuals (28%), did not know these phraseological units - 5 students (12%).
5. Do you know phraseological units? (At home, at school, at literature, at movies, important news).
27 students respect that phraseological units are common in the language;
22 students - at the school;
13 people were confirmed - in the literature;
3 lessons are important to inform.
The study showed that children are most often used, and phraseological units are heard in lessons at school and at their parents’.
2.2. Results of the follow-up of reader questionnaires
I wanted to know how to put myself up to the phraseology of the reader of the cob classes. For this purpose, please fill out a questionnaire for additional specially distributed meals. 15 teachers working in grades 1–4 took part in the experiment.
Readers were prompted to ask:
1. Do you use phraseology during the initial process?
a) yes
b) neither
c) rarely
According to the diagrams, most teachers, 83%, often use phraseological units during the initial process, 16% rarely have a willing teacher who does not use phraseological units during the initial process.
2. How do you respect the understanding of the academic substitution of living phraseological units?
a) understand;
b) do not understand;
c) never understand again;
According to the diagrams, most readers respect that 66% of students understand the sense of the concepts they study, 25% understand it at all times, and just 9% understand the sense of the concepts they study.
3. See the 10 most popular phraseological units among readers.
In the result, the analiza of the Danny Panita Mi allowed the vision of 10 huts of the phraseologism, the Surdling MBOU Zosh No. 5 by the hollows of the raven, Vitati in the khmaras, Zarubati on the nose I pull for the MOVA, "Yak Riba at the Wodi".
During the course of the research, it became clear that not all scientists can explain the meaning of phraseological units, do not know where they are used and rarely use them in English. Many people have learned a lot of cursed phrases, but don’t know their meaning, and people have never heard of them. And the teachers of our school with children often live with their promotional phraseology. During the survey, 10 most popular phraseological units were identified among readers of MBOU ZOSH No. 5.
However, one may come to the conclusion that the lessons of Russian language and literary reading and the learning of phraseological units are given little respect. And even the stench determines the reality of filling folding boxes, robbing the language with sparkle and emotion. Undoubtedly, Russians have a great number of phraseological turns. You can check with someone by opening some phraseological dictionary.
I came to visnovku In order for the boys to know the Russian language better and be able to live with their promotional phraseology, it is necessary for them to clarify what such phraseology is, by what means we live it, the similarity and meaning of actual phraseology c. I wanted to engage the boys so that they could more often live out phraseologies in their promotions, so I created a presentation at home “The world of phraseology” and learned from it the boys at home ity. I'm sure that there was some tsikava and korisna there.
2.3. Creation of a phraseological dictionary
I wanted to create my own dictionary of phraseological units, such a dictionary can be given to students for vikoristan. The dictionary of roses clearly has the meaning of phraseological units and also includes pictures for a clearer understanding.
For the dictionary, there are phraseological units that are most often used in everyday speech, the meanings of which will be useful for schoolchildren to recognize. So, the dictionary was supplemented with phraseological units that, during the questionnaire, called out the difficulties of most children. Our dictionary contains 21 phraseological units.
After preparation, the vocabulary was divided and sent to the boys in the classroom for information. My dictionary has won the respect of children from the class. We all deserved pictures that illustrated phraseology. Having looked at the images, the children were delighted to read the explanations and phraseologies.
Visnovok
Working on this topic, I took more notice of phraseological units, learned to find them in the text, and learned to use phraseological units in my own language. I also became overwhelmed by the need to work with dictionaries.
I came to visnovku It is necessary to know the meaning of phraseological units in order to correctly live them in the promotion, to help make our language lively, beautiful, and emotional. Considering this topic, I learned a lot about our past, about the history of the Russian people, their traditions.
The meta of my last robot has been reached- Compile your phraseological dictionary from the pictures.
Zavdannya, placed in front of the robot, vikonani, hanging hypothesis confirmed– phraseological units truly embellish our language, and embellish it with beauty and beauty. Now I would like to continue working on this boring and tedious topic.
List of Wikilists
1. Burmako V.M. Russian language among the little ones. - M.: Prosvitnitstvo, 1991.
2. Mali L.D., O.S. Aryamova. Lessons on language development in third grade: lesson planning and didactic materials - Tula: Dzherelo, 2006.
3. Ozhegov S.I., Shvedova N.Yu. Tlumachny Dictionary of Russian 8000 words and phraseological words / Russian Academy of Sciences. - M: TOV "Vidavnitstvo ELPIS", 2003.
4. S.V. Ivanov, A.O. Evdokimova, M.I. Kuznetsova and in. Russian language: 3rd grade: handbook for educational educational organizations: about 2nd year. Part 1 / 3-vid., - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2014.
5. M.T. Baranov, T.A. Kostyaeva, A.V. Prudnikova. Russian language. Advanced materials: Basic handbook for students / 5th edition, - M.: Prosvitnitstvo, 1989.
6. N.V. Bogdanivska. Aspects of the development of Russian phraseology / initial handbook - St. Petersburg: 2008.
7. Kokhtev N.M. Russian phraseology/N.M. Kokhtev, D.E. Rosenthal. - M: Russian language, 1990.
8. Zhukov V.P. School Russian phraseological dictionary / basic textbook. - M.: Prosvitnitstvo, 1994.
MBOU "Krasnoyarsk Zosh"
"Phraseological Dictionary"
5th grade student
Solovyov Roman
Zamovnik:
reader of Russian language
Pavlova A. A.
With. Chervoniy Yar
Entry
Subject for the project "Phraseological Dictionary".
Relevance. I chose this topic because it bothered me.
Purpose my work is the clearest source of information about phraseological developments.
Project product will be my phraseological dictionary.
This product will help to achieve the goal of the project, so I will provide more information about phraseological units.
Plan my work is the end of the new holidays 01/12/16 – 01/13/16. Having chosen the topics and clarified the name, since I was previously familiar with phraseological turns, then the topic was immediately suitable. Gathering information: I have a “Dictionary of phraseological phrases” in my home library.
Prepared product First, select the most useful and sensible phraseologies, then you want to paint illustrations. Writing the written part of the project: highlighting the topic with a colored pen so that it is visible, then illustrating the text about this phraseology, and then writing the text.
Main part
- I started my work by collecting the necessary information about phraseological developments.
- Then I started to practise.
- I completed the work by writing the remaining phraseology.
- As the work progressed, I ran into the following problems: I wanted to dig up more material, otherwise I would get tired.
Visnovok.
Having completed my project, I can say that not everything that was planned came out, for example, I was not able to write and tell more about the richness of phraseological units.
It didn’t happen because the hour had passed.
Yakbi, I started again, I finished writing everything.
Phraseologisms
AT OUR LIFE
prepared reader of cob classes Linyuk N.P. m.Surgut
“Phraseologisms – chains, nuggets and gems of the native language...” A.I.Efimov
Project meta:
- find out what phraseology is;
- know what actions mean
phraseological units;
- signify the role of phraseological units in
Movie people.
NUTRITION PROBLEMS:
Will we notice our language with phraseological units, or let’s brighten it up, figuratively, and barvismly?
Phraseologisms – tse persistent movable turns that loom independent significance and powerful song language.
Phraseologisms are often used in our everyday language. Sometimes we don’t notice that there are no signs of infection - how important the stench is and how strong it is.
- Phraseologisms divide into different groups: - phraseological units from names creature; language from mythology; - phraseological units that came before ours language from folk art; - Professional phraseology; - phraseological units that characterize people.
"Achilles' heel"
Achilles is the beloved hero of the faceless legends of Ancient Greece. This is an insurmountable, important people, as many enemies have never taken. You probably often smelled phraseology Achilles' heel ? So why the hell is it impossible and important?!
Legend reveals that the mother of Achilles Thetis, hoping to keep his son from spilling, tied the boy near the water of the sacred river Styx. Ale, enveloping, she grabbed him by the heel and the heel appeared unprotected.
In one of the battles, Paris, the enemy of Achilles, shot an arrow into Achilles’ heel and killed him.
Be-yake weakling , on tap place call a man
Achilles' heel .
"Holding down my sleeves"
Chomu sleeves that’s what they call it – sensibly (from the word hand). Let's talk about Viraz Sleeves down .
So they began to speak in those distant hours Mina, When Russians wore clothes with very long sleeves: the smell reached 95 centimeters for men, and for women in bulls even longer – 130-140 centimeters
Try to wear clothes with sleeves like these: if it’s clumsy, it’ll look bad. The right side crossed, the sleeves needed to be turned up.
From now on they started talking about people who want to lose their rights lazily, reluctantly, willingly what a stink practice abiyak .
"Yak and gander water"
"Yom all yak z gusak water!" This wire often becomes jagged, but its appearance is not known to everyone.
And the axis is to say: “Yak z Kurki water” - it's not possible .
Chi bachili vi wet trigger?
Stinging look.
No wonder about those who are not worth living, evil, ruined people seem "The trigger is wet."
And Viraz
yak z gusak water means: yomu (їй) everything is better.
“Light up vschent”
What is the background? Call the place of the virus to tie it with diesel smoldering .
It's true background to mean "fall asleep"
Light up - burn out.
"Know by heart"
What sense is put into these words - children are no worse off than adults.
Nobles by heart - well, for example, Miraculously Vivchiti top, as a rule, the multiplication table...
And what time is it when know by heart, know by heart I got upset literally. This order is written and I ask you to check the quality of gold coins, heels and other items made from noble metal. If you bite a coin with your teeth, and if there is no dent on it, it means it is not crushed. Otherwise it could have been fake.
"Simply hair"
The meanings are associated with a long-standing Russian tradition. In the old days in Russia it was not customary for women to show up in public with bare head, bare hair, the whole thing was wrong and the woman was in an unruly, unruly position.
Go easy on yourself means “to have mercy”, “to spoil”, “to waste in an unruly camp”.
"Good riddance"
The people have a living tradition: before leaving for the wedding, she is named because she wanted her sisters to get married as soon as possible, she must pull on the tablecloth, like a covered table, so that they will not pull their sisters along with them on the road.
Until then, you need to be careful to see off those walking, waving their hustinas, so that they walk “lying like a tablecloth, even and smooth.” Viraz, like good riddance, the road got used to it right away Just like I'm celebrating the happy way
Ale started to get used to it ironic , at the significant “go wherever you want”, “get in” .
Hey, a quick test:
1) Good riddance
2) Go easy on yourself
3) Nobles by heart
go wherever you want, get in there
have mercy, show mercy
It’s good to figure it out
2) Yak and gander water
1) Sleeves down
3) Achilles' heel
4) Light up
youmu(їy) everything is darma
weak, on tap place
burn out.
lazy, reluctant, completely
Phraseological animal
Hungry yak...
Vovk
fox
Cunning yak...
bunny
Fearful yak...
Healthy yak...
Tricky yak...
Inflate the yak...
Indic
him before ak …
riba
Brudny yak...
pig
Up close...
vislyuk
Visnovok
Having completed my little investigation, I went back to where f roseology- the greatest treasure is the value of any language. Phraseologisms can’t make light of our language, but spoil it with its emotional, beautiful, richness. The more familiar we are with phraseological units, the more accurately and clearly we can express our thoughts.
Information resources : school Russian phraseological dictionary ( resources: http://www.bookvoed.ru/view_images.php?code=444538&tip=1 http://www.elhoschool.ru/russki/frazeol.htm http://edu.tltsu.ru/sites/sites_content/site1065/html/media6815/11.jpg http://iliustracija.lt/wp-content/gallery/erika/brevno_v_glazu2.jpg http://frazbook.ru/wp-content/gallery/illyustracii-k-frazeologizmam/bit_chelom.jpg http://img.labirint.ru/images/comments_pic/0939/010labe6vj1253801714.jpg
"GYMNASIA"
The revolutionary world of phraseological units
Doslednitska robot.
Vikonav: Egorov Oleksandr,
study 2b class
Kerivnik: Domnenko Tetyana Anatoliivna,
m. Nyagan
Chapter 1. The revolutionary world of phraseological units……………………………………..6
1.1. Understanding “phraseologisms” and its signs………..………………... 6
1.2 Variety of phraseological units..…………………………………… 7
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………….12
List of popular literature and information sources………..13
Addendums………………………………………………………………………………...14
Addendum 1……………………………………………………………………………….15
Addendum 2……………………………………………………………………………….16
Addendum 3……………………………………………………………………………….17
Addendum 4……………………………………………………………………………….19
Addendum 5……………………………………………………………………………….26
“For those who dig history,
culture of its people, phraseology -
one of the best
tsikavikh spheres of language"
N. M. Shansky
Enter
Russian language is known to the world for its wealth and beauty. Often in poetry you can almost hear: “There are no words to express it...”, “There are no words to describe it...”. In fact, our language has enough words to understand, to understand, to understand, to manifest.
Not all of this information was understood by us, the people of the 21st century, but at the time of the creation of phraseology, we had little sense, we were well aware. For just an hour, having erased the surroundings of their guilt, they were filled with mysteries.
The relevance of my work is due to the fact that these phraseological units are not given enough time, and for some reason they are devoid of mystery.
In connection with the fact that in this hour phraseological units are rarely used and are routinely lost in everyday life, I began to wonder - how much do my same-year-olds know about phraseological units? And how can I encourage them to become interested in these beautiful imaginative features?
Therefore, I decided to engage in the search for evidence on this matter and value topic of his pre-slednytsky project “The Marvelous World of Phraseologisms”.
I conducted a questionnaire among the student class, from which 23 individuals took their fate.
Ні – 67%
18% of students explained the meaning of all phraseological units, 82% gave only a brief explanation. The difficult ones cried out - beat the canoes, with a knuckle nose, seven spans on the forehead.
from fathers – 34%
teacher type – 42%
type of friends – 21%
I don’t know yet – 12%
Often – 4%
Inodi – 56%
Nicole – 40%
The study of the students showed that most boys do not know what phraseological units are, and understand their meanings only in a very simple way, who can now explain in their own words what it means, so you can figure out your options for misunderstanding, so It’s rare to get to the promo vikorists.
In this way, the topic of work is made to remain relevant.
Meta robots
Coming out of this goal, I set steps in front of me zavdannya:
Learn the concepts of “phraseologisms”, the signs of phraseological units
Types of illustrations, dictionary of phraseological units
Write a tweet, vikory and phraseology.
Subject of investigation- Use of phraseological units in the language.
Hypothesis: Because people understand the importance of phraseology, they call upon it to vikorize it from their promotion, which significantly embellishes and enriches it.
Investigation methods – questionnaire, search, collection of information, analysis, research.
Etapi roboti:
Questionnaire of classmates.
Work with literature, phraseological dictionaries.
A look at phraseological units from a teacher from the Russian language in 2nd grade
Their significance is significant, choosing an illustration and completing it.
Presentation of the phraseological dictionary in class.
I'm writing and creating.
Section 1. The extraordinary world of phraseology
Concepts of “phraseologisms” and their signs
Ozhegov’s dictionary says that phraseological units have independent meanings. The word skin has lost its primary meaning. The stench evoked a completely different sensation, a strange sensation for them. For example, the phraseological phrase “brew the porridge” has nothing in it, and the phraseological phrase “golden hand” has nothing made of gold.
The still great M.U. Lomonosov called the persistent additions “phrases”, “Russian adverbs”, and included them in the dictionary. It has become clear that phraseological units create a special tier in language. A new branch of language has emerged - phraseology. Phraseology is a science that includes stable phrases. Stable combination of words – and phraseological units. , The word “phraseology” is similar to two Greek words: “phrasis” - “viraz” and “logos” - “vchennya”. Phraseology is a great treasure and the inevitable value of any language. Phraseologisms, in their own way, evoke the life of our people from very distant times, in which expressions the spirit of the people, their history, is called. Mitsny pot is the phraseology itself. So many philologists are racking their brains about phraseological units in Russian language.
Dzherela phraseological twists of carnage. Some of them were based on people’s caution over natural phenomena (the rock), others are associated with mythology and real historical ideas (such as Mamai proyshov), others came from folklore and literary works (Kazka tale “Prob Ilogo whip", "A cart and nini there" from the tales of I. Krilov "Swan, Crayfish and Pike")
Phraseologisms have a number of important features and a sign:
1. In phraseological units, please do not tolerate substitutions of words and their permutations, for which they still sound like persistent phrases. Whatever happened can't view it What if I didn't have it? or else be-what-be, A don't get under your feet zamіst don't get lost in the boos or else from khvilini to khvilina zamіst from rock to river. And of course the blame: lamati head or else lamati head, Znenatska catchі catch Znenatska, but such episodes are rare.2. A lot of phraseological units can easily be replaced by one word:
Stremgolov - shvidko, with a hand of tribute - close.
3. The most important aspect of phraseological units is their figurative and figurative place. Often the direct expression is recreated figuratively. Phraseologisms cannot be understood literally, otherwise the language becomes comically stupid.
The language came to us during the decline of wealthy generations of people as the most expensive wealth. Vіn is respected by one of the most diverse people in the world. The more a person knows, the more precisely, the more clearly she expresses her idea. “Kulgave word is a crooked language” - say in the Russian accent.
1.2 Variety of phraseological units
Correctly, the correct use of phraseological units gives the language a special variety, meaning, and imagery. In addition to the selection of phraseology, I appreciate the language, work with it emotionally, tsikava.
To clarify the meaning of phraseological units, dictionaries have been created. The first phraseological dictionary edited by V.A. Molotkov. Vinik is like the 60s. He has over 4,000 phraseological units.
With a lot of material about phraseological units, I became curious, and what is the topic for our Russian assistant. Having glanced at the handbook, we realized that the theme of “Phraseology” is similar to rock and there are even few sides to the book. I have seen all the phraseological turns, as if we were to believe this fate. There were 54 (Addendum 3). Having re-read them, I realized that most of what I know is unknown. The various meanings of these phraseological units with the help of a phraseological dictionary, having created a summary: it turns out that phraseological units like words can be identified with proximal meanings (antonyms) and mothers with similar meanings (synonyms) mi).
During the investigation, I saw 7 groups of phraseological synonyms:
The meaning of the speedy run:
What's in the spirit
For all the privacy
Only a few five began to shine
All shoulder blades
From all these days
Rush at all speeds
Strimgols
How strong is it?
Significance - diligently, diligently practise:
Don't harm your strength
Rolled up sleeves
Until my sweat
At the poti chola
Working hard
Meaning - fooling around:
Lead by the nose
Enter into oman
Let him drink in his eyes
Meaning - baidikuvati:
Banish the ledar
Sit with clasped hands
Biti kayaks
Meaning - move:
Typing water in your mouth
Trimati tongue behind teeth
Meaning very soon, in the near future:
You won’t be able to look around
From khvilini to khvilina
The significance is very little.
Z Gulkin nis
Kit cried
Rolled up sleeves - abiyak
Trimati tongue behind teeth - sharpen lasi
Far away, distant lands - with the hand of taxes
Live by your own mind - live by someone else's mind
Brew the porridge - spoil the porridge
With a light heart - with a heavy heart
Sit with clasped hands - work tirelessly
We wanted to create our own phraseological dictionary, which we could share with our classmates for vikoristan. The dictionary of roses clearly has the meaning of phraseological units and also includes pictures for a clearer understanding.
After the preparation, the vocabulary was distributed and sent to the boys in the classroom for information (Addendum 4). Having returned her respect. We all deserved pictures that illustrated phraseology. Having looked at the images, the children were delighted to read the explanations and phraseologies.
After the boys learned our dictionary from the class, we were encouraged to write a novel, vikory and tributes in phraseology.
The creations turned out to be very catchy, filled with phraseological twists (Addendum 5).
We realized that after the children began to understand the meaning of phraseological units, they began to vikorize them in their promo, their language became more colorful and colorful.
Visnovok
The topic of our investigation seemed to be interesting. As the work progressed, we realized that not all the boys in the class understand what phraseological units are, and they can no longer explain their meanings. Few of our one-year-olds get used to phraseology in their promo. We believe that our investigation helped the boys to increase the diversity of phraseological units, understand their meanings and use their promos.
It is necessary to give greater respect to the development of phraseological units, and therefore their vocabulary increases, it becomes more figurative, bright and emotional.
Working on this topic, we took away more externally the manifestations of phraseological units, their signs, and learned to understand their meanings and use them in our own language.
The meta of our pre-slednik work has been achieved. The mystery set before us, the Wikons, the hypothesis has been confirmed.
Getting to know the phraseological units and their stasis in our promotion, we are happy to share one with cheerful warmth and kind words. Even phraseology is a part of our culture, without which our language says goodbye and wastes farbi.
List of popular literature and information resources
Volkov S. Unique illustrated phraseological dictionary for children - M: AST Astrel, 2010. - 224 p.
Gvozdarev Yu. Rozpovid about Russian phraseology - M.: Prosvitnitstvo, 1988. - 192 p.
Zhukov U. School phraseological dictionary - M.: Prosvitnitstvo, 1989. - 432 items.
Ivanov S.V., Evdokimova A.O., Kuznetsova M.I. ta in. Russian language: 2nd grade - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2012. - 176 p.
Ozhegov S.I., Shvedova N.Yu. Tlumachny Dictionary of Russian-M.: TOV “ITI Technologies”, 2006. - 944 p.
Rozi T.V. Great phraseological dictionary for children - M: OLMA Media Group, 2009. - 224 p.
Funny phraseology in pictures for children https://yandex.ru/images/search?text=%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B5%20%D1%84%D1 %80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%8B%20%D0 %B2%20%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%85%20%D0%B4%D0%BB %D1%8F%20%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9&stype=image&lr=11186&noreask=1&source=wiz
Phraseological turns in verses https://infourok.ru/material.html?mid=166143
http://phraseology.academic.ru/
Phraseological dictionary of Ukrainian literary language http://enc-dic.com/rusphrase/
Guys!
I would like to ask for your feedback on the completed questionnaire for further research work dedicated to phraseological units.
Do you know what phraseology is?
Explain the meaning of phraseological units.
Notch on the nose___________________________
Biti kayaks _______________________________
Z Gulkin nіs ______________________________
Seven p'yady at the forehead __________________________
Where did you talk about phraseological units?
□ from fathers
□ from the teacher
□ among friends
□ I don’t know
4. Do you use phraseology in your promotion?
□ inodes
□ no
Results of the experiment
SUPPLEMENT 1.
ADDENDUM 2.
| No. | phraseology | Significance |
| 1. | You won’t be able to look around | Very soon |
| 2. | Hack on the nose | Mitsno remember |
| 3. | Only a few five began to shine | Run as fast as you can |
| 4. | Like out of the blue | Unauthorized |
| 5. | Yak from Misyatsya fell | I don’t understand what everyone understands |
| 6. | Typing water in your mouth | Nibi onim, having spent the gift of language. |
| 7. | My mouth is buzzing | Much more right, turbot |
| 8. | Don't put it in your mouth | There is no thirst for food |
| 9. | Neither light nor dawn | Early |
| 10. | Language without brushes | Balakuchiy |
| 11. | Let him drink in his eyes | Boast, be foolish |
| 12. | Banish the ledar | Nerobi |
| 13. | Trimati tongue behind teeth | Movchati |
| 14. | Lamati head | Dumati |
| 15. | Like two drops of water | Very similar |
| 16. | Don't get under your feet | Do not respect, do not overwhelm |
| 17. | From khvilini to khvilina | Very soon, very soon |
| 18. | Z Gulkin nis | Not enough |
| 19. | Sit with clasped hands | Nerobi |
| 20. | What's in the spirit | Shvidko run |
| 21. | Working hard | Practice diligently, diligently |
| 22. | I'm knee-deep | It's really frivolous |
| 23. | For all the privacy | Shvidko run |
| 24. | Don't harm your strength | Practice diligently, diligently |
| 25. | Biti kayaks | Nerobi |
| 26. | All shoulder blades | Shvidko run |
| 27. | Rolled up sleeves | Practice diligently, diligently |
| 28. | From all these days | Shvidko run |
| 29. | Until my sweat | Practice diligently, diligently |
| 30. | Rush at all speeds | Shvidko run |
| 31. | Catching flies | Be disrespectful |
| 32. | At the poti chola | Practice diligently, diligently |
| 33. | Kit cried | Few |
| 34. | Strimgols | Shvidko run |
| 35. | How strong is it? | Shvidko run |
| 36. | Make some porridge | Start not accepting from the right |
| 37. | Far away | Far too far |
ADDENDUM 3.
| 38. | With a light heart | Happy, no worries |
| 39. | Live by your mind | Make decisions independently |
| 40. | Live someone else's mind | Attend to other people's gazes |
| 41. | Give by hand | Really close |
| 42. | Wash the porridge | I don’t accept the right to get lost |
| 43. | With an important heart | A little bit of anxiety |
| 44. | Sleeves down | Pratsyuvati nedbalo |
| 45. | Sharpen lasi | Boltati |
| 46. | The end of eternity | Let's go back and forget |
| 47. | Seven inches at the forehead | Really smart |
| 48. | Lead by the nose | Deceive |
| 49. | Enter into oman | Deceive |
| 50. | Bow your head | Get lost |
| 51. | Spoil yourself | Get injured |
| 52. | Raise your head | The tenths are chanted |
| 53. | Hold your nose | Sign up |
| 54. | Eat some bread and butter | Vshanuvati |
ADDENDUM 3.
ADDENDUM 4.
ADDENDUM 4.
ADDENDUM 4.
ADDENDUM 4.
ADDENDUM 4.
ADDENDUM 4.
ADDENDUM 4.
Today I woke up before dawn. You need to get to school. I’ve washed myself, slept and refreshed my spirit. Walking me to school, my mother said:
Sashko, cut yourself off, don’t catch flies in class, don’t sit with your hands clasped, work until you sweat. Don’t talk, keep your mouth shut. During breaks, sit back calmly, don’t run headlong, otherwise you might hurt yourself.
I will obey my mother’s orders. I’ll work with my sleeves rolled up and everything will come out of me.
On the fishery.
It seems like we decided to go fishing. It was neither light nor dawn, we fell asleep and set off on the road. Our place, called fishing, was miles away. That's why we rushed off at full speed. Fishing didn’t go into the beginning, because we caught fish for everyone with a curly nose. Tato said that the fish don’t bite the one we loudly sharpen. Then we stopped babbling and stopped talking, as if we had run out of water. They didn’t stop to look around as they caught a lot of fish. They played us until we sweated. With light hearts we turned home. There my mother fed us some bread and butter.
ADDENDUM 5.
Vantaged...