Doslednitskaya robot "Lyalki - amulets". Doslednytska robot "Research on the strength of amulets of the Altai and Russian peoples Doslednitska robot dolls amulets presentation

State installation of lighting “Secondary school No. 3 of Lunintsya metro station”

Slovenian dolls - amulets

Vikonala: Dubina Karina,

10th grade student

Kerivnik: Yermakovich Olena Mykolayivna,

reader of history

2016

Zmist

Introduction……………………………………………………………………...p. 3

I. Main part………………………………………………………………………………..p.5

1.1 History of the talisman-amulet…………………………………….p.5

1.2 See the dolls………………………………………………………………...p.6

1.3 Significance of dolls-amulets……………………………………………………………………....p.8

II. The practical part……………………………………………………………..p.9

2.1 Results of the questionnaire……………………………………………..p.9

2.2 Do-it-yourself lyalka-amulet…………………………………………......p.9

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………..p.11

Literature………………………………………………………………………………...p.12

Addendum 1.……………………………………………………………………………….p.13

Addendum 2.……………………………………………………………………………….p.14

Addendum 3.……………………………………………………………………………….p.15

Preserves amulets in the event of a meeting,
Chi does not allow evil forces.
A man became jealous of him,
Don't be separated until the grave.
Yogo carried all his life daddy,
Father’s wife was married to her grandfather.
Keep your hearts warm
And the memory of the ancient commandment.
People went with him to the battle,
Why turn around, believe it holy
I came home as soon as possible.
This is how the Kolyas lived for old times.
Ale has become a practical person,
Thank you to our ancestors for science.
Children, our old amulet,
It’s a pity, we won’t give this onukova...

(“Oberig” Oleksandr Ignatov)

Enter

Every one of us would like to inconspicuously bow down in front of the black cat and cross his fingers on his hand, or put a penny under his heel during the hour of sleep. Grandmothers and mothers pin hairpins on their children. I have food: for what and why, people from century to century continue to beware of, it would seem, simple speeches. I found out that the Slovenians of Ancient Russia had doll amulets.

Relevance of the investigation:

Every person knows the culture and traditions of his people. And the doll is a reflection of the life of the Slovenian people. And today’s interest in the doll has not faded, although much of the doll’s value has been saved, however, I will try to find out during the investigation.

Meta research:

History of Slovenian amulets - dolls.

Hypothesis:

There is no time left for the folk game, and there is, as before, a delight in the hearts of children and adults. It can be assumed that in our time people know about amulets and believe in them.

Object of investigation: dolls - amulets.

Subject of investigation: personal data, information resources about Slovenian dolls, the technology of their preparation.

Investigation department:

read and analyze scientific information from the nutritional structure of the doll - a talisman in the 6th – 9th centuries, organize, organize and concretize the extracted information;

viklasti in paper and electronic versions of theoretical material;

prepare your own amulets;

develop skills in pre-serial activities;

shut up completely with the past of our ancestors;

revive relevant traditions in current culture and society.

Adopt research methods:

In my previous work, I used methods such as contextual search, internet search, questionnaire survey, brain imaging, description, information systematization, research and practical activity.

The practical significance of this work is indicated by the possibility of vicarious results from the practical activities of teachers, including lessons on the history of Belarus and the culture of similar words.

I . Main part

1.1 History of the victory of dolls-amulets

It's our time for dolls - most often, children's games. Ale, don’t make such a mistake.

Everything that happened to the first people was unreasonable and often cruel and terrible.

Water poured from the sky and fire fell in arrows (rain and fire). The water, as if it was very angry, washed over and took away lives, people, crops. The sun has never ceased to shine brightly on people and the earth. There were hours when all the crops were burned, allowing people to reap the harvest. The wind blew from the roots of the tree, ruining the veins.

And the people asked themselves: who is going to bother with everything? Of course, these are the things that are powerful and powerful – gods. People created sculptures of gods, gave them names, and now people have someone to ask for help and someone to worship. So the gods appeared: Svarog, Dazhbog, Makosh, Perun and many others.

Most often, the gods were afraid of human positions. Chantly, here are the first dolls.

The Russian word “lyalka” is disputed with the Greek “kiklos” (“circle”), and means a burnt bundle of straw, which girls from time immemorial sang and rocked, inheriting their mothers.

If people invented gods, they felt quiet in this majestic and innocent world. The people who created the gods, believed them, worshiped them and succumbed to their protection. So the first dolls made life easier for the first people.

At one o'clock, when the dolls were chanting people's lives, replacing the people in the rituals of sacrifice. Our ancestors used to say greedily: in order to appease the gods, they sacrificed people to them. Once upon a time, someone had the idea of giving away to the gods a doll instead of a living person. They took the original dress, dressed it in hustka and sarafan and sacrificed it to the gods. The gods accepted the sacrifice. So the lyalka-polino was telling the man.

Other dolls appeared - fallen, which were sacrificed to various gods. Each doll has a small name: Kostroma, Morena, Kupalo, Yarilo...

For a long time, the Slovenians took them very seriously. The dolls were the main amulets; the skin forged its bindings around them. Most were identified with the image of female deities.

Slovenian self-made amulets have always played an important role in the life of the people of Russia. Its main purpose was to bury and protect, children played with dolls, they decorated the little hut with them. Our ancestors were in love with the fact that amulets can flow into the life, health, and well-being of people. Therefore, dolls were prepared as symbols of the ritual or as guardians of household goods, and they were often given as gifts.

Dolls - amulets in Russia - are made from natural materials that come from the forest: wood, vine, grass, straw. And this is not a bad thing, because the forest is the place of birth of the Russian people. The dolls, made from a birch field, are a talisman of family happiness. The wasp has always been considered to be a source of evil perfumes, so dolls made on the basis of the wasp act as amulets to ward off evil spirits. The head of rice is a doll - pure in appearance, without a nose, mouth and eyes. Because the ancient beliefs held that “if you do not expose yourself, evil spirits will not enter and you will not give harm to either the child or the adult.”

1.2. See the dolls

Careful dolls with power can be divided into one category. For example, there are those who kidnap a child due to illness; amulets for young girls and boys; for vaginal wives; for the sake of this family's well-being. Let's take a look at which one of them.

Bereginya

Bereginya (Stovpchik)- One of the oldest amulet dolls. Respected by the first lieutenant, gentlemen. Protector of the family treasure, protects the family from evil people. Ask them to put white on the entrance doors to protect the booths. Its external appearance can be changed, but the main prominent sign of the doll is its large breasts, as a symbol of motherhood, fertility, and prosperity. When this is done, begin to twist the red threads. This color in Russia has long been respected and respected.

God Eye

This is the most cherished doll of our ancestors - the Eye of God, or the Eye of God. The cross-like composition conveys the idea of expanding the forces of good or the forces that protect on all sides of the world.

The “Eye of God” is placed above the entrance doors to a cabin, a room, above a child’s bed, in a place where people can clearly see what they are about to enter. The bright and disobedient image of the amulet attracts the respect of the entrance, which forgets about the bad intentions of the ruler's day.

As a rule, the most buried boules were dolls, headless wikonans and a knife. The fabric was spread during the preparation of the dolls, not cut, but torn (sometimes the dolls were called “torn”).

Pelenashka

These dolls made of fabric fluttered as the woman received the happy news about her pregnancy. The stench of the little one, sunbathed in pellets, was noticeable. Such amulets were placed in the cart, where they were known before the birth of the child, and also before the baptism ceremony was completed. So there is a little bit of theft from the defilement of the evil eye.

Lyalka-amulet “For your health”

The loving doll “Healthy” works only from linen threads, since it is important that it is even more environmentally friendly with its natural powers and, taking the illness on itself, helps people see. This little girl does not adorn herself with anything and does not tolerate fuss, but instead, work is required, trying to stay as much as possible in the camp of kindness, concentrating on messages about sick people, for which there is no need to work.

You can light a candle and read prayers and say prayers. When the child gets sick, the baby doll is placed in her bed, so she can play with her, and as soon as she gets sick, the baby doll burns. When you braid your braid into dolls, you need to say: “To your health, to your health.” Upon completion of preparation and when handing over to the sick person, repeat: “To your health.”

Dolly "Goat"

The goat was a symbol of life's strength, and this strength was small to bring the owner's house and land, his field, so that bread would be born better.

The goat is an amulet of a positive mood. "Goat" is always cheerful, always non-turbocharged. She helps even serious people to see the world a little more cheerfully, and she helps even serious people to look at their problems from the outside. With her little bells, she gives her cheerfulness and vitality and removes the tension and confusion from the heart. The goat is a symbol of vitality, generosity and natural generosity. Also, the goat is respected by the offspring of the demon and at the same time is protected from the new one. Lyalka Koza awakens creativity, imparts a woman's excitement, gives courage, adds drive to life, and brightens her mood.

Vinochok goodness and goodness

Gifted with wealth, happiness, goodness.

Lyalka was robbed by the French at Rizdvo. For this reason, on the night of Holy Eve, at the booth, at the red kutka, various grains were scattered, as was in the reign. The Frenchmen collected the grain, tied five small sacks into it and decorated the doll. The skin's pouch has one type of cereal.

The wine was placed in such a place that strangers would not drink it, but the master would drink it.

At Vodokhreshche Venichek they dipped holy water and blessed the booth.

They kept Venichek safely far from the eyes of strangers, and even the master knew where to stand. The grains of the students were saved for extreme emergencies, when people at home were seriously ill, and these grains were added to their urchins. And if there were fragments of Venichek, then the mistress could have quietly thrown out all the trash from the house.

Doll-amulet “Ten Hands”

Ritual doll-assistant. Referred to as additional assistance from other people on the right. Prepared from the face of the Sichov.

The doll was intended to help girls who were preparing their work, and women in various activities, such as weaving, sewing, embroidery, and knitting. Traditionally, after cooking, it was immediately burned. With weak hands, she helps the woman cope with her work today. It is advisable to hang the baby doll on a private place near the room, and let the woman spend an hour at work.

Mother

The doll is a talisman that represents the joy of motherhood as the creation of a new life. The obligatory attribute of her appearance is the obviousness of two hands. The doll was often given as a gift for fun or if the woman was already pregnant.

1.3. The meaning of dolls-amulets

Any object can be a talisman. The most important aspect of endowing a singing object with power is the amulet's broadness and the absence of doubts. Be careful of these and other warehouse components to keep different symbols from the authorities. The amulet is not just a traditional treasure, it is a very specific, practical and mystical place that has come to us from the distant past as a message from our distant ancestors.

Little dolls-amulets, our ancestors practiced different techniques, using different techniques directly. This skin virobu has its own meaning. Some items protect people's health, they can be stolen in the face of danger, and they can receive warning signs. It is possible to acquire such a magical item in our time: just follow the awkward rules and turn on your imagination. How to protect the doll can be victorious no matter what kind of person you earn or what kind you will be given.

II . The practical part.

2.1 Survey results

Conducting my investigation, I wanted to find out what my yearlings knew about such dolls, and find out what kind of measles the doll could bring to children and adults. Processing and analysis of the extracted data allowed me to develop ideas about the place of the doll in the life of a daily person. For the questionnaire, I took 7 questions.

Nutrition questionnaire:

1. Who is the doll at home?

7. How would you like to bring a doll-amulet?

Usyogo suffered the fate of 40 individuals from 8-10 classes. Visnovki from the questionnaire can be used:

Most children know little about folk dolls, and there are no such dolls in anyone’s home.

If anyone has such a doll at home, then it’s just a toy or a purchased souvenir.

Not all children like a gancher doll, but they respect that there is nothing special about such a doll.

The gancher's doll is due to those who are so self-motivated, beautiful, funny, playful and you can play with her.

In response to the question “Yak should I bring the bark?” The children confirmed that the doll protects the baby, protects her from evil spirits, and can also help her.

2.2 Do-it-yourself lyalka-amulet

Features of preparation

Before you can use the amulet, you need to know the basic rules to follow.

Positive thoughts. You can only protect yourself in a good mood, and you will easily pick up the fragments of the vibration at the moment of creation. presence of sharp objects.

It is not recommended to use heads, knives or other sharp objects to avoid wasting magical power. That fabric and threads were torn. The fabric was twisted and secured with threads and knots. Over the years, they told him not to sew the doll, but to twist it.

Respect to the vuzliks. For those who are tired of each other, who may have a lot of knack, repeat the words of kindness and kindness. Robiti tse bazhano out loud. Work to protect the need for love. Tsya mind - smut! You must take care of your little doll and put your whole soul into sewing it. Remember, you can only create a talisman with your own hands, strictly following these recommendations. Only in this case will the use of this type of amulets be effective.

The dolls did not pretend to expose themselves; And through the eyes, which are the mirror of the soul, to protect the evil spirit.

The old dolls valued bright colors, especially red ones. The red color in Russia is considered to be the most intensely dry magical color.

I tried to create a talisman by following the instructions. And a miracle little doll appeared in me.

Visnovok

In our time, the traditional folk doll is reviving and turning into life by people who are buried and honored for preserving folk traditions.

Vaughn has not lost its beauty, warmth and originality to make people happy.

Despite the well-established industrial production of toys throughout the world, interest in hand-operated robots is growing every day. Nowadays, at souvenir shops you can see a variety of folk crafts, including dolls. This confirms our hypothesis: the folk game does not take time, and, as before, it will reach the hearts of children and adults. Lyalka can tell us about the traditions and culture of our people, tell us about our rich history, connect us with our ancestors.

As a result, Vikonannya robots have reached the next step:

The history of the traditional Russian folk lyalka of this type was introduced

Mastered Viconnian technology;

A presentation has been prepared that can be used in lessons on the history of Belarus;

We have prepared little doll designs that can be a special gift for loved ones.

Based on the investigation carried out, it is possible to establish that the doll is an integral part of our life. Some people play with a doll in childhood and, quickly forget about their favorite toy, for others, the doll transforms into hobbies - such hoarding wasted a lot of pennies, but sometimes you can see the dolls that create unique objects. mysticism.

Literature

Zimina, Z.I.Textile ritual dolls/Zimina Z.I. - M.: Vidavnitstvo "Ladoga-100", 2007. - 64 p., Ill.

http://grimuar.ru/zashita/kukly/slavyanskie-kuklyi-oberegi.html

Addendum 1

1. Who is the doll at home?

2. What kind of folk dolls do you see?

____________________________________________________________________

3. Do you know when the folk doll was invented?

____________________________________________________________________

4. Do you like toys you make with your own hands?

____________________________________________________________________

5. How do you work dolls?

____________________________________________________________________

6. Do you want to learn how to do a baby doll?

____________________________________________________________________

7. How would you like to bring a doll-amulet?

____________________________________________________________________

Addendum 2

Lyalka-amulet “For your health”

Materials:

1.
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3.
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7.
8. 9.

Addendum 3

To create a talisman for Mama, twist a linen cord and tie it with thread.

To ensure that the head has a rounded shape, add a small amount of padding polyester to the required area and mark it with a thread line.

Form a spoke from the bright fabric. Spіdnitsa can be earned directly. However, there is a problem with this option, however, only food items will need to be made from large fabrics.

The arms and chest of the doll are also lightly filled with padding polyester. Then add a doll bed, a blanket and tie a braid. The doll's hands need to be tied together and tied to the sheepskin coat.

In her work, Yana traces the history of the origin of protective dolls and describes the technology of their preparation.

Municipal Autonomous Zagalnosvitny mortgage.

Doslednitska work on the topic:

Dolls' kitchen - amulets.

Vikonala student 2B class

reader of cob classes

I really love dolls, I love playing with them. I think that not only children, but also adults, play with their favorite toy, as they save everything in their lives.

And I started thinking - why does the doll play such an important role in the life of a child and then in adulthood, even the doll, what is its significance?

At a lesson in the full world, I became acquainted with one of the ritual dolls - Zernushka. My mother and I killed with our own hands. And I wanted to find out whether there are other types of ritual dolls and dolls - amulets made from fabric and other materials at hand.

That’s why I decided to conduct an investigation. And the axis of what came out of me.

Know what types of dolls there are.
Find out why the doll is still fun for both children and adults.
Learn how to make dolls yourself.

Get to know the history of the game.
Significantly see the dolls.
Learn how to prepare dolls.
Find out the best ways to cook rice.
Prepare your own dollops of several types.

1. Getting to know the dolls allows me to get to know some aspects of the culture of the Russian people.

2. Making dolls will help me learn all the techniques of making and handicraft.

1. Find out information about the species of dolls yourself (from the Internet, literature)

2. Improve the methods of preparing different types of dolls.

3. Ask your mother and grandmother for the information you need.

4. Ask your mother to teach you the ways and techniques of making dolls.

From the history of the game.

Lyalka is the first among the toys. This story dates back a long time. From the beginning, the doll served as a totem, a ritual symbol, and later turned into a child’s toy. Our hour is a day of sleep of all kinds of dolls. However, manual dolls are especially popular. Often the favorite toy is the one you made with your own hands, because your imagination and soul are invested in it.

Since ancient times, enchanting powers of power have been attributed to the dolls. People believed that stinks could ward off evil forces, take on people’s illnesses and illnesses, bring them happiness, and help a good birth. If the toy had played its role, the small one would be “correctly” divided. The Maistrins never tried anything prickly or cutting while working. And the clasps of the fabric, and the threads were not cut, but were torn by hand, and then tied together. Vuzliks served as another amulet, standing on the path of evil forces. In addition, the dolls never bothered with their disguises, because our ancestors believed that with their disguises, the toy takes away its soul, and therefore becomes a waste for a vile eye.

Gancher amulets accompanied people at all stages of their lives. And at the time of the birth, and at the spring celebration, and at the funeral, they were indispensable companions of people. Blessing her daughter for marriage, the mother gave her a doll, made with her own hands. And in the center of the merry pie they placed a birch spear, decorated with figurines of the named and the named. Birch symbolized the tree of life, whose branches are the basis for a young family. And the man and his squad of mutes become the center of the small world, where chaos and chaos reign.

Even before the birth of the people, the child’s mother prepared a toy for her, which was placed near the pram so that she would protect it from evil forces. The child grew up with her, learned to walk, and learned her first words. If she couldn’t fall asleep for a long time, her mother would put her in the neck of the sleepless doll, a beregin, a protector of the baby. As the woman nursed the baby, she also robbed the baby doll and looked after her like a son and daughter. It was important that this would help the soul of the deceased to get used to the world of the prison, and the mother to come to terms with grief.

Lyalkas were passed down from generation to generation in families. The first skin girl took away from her mother and grandmother, saved them, took care of them, sewed her favorites. All the hours the child was experiencing the world through the game, trying on different roles, learning the behavior patterns adopted by adults.

The toy has always been an element of folk culture. A booth without toys is considered spiritually unspiritual. And this is a sign: if the children play richly and vigorously, the family will have income, since they will have plenty of games to play while in the house.

They believed that toys protect a child’s sleep (it has long been our custom to put children to bed with their favorite toy).

The people especially wanted the game of dolls among girls, since the doll was respected as a symbol of prolongation of the family.

They believed that toys bring a good harvest, especially when girls grow up playing with them. The toys create an atmosphere in the booth with extra light. A child without a toy grows up empty and cruel, as it has no meaning. kindness and love, give skills for life and form the ability to interact with people intelligently and carefully work with toys with your own hands, putting diligence and soul into them.

See ganchir dolls.

Having analyzed the information, I came to the conclusion that there are 3 main types of dolls (dolls-amulets made of fabric):

Dollop “Zernyatko”, dollop “Rich Man”, dollop “Podorozhnitsya”, dolly “Vesnyanka” - in the middle of these dollops-amulets there is grain and ash;
Doll "Stovpchik", doll "Vtishnytsia" - in the middle of these dolls-amulets there is birch bark;
The doll “Pivnichna Bereginya”, the doll “Day-Nich” - in the middle of these dolls-amulets there is a gancher.

Most amulets are made from fabric, without putting prickly or sharp objects (heads and knives) in the robot. And the clasps of the fabric, and the threads are not cut, but torn by hand, and then knitted. In addition, dolls do not care about their appearance, as our ancestors believed that with their appearance, the toy takes away its soul, and therefore becomes a spoil for the dirty eye.

As a reminder, the amulets can be made of different materials:

ash is a symbol of household rot;
grain is a symbol of future wealth;
birch bark - birch bark - a symbol of life;
ganchirs - surplus of old textiles - a symbol of the offensive of a generation.

Amulet dolls are always decorated with embroidery, wicker belts, and tassels, which symbolize connections from nature and ancestors.

Together with my mother, I prepared a bunch of dolls-amulets of various types:

Lyalka "Grain"
Lyalka "Podorozhnitsa"
Lyalka "Vesnyanka"
Lyalka "Pivnichna Bereginya"
Lyalka "Day-Nich"

Lyalka "Zernyatko" ("Krupenichka")

Lyalka struggled from the sackcloth. A small bag filled with grain, in which the women used to sing a song and read a prayer. The head was attached to the sheepskin-bag without any covering, and was tied with a khustka and a tassel-belt (with a magical ornament: water, earth, grain, sun).

The “Grain” doll helps people to believe in distant rivers, and faith helps people to do everything necessary for a miraculous life.

The beginning of “Krupenichka” saved the high-value and rare harvest of buckwheat. Buckwheat is a very tasty crop, but it is very valuable, so the situation before it was special. Until the end of the 19th century, millet, peas, and wheat began to be harvested. “Zernovushki” and “Peas” appeared.

The basis of the preparation of ganchir doll could have been primarily ganchir, or it could have been grain (it was also called “Zernushka”), or ash taken from the so-called ancestral ash pit. This doll is an old-fashioned toy.

Lyalka "Podorozhnitsya" (Lyalka "At the Road")

The doll is very small, 3-5 cm, and can easily fit near the valley of the cherry. To fight in a shitless way. This little doll is a talisman for the mandrivnik in good health, and the little doll has croup for the little doll.

Another version of the lyalka - lyalka "On the Road to the Man":

This doll was taken by a squad of gentlemen on the road, when they headed off to the clearing and fishing. That one is quite small, dear. Vіn її їмав at the fist. At the vuzlik, the squad put ashes - a symbol of home rot, so that they could safely return to the booth, or a pea - so that they would never be in the dark! The doll “At the Road” is primarily twisted from fabric, only the hands are tied in the area of the neck and the stench is guilty of being for a long time and worn out from red matter, in the hands there is a bundle of “good”.

“Vesnyanka” is a small playful little doll from the valley. They paid them in the spring and gave them to the children on Great Day.

“Vesnyanka” is a doll on a string. On the street there was still a lot of brood and snow, and the child was draping a doll with a loop on her finger and leading it around like a doll. When it gets hot, you can hang your baby doll on the buzzer. The brooded doll was spat out during the day. I was afraid of the new one.

Lyalka "Pivnichna Bereginya"

The lyalka "Pivnichna Bereginya" is a talisman for the budinka.

They were placed at the pivnichny kut hati. She buried her and brought a good-bye to the cabin.

Lyalka "Day - Night"

“Day and Nich” - dolls-amulets of life. There were stinks in the Penza and Tambov provinces, as well as in the Volga region.

These are two absolutely new dolls, but one is made from white fabric (Day), and the other is made from blue (Nich).

During the day they put light in front, and at night it was dark. The dolls are knitted with one thread and a single whole composition.

First of all, a favorite toy is the same toy that is made with one’s own hands and soul;

In other words, the doll was always preserved at every home in the honor and inestimable place, protecting the home, family, children, bringing wealth, health and happiness to the home;

Thirdly, preparing doll amulets with my own strong hands (and a little with the help of my mother), I began to weave a braid-belt for dolls, understood the principle of making doll amulets and now I can independently make my own in a truly loving way lku.

I encourage all the boys to try to make a toy with their own hands!

Doslednitskaya work for 4th grade students “Lyalki from Grandma

screenshots."

“Baby dolls from grandma’s screen”

Zmist:

ENTRY…………………………………………………………………………………3

CHAPTER 1.

1.1 What does the word “lyalka” mean?.................................................. ................................4

1.2 History of the folk lyalka wine………………………………..4

ROZDIL 2.

2.1 See the dolls…………………………………………………………………………………6

ROZDIL 3.

3.1 Ganchirkov’s dolls in our hour………………………………………….9

VISNOVOK…………………………………………………………….11

REFERENCES….……………………………………………...12

SUPPLEMENT No. 1…………………………………………………………..13

SUPPLEMENT No. 2………………………………………………………..15

ADDENDUM No. 3………………………………………………………

ENTRY:

The world's interest in folk crafts is growing. And it turns out that if there is a gap in the soul of people, it is empty. And now there is a great need to store the vinyl. Our present-day duty is to know what kind of people's game it was, how it was played and what it meant, who have no less than a cognitive interest, and it is also natural for them to know and remember the past of their people.

The Russian doll is considered one of the most mysterious symbols of Russia. Not just a child’s toy, an unknown attribute of ancient rituals. Long ago, masters mastered the art of preparing such dolls, which absorbed all the cultural traditions of Russia.

It was believed that dolls, made with their own hands from available materials, possess magical powers. Our ancestors believed that dolls would drive away evil spirits and bring happiness to everyday life. Singingly, these little dolls were often worn like talismans.

My brain is meta - go through the history of the origins and significance of dolls, awaken children's interest in Russian culture and traditional folk dolls.

Zavdannyami given work:

learning the history of the folk lyalka;

selection of types of dolls;

you can often hear such a doll in everyday people’s everyday rooms;

Relevance My work is based on the fact that:

First of all, the doll is the image of the life of the Russian people.

In other words, the doll appeared a long time ago. She accompanied the people throughout their entire life, through various functions: rituals, cults, spirituality, and honor. And today’s interest in the doll has not faded, but much of the doll’s significance has been saved, we can find out in the course of our investigation.

Before methods, What I used for investigation can be summarized as follows:

analysis of publications and materials on the Internet; analysis of collected illustrations of dolls;

analysis of the phenomenon of the folk doll in my school with a questionnaire, and in older people with assisted nutrition.

Conducting my investigation, I would like to know that my yearlings know about such dolls, so that I can find out how the doll can be brought to children and adults.

CHAPTER 1.

1.1What does the word “lyalka” mean?

Starting my job, I first asked myself: what is this doll? For the meaning of the word “lyalka” I started searching the dictionary.

From Ozhegov's dictionary kilka meaning of this word:

Lyalka-1. Children's toys with the appearance of human figures. 2. at the theatrical display: a figure of a person or a creature, made from various materials and carved by an actor (carrier). 3. a figure that represents people on the outside growing up.

From Dahl's dictionary:

Lyalka- The toy is made from gancher, skin, broken paper, wood, something similar to a person, and sometimes a creature.

1.2HISTORY OF THE PEOPLE'S LYALKA VINERY

Right now I wanted to look deeper into history and wonder if a doll has appeared in Russia?

Since ancient times, the doll has been a traditional toy for the Russian people. The little girl wanted to grow up, because... Playing in them, the child learned to rule over the ruler, and found the image of her family.

Lyalka accompanied people from the people until death and was an indispensable attribute of any saints. The folk doll was not just a toy, it carried singing functions.

Most of the dolls in Russia were amulets. Stinks are prepared from natural materials that come from the forest: wood, vine, grass, straw. And this is not a bad thing, because the forest is the place of birth of the Russian people. Dolls made on the basis of a birch field are a talisman of family happiness. The wasp has always been considered to be a source of evil perfumes, so dolls made on the basis of the wasp act as amulets to ward off evil spirits.

A significant part of the dolls became ritual dolls.. Of course, ritual dolls cannot be treated like a child’s toy. Aje traditional doll, faceless doll. The exposure, as a rule, was not indicated; it was forfeited. In the villages they explained that it was simply inconceivable to paint the incrimination, but there were no such farbs. Ale sens nabagato glibshiy. The doll without a person was fascinated by an inanimate object, inaccessible to the infusion of evil, unkind forces, and therefore not harmful to the child. It is small to bring goodness, health, and joy to you. It’s a wonder: with so many little ganchers, without arms, without legs, without a designated appearance, the character of a doll is conveyed. Lyalka was rich and could laugh and cry.

Our ancestors lived happily, their lives were accompanied by saints and rituals, and in them one of the leading roles was always played Game dolls.

At the doll games, children spontaneously learned to sew, embroider, spin, and experience the traditional mysticism of clothing.

The need for sprinkling was clearly expressed in the game. Vaughn was one of those centuries-old treasures, with the help of whom the older generation could pass on, and the younger generation could accept, save and pass on an important part of the accumulated wealth of life.

The dolls were no less than girlish fun. All the children played until 7-8 o'clock, and before the stench they walked around in their shirts. As soon as the boys started wearing pants, and the girls started wearing pants, their game roles and the games themselves were quickly divided.

While the children were small, mothers, grandmothers, and older sisters sewed dolls for them. In five years, such a nursery could have been performed by any girl.

Mother's doll is the simplest depiction of a woman's figure. A piece of fabric, folded at the “rolling pin”, carefully covered with a linen white gantry garment, breasts with equal, tightly stuffed bags, a hair braid with a stitch woven into it and a braid with lined clips. Standing up as elders, the girls sewed dolls that were more intelligent, and sometimes they turned to the master, the women, whose dolls came out even like garni, and she beat them to do the washing.

The covers were embroidered or painted with olives, and in earlier days - with wugillas. They arranged the braid in a simple manner and wove the stitch into it, as if they were sewing a girl, and as if they were a woman, then they sorted out the trim in a proper way. They put it on beautifully, knit an apron and a belt over the shirt.

Smart children appreciated growing up. The doll was seen as a model of handicraft; often for get-togethers, the little girls would take the doll from the doll. They were judged about the craftsmanship and relish of their power. At the doll games, children spontaneously learned to sew, embroider, spin, and experience the traditional mysticism of clothing.

The toys were never stolen on the street, nor were they scattered around the house, but were kept in bags, boxes, and locked in screens. They took it to the stubble and for a get-together. The little dolls were allowed to visit their brothers, they were placed in the camp. They allowed the “young people” to play, who came to the hut of the named after the party, and even after 14 years of life. She wanted them on the hills and secretly played with them. The elder one was his father-in-law, and he sternly ordered the women not to laugh at the young woman. Then the dolls passed on to the children.

All rural rituals were played out at the frog's fun. The most fun is a particularly hostile, tractable and beautiful Russian folk ritual. In many Russian fairy tales, charming dolls and helpers come together and help the heroes.

There were massacres in Russia, but the skin had little significance.

ROZDIL 2

2.1 SEE THE DOLL

According to their functions, dolls are divided into three great groups: dolls - amulets, games and rituals.

Lyalki - amulets

A talisman is an amulet or a charm that protects people from various troubles, as well as an object for which a spell is cast and which is worn on the body as a talisman.

One of the oldest protective dolls of our ancestors is the Eye of God, or the Eye of God.

The cross-like composition conveys the idea of expanding the forces of good or the forces that protect on all sides of the world.

It used to be important to hang over a child’s stomach Kuvatka, she brings out the power of evil.

The doll was stolen from the birthday present Angelyatko.

Bereginya- This is a symbol of a woman’s cob.

Buli and amulets for an hour. Day and night- two little angels: one made of dark fabric, the other made of light fabric.

Another "twist" called Baba girl.

Rivno river was released to the amulet, which was called " 12 feverish women".

Dzvinochok is a doll of good news.

Batkivshchina tsієї lyalki – Valdai. The ringing of the ringing protects people from the plague and other terrible illnesses.

Girlfriend - doll Bazhana - was at the village with the skin girl.

At the Holy Paraskevi, the women were busily preparing a large doll. Paraskevi Friday.

Fatty-Kostromushka(protection from self-reliance)

Game dolls

Play dolls were intended for children. The stinks were of sewn and burned. The bellowed dolls struggled without heads and threads. A thick ball of cloth was wrapped around a wooden stick, and then tied with a skein. Then, until this point, sticks were used to tie the head with the arms and dress it in a shaggy robe.

The descendants respect that the earliest among the traditional game burning dolls in Russia was the doll "polino"

Bunny on your finger They beat the children from three rocks, so that the stink of a friend, a spivrozmovnik. The bunny puts it on his finger and it’s all right with you.

Brought to the play-ignited dolls dolls - twists, which were prepared very simply.

The most simply burned doll is the doll Barina, which was based in the Ephraim district of the Tula province.

Lyalka "on a whirlwind" was a play sewing doll. Vaughn sewed for girls up to 12 years old and was trained in sewing and needlework.

Ritual dolls

The Russian land is rich in rituals. The ritual dolls were paraded around and placed near the hut, near the red bank. The stench is not ritually significant.

1. Vepska lyalka (cabbage, jerky)- this is a ritual doll, which symbolizes family and prosperity.

2 . Ritual Bagatoruk Lyalka Ten-handle.

3 . And in order to ensure that the budinka had a sieve and plenty of it, the mistress’s budinka robbed a doll grain, or else krupenichka.

4 . Ritual doll Pokosnitsa portrayed a woman at the hour of harvest.

5. Lyalka Kupavka- this is a ritual doll for one day. "Kupavka" meant the cob of kupan.

6. Kolyada- the Slovenian holy winter sunflower and, perhaps, the same deity.

7. Ritual doll Maslyana They chopped the chili out of straw, and then tied the tree with vikory - a thin birch burr.

8. Vesnyanka (Avdotya-vesnivka)

The dolls are stoneflies that look like two anthropomorphic figures, tied with a stitch, adding to the symbolism of the saint.

Previously, dolls were an indispensable attribute of the ritual of “invoking” spring, in which young people and children took part.

10. Lyalka Mogiliv-Podilsky.

11. In some provinces there was a doll Goat.

Its base is made of wood, and its muzzle, horns, and beard are made of straw. 12. Ash doll given to the young for fun.

13. Lovebirds. The man and the squad are two halves of one whole, but they are inseparable. For whose sake the doll was given.

14. Lyalka "Light Tree" It is prepared without stitching, “so that luckily you can’t sew it up.”

15. Acts of ritual dolls Likuvalnye.

Tse Kozma ta Dem'yan. They were prepared from medicinal herbs: trees, chamomile and other herbs.

Kubashka-herbalist

This doll is covered with rich medicinal grass. You need to crush the doll in your hands, turn it, and a herbal spirit, like the spirit of illness, will spread throughout the room. After 2 rocks, the grass in the bed needs to be changed. This is how our ancestors did it themselves.

A traditional toy in the everyday life of the Russian village has been the doll for many rural families since ancient times. In other booths, up to a hundred of them accumulated. Also, the skin homeland had amulets and ritual dolls.

ROZDIL 3

3.1 NAUGHTY DYAL IN OUR HOUR

The results of the survey that was conducted among my yearlings.

One of the methods of collecting information during the investigation was a questionnaire survey of my same-year-olds. Processing and analysis of the extracted data allowed me to develop ideas about the place of the doll in the life of a daily person.

For the questionnaire, we took 7 questions. 25 individuals suffered the fate of Zagalom in the internment.

(Div. supplement No. 1)

Visnovki from the questionnaire can be used:

Most children know about folk dolls, but not everyone has such a doll at home.

If guys at home make such a doll, then in most cases it is just a toy.

Not all children like a gancher doll, but they respect that there is nothing special about such a doll.

The gancher's doll is due to those who are so self-motivated, beautiful, funny, playful and you can play with her.

When asked “What kind of bark does the doll bring?”, the children said that the doll protects the baby, protects and protects from evil spirits, develops small children: teach them to decorate, sew, take care of toys. Baby dolls develop fine motor skills of the baby.

Incubation of people of the older age.

During my investigation, I asked myself: “What kind of dolls did our grandmothers have?”

I fed 15 people with 65-80 years. (Div. supplement No. 2)

Most of the episodes I experienced were old grandmothers and they told me that their toys were given to them by their older sisters and mothers. When the stinkers grew older, they began to work on the dolls themselves. Grandmothers of 70-80 years old told me that they had dolls made from straw and, for example, a polish. Grandmothers of 65 years later confirmed that their mothers gave them toys. They told me what the stench of the maistrins was, and what the stench of the sultry dolls was. Less than 15% Babus Mali at home lyalki amulets.

I would like to know that our grandmothers and great-grandmothers have more than play dolls, less than guards.

Now, at our hour, people are once again turning to amulets, buying everyday amulets-toys. Believe in those who protect their homeland and everyday life with these amulets. Some mothers, whose little children have trouble sleeping, crying a lot, robbing their children of dolls - sleeplessness. For fun they give lovebirds to the young, who have made their own lives.

VISNOVOK

For example, I asked: “Why did I need this robot?”, “What did you teach me?”

First of all, since I’ve been a creative person, I’ve learned a lot of new things, green and brown. Even though this topic stuck with me for a long time, I often asked myself how I was picking up evidence as a result of working on this topic. It was important to me, but I wanted to know and see the headache in the great world of information. I think that since I haven’t got it all figured out, it’s not scary, even if I’m less aware of it.

What did the robot give me? I learned to analyze and analyze. I would like to point out that a great reward has arisen for the work of pre-surveillance activities.

I learned that the doll is a sign of a person, a game image-symbol. Dolls are not just toys, but close friends. In games with dolls, children begin to play, imagine, create, show mercy, and train their memory. The main thing in these games is emotional contact with the doll. Children don’t just call to the dolls - they become attached to them like living beings and are painfully separated from them.

As a result, within an hour my work achieved the following:

bula vivchena history of traditional Russian folk lyalka and its types

mastered Viconnian technology;

prepared images;

a master class was held;

The practical application of my work can be found out during lessons in junior classes, and in school classes after school; news about dolls at preschool centers. I could also recognize the grown-ups who can cluck like a gancher doll.

I want to continue cooking the dolls and learn more about them. I want to conduct more creative activities with the younger classes, dedicated to the dolls and teach the boys how to prepare activities from them.

I respect that there is a wide variety of dolls in the world: from wood and matter, from clay and straw, from gum and plastic. Their names are different. And the dolls from our past will be relevant from now on.

REFERENCES

Dine, G.L. Russian doll. Culture, traditions, technology [Text]/G.L. Dine, M.M. Dine. - M.: Culture and traditions, 2007.

E.V. Berstenova, N.V. Dogayeva, “Lyalkova skrinka”, Bile Misto, 2010.

N.V.Shaidurova, “Traditional doll”, Ditinstvo-press, 2011.

Zimina, Z.I. Textile ritual dolls [Text]/Z.I. Zimina.

Encyclopedia of children's folklore “Ladushki”, Bile Misto, 2008.

Kotova, I.M. Russian rituals and traditions. Narodna lyalka [Text]/I.M. Kotova, A.S. Kotova. - St. Petersburg, Paritet, 2003.

Narodna lyalka: [Electronic resource] //vedjena.gallery.ru.

Russian ritual dolls : [Electronic resource] // Club.osinka.ru.

Manual robot: Electronic resource]:///handmade.idvz.ru.

SUPPLEMENT No. 1

Results of the survey conducted among my yearlings

Table No. 1

Table No. 2

Table No. 3

What is it, what?

Table No. 4

Do you deserve such a doll?

Table No. 5

Why do you deserve this?

Table No. 6

How do you respect, how does Lyalka bring bark?

Table No. 7

What kind of dolls do you like and what kind do you have in your home?

Questionnaire

Do you know any folk dolls?

Types of subjects tested: a) So – 76% of children; b) Ні – 24%

Why do you have such a doll in your house?

Types: a) Yes – Yes, 15 children out of 25 (60%)

b) Ні – 10 osіb (40%)

What is it, what?

Types: a) Oberig – 5 individuals (20%)

b) Just a game – 15 items (60%)

c) more – 5 items (20%)

Do you deserve such a doll?

Types: a) So – 20 individuals (80%); b) Ні – 0%

c) Nothing special – 5 items (20%)

What do you deserve?

Types: a) Myaka is self-robust – 5 individuals (20%)

b) Beautiful – 9 points (36%)

C) You can gratify with it – 5 osіb (20%)

D) Mishna ta tsikava – 3 individuals (12%)

D) No species – 3 individuals (12%)

How do you think Lyalka should bring the bark?

Species: a) Preserves young – 4 individuals (16%)

b) Protects and protects the house – 6 individuals (24%)

c) abducts people from evil spirits – 6 individuals (24%)

d) Vaughn develops small children – 3 individuals (12%)

e) I don’t know – 6 people (24%)

What kind of dolls do you like and what kind do you have in your home?

Types: a) Charms: brownie, willow – 5 special (20%)

b) Baby Bon, Brats dolls, Vinx dolls – 13 individuals (52%)

c) There are no dolls – 7 individuals (28%)

Well, bachimo, the doll has not lost its significance in the world.

SUPPLEMENT No. 2

Incubation of people in 65-80 years

Table No. 1

Do you know any gancher dolls?

Table No. 2

Do you have such a doll in your house?

Table No. 3

Tse bula lyalka

Table No. 4

Why was that one crushed?

Who gave you this toy?

Table No. 5

ADDENDUM No. 3.

1. Amulet dolls

God eye

Kuvatka

Z and two years before the birth of the child, the mother placed such a doll as a talisman near the pram. When the fathers went to the field to work, and the child was alone in the hut, she marveled at the little dolls and calmly played.

Angelyatko

E
It’s simple, but very cute, the doll is a talisman that lived in the rich provinces of Russia. They were prepared using the ancient traditional technology, with just a clasp of light fabric, scissors and thread under your hand. This doll is made from four squares of fabric. The largest square is used to make the head and the coat, the two smaller ones are for the wing and the very small one is for the halo.

Day and night

The stench is connected by a double-colored thread and is inseparable; during the day they placed one in front, at night - another.

D Evka-baba

Having served as wine for the game, in the process, a village girl learned what the traditional dress of a girl and a married woman was.

Before
bitch fever

They robbed him from the sight of 12 figurines suspended on a red thread above the kidney, in order to catch the shaking demons that bring illnesses, whose names were Decrepit, Stupid, Looking, Lenya, Nemea, Ledea, Shaking, Dozing, Fire I, Vitreya, Yellow. On the 15th of today, the skin protection was replaced with a new one.

Before
ukla Dzvinochok

This little doll is cheerful, shy, and brings joy and merriment to the booths. This protects the good mood. By bestowing the Bell, people encourage their friends to cut out unnecessary stress and encourage a new joyful and cheerful mood.

Lyalka Bezsonnya

Before When, for no apparent reason, the mother began to cry, in order to calm him down and protect him from evil spirits, Shvidko grabbed the baby doll with 2 cloth clasps and put it in the pram, saying:

Sleepy-sleepless,

Don't bother me with my child,

And touch this little doll.

Such a doll was lost from the budinka the other day

AND elannitsa

There was a village near a skin girl. There is no need to show it to anyone. You used to wish for a bead on the cloth of a gift, for example, and hold the mirror up to the revelation: “Wonder how beautiful you are. And then you hide your girlfriend in a quiet place for the time being... You may not believe it, but everything you asked for came to an end.

Before Paraskeva corner

She became the patroness of weaving,

spinning and other household work.

Fatty-Kostromushka

This little doll is a guardian of self-esteem. At the budinka, where they are already checking and begging the child, bula tya lyalka. They placed them in front of the bedroom on a private place. As soon as the child appeared, the little people said: “The children have appeared - the fire has begun.”

2. Game dolls

Before ukla- “polіno”

There was the simplest depiction of a female figure. Tulub - a piece of fabric, folded over a rolling pin, carefully covered with linen gantry. Kudelna, or hair braid. Breasts filled with cotton bags. The costume, as a rule, was not removed from the doll.

Bunny on your finger

Z The little egg fits on your finger and it’s all right with you. Fathers used to give this toy to children when they left the house, and because it’s boring or scary, you can turn to a friend, talk to him, laugh, or just play. This is both a friend and a protector. Children are very sensitive and in love with their games, they develop a contentious soul, open up and talk as if they were a living person.

Before
twists

І
The preparation was very simple. Tulub is a piece of fabric, twisted along its axis and fastened with thread.

Lyalka lady

They were prepared for children of the younger age. The head was cut into a tulub, covered with a white cloth and bandaged in three places, then they took a long layer, covered part of the tulub, bandaged it, and strengthened the head. The excess fabric from both sides was cut into three parts and the pussies were plaited - the hands were. The doll was covered with a sleeping bag and an apron, and a braid was tied on her head.

Lyalka "on a whirlwind""

About Then the girls helped prepare clothes for their older sisters, learning about traditional types of clothes, and at the same time choosing clothes for their own clothes. The little girl wanted to make a baby doll sooner, so she could show her knowledge of the costume.

3. Ritual dolls

U epska lyalka (cabbage, jerky)

With this doll, they followed the ritual inspection of the boys: they marveled at how the lad took the doll, for which he was so respectful, as he looked. As the boy and his doll were bred, the older women marveled at his readiness to become friends. The doll is prepared from linen and wool fabrics. Spin the doll without letting go of your hands until the rest of the asshole. When prepared, the dolls for many years were not cut with a knife and scissors, manually tearing the fabric into small pieces of the required size.

Bagatoruk doll Ten-handled.

E They were given straw on the 14th anniversary of the Intercession, if they were imprisoned for handicraft. The prepared vikorist has threads of red color, which is gentle. 9 red thread-bows are tied around the bottom of the sundress. The doll was intended to help girls who were preparing their work, and women in various activities, such as weaving, sewing, embroidery, and knitting. Traditionally, after cooking, it was immediately burned. The doll "Ten Hands" is given for fun, so that the woman can comprehend everything, so that she has everything in order.

grain, or else krupenichka.

They were robbed after the birth. The basis of the doll is a bag of grains collected from the field. They stuffed them with cut grains. The woman also gave birth to this doll in order to have children.

Pokosnitsa

She portrayed a woman at the hour of the harvest.

Before packing

They were floated on the water, and with ribbons tied to their hands, they took away human illnesses and misfortunes - such was the significance given to the purifying power of the water. This lyalka is holy Agrafeni Bathing suit and Ivan Kupala.

Before oljada

The Holy Day of Kolyada, with its merriment and optimism, expressed the faith of ancient Russian pagans in the inevitability of the victory of the good over the forces of evil. To help Kolyada overcome and drive out evil spirits, they celebrated the day of the Holy Day, sang and danced around them.

Homemade Maslyana

Before The doll was decorated with stitches and pieced flowers. They placed the dishes on their hands, which were used in the preparation of the mlintz, and hung them with braids, tying as people wished for a bajan. Use braids to make the butter boil and burn at the same time.

U esnyanka (Avdotya-vesnivka)

Spring began to sprout on the day of the Spring Eid. This is yet another turning point in the folk calendar. Ptah is the symbol of this saint. Sleeping birds are whistles, like children whistling, calling to Spring - Red. The dolls are stoneflies that look like two anthropomorphic figures, tied with a stitch, adding to the symbolism of the saint.

M artinichki

These dolls were an indispensable attribute of the ritual of “invoking” spring, in which young people and children took part. Dolls were knitted in pairs: with white threads - a symbol of winter, as you know, with red threads - a symbol of spring and hot sun.

Lyalka Ryabinka

About tied to a tree with a pea. The name day of the gorobin tree was celebrated several times on the river. In the spring, on the fourth birthday, when the fruits were ripe, they harvested the doll. As a sign of shunvannya, as amulets, they gave birth to the great Yuletide doll Ryabinka.

Before Moskovka street.

Insha called the Lyalki “Syoma Ya” (homeland). The doll carries six children, tied to the waist or tied with a belt. Tselyalka is a symbol of maternal turbot and care. Just as mothers love and worry about their children, so mothers love their children, no matter how much they were not there.

Before ukla Goat.

The “Goat” doll was a symbol of life’s strength and this strength was small to bring the owner’s house and land, his field, so that bread would be born more quickly.

Ash doll

This is an ancient symbol of the continuation of the family, a mediator between those who are alive on earth and the kingdom of the dead.

N
Erozluchniki.

The man and the squad are two halves of one whole, but they are inseparable. In the Russian merry tradition, on the side of the merry train, which was carrying a young couple to the bride's day after the wedding in the church, a pair of dolls were suspended under the arc of the harness: the doll of the Bride and the doll of the Betrothed .

Light tree life,

Before The “Light Tree” pattern is prepared without stitching, “so that luckily you won’t sew it up.” The friends quilted one by one, so that the ritual figurines would not come out at the same time. After the fun, the light tree took almost its place in the house next to other dolls that are preserved in the family.

Before Ozma and Dem'yan.

They were prepared from medicinal herbs: trees, chamomile and other herbs. The stench brought goodness and health to the daytime.

Before killer herbalist

Kubachka-Travnitsa should follow this, so that the ailment does not penetrate to the budinka. She exudes warmth, like a gentle lady. There is illness from evil spirits, and goodness from the soul. They were hung in a booth over the baby's wheel. The doll was given to children. They also put a bed on the sick man.

Chastina Marina

“Whoever doesn’t get into a doll is not happy,” says popular wisdom. The children played at Lyalka's before, they play today and they play again. You can talk about the doll, love it, carry it in a carriage, cover it, wrap it up, dress it up. There you can become a friend, sister, donka. The chosen theme struck us as the fact that the doll is the oldest and most popular toy. Even the dolls themselves can tell us about the life of our ancestors, their culture and traditions.

Meta research: The traditional significance of dolls and their connections is based on folk traditions.

Project manager:

· Get to know the history of the folk lyalka wine;

· See the types of folk dolls and their production technologies;

· Prepare traditional folk dolls;

· Make current children aware of our research.

Relevance of the investigation: We think that the topic of a creative project is even more important, because every person wants to know the culture and traditions of their people.

Vantage:

Forward view:

To quickly see your presentation in advance, create your own Google account and go to: https://accounts.google.com

Captions before slides:

Vikonala: 8th grade student Chashchina Marina Kerivnik: Kuppa Tetyana Ivanivna Head Directorate of Education and Youth Policy of the Altai Territory Craiova State Treasury Special (Corrective) Educational Installation for Students, Students and Others health opportunities "Altay region special (correction)" m. Barnaul 2013 r_k

Research meta: The importance of dolls and their connections with folk traditions.

Objectives of the project: - learn about the history of the traditional winery; - learn about the types of folk dolls and the technologies of their preparation; - prepare traditional folk dolls; - Make current children aware of our research.

There is no time left for the folk game, and it will, as before, find its way to the hearts of children and adults.

І acquisition of literature and identification of stolen information; - caution; - Sociological experience.

Excursion into history

Dolls-amulets of the Game Rituals

Protective dolls - the dolls they created to protect and help themselves, the children they gave for the journey. Amulets, protect us, lead us to the meeting. Lyalki - pelyushki Vepska doll Lyalka “Day” and “Nich”

Angel Bunny Stovpchik Volodymyrivsky

What kind of toys do you have? Name: Barbie, Bratz, Moxie, Baby Bon 28% Plush toys 35% Toy soldiers 13% Construction set 24% Cars 9% Robots 17% Computer games 35%

Do you like toys you made with your own hands? So 69% and 31% What kind of folk dolls do you see? Motanka 25% Matryoshka 25% Maslyana 30%

Which of them do you love the most?

As a result of our research, we learned about the history of the appearance of the folk doll, its significance and its production technology. They conducted an experiment and found out that all the children were playing near the doll; they didn’t know much about folk games.

“This is the land in which people remember their passing, the year of the future”

Vikonala: Irina Kudinova is a 4th grade student. Kerivnik: Dvoynenko Olena Volodymyrivna

Meta research:

Awareness and preparation of dolls-amulets.

Zavdannya:

get acquainted with the history of the vine-amulet dolls;
collect information about dolls-amulets of different nations;
Show others how you can make such a doll.

The following were victorized on the project: last methods:

familiarity with specialized literature, Russian folk tales and information on the Internet with these topics;
sociological research and analysis of results;
conversation with the master-lyar;
Master class from the preparation of a doll-amulet.

Vantage:

Forward view:

Municipal Zagalnosvitny Mortgage

Secondary dark-illuminated school No. 9, Nadima metro station

"Lyalki-amulets"

Vikonala: Kudinova Irina Oleksiivna

4th grade student, Municipal Educational Institution Zosh No. 9.

Kerivnik: Dvoynenko Olena Volodymyrivna

reader of cob classes

Nadeem - 2013

Entry 3

1. What is a doll? 4

2. Questionnaire 4

3. See ganchir dolls. 5

4. Dolls-amulets of different nations and the magic of dolls-amulets 6

5. And my friend’s doll 7

Visnovok 8

Literature and other literature 9

Enter

The fairy knew her right, and, flying in the sky,
Day and night, hour after hour, tiny miracles,
The fairy of dolls made, strutted, chucked,
Everything she was touching came to life and was thrown into disrepair.
And in her hands they heard the dolls of the soul.
Even dolls share similarities with humans.
And then the fairy distributed her trophies to people.
That's why I'm sorry, so that I can always remember my childhood.
Larisa Rubalska

(SLIDE 1) The tradition of decorating the body with amulets - decorated wreaths, garlands, spoons, apparently, has been echoed by the ancient Slovenian peoples. People believed that there was a house-elf living in the little cabin, who needed to be appeased, so that the doll would take away all the ailments. This glorious tradition is still alive and has become one of the main themes of folk crafts.

(SLIDE 2) Research meta:

Awareness and preparation of dolls-amulets.

Zavdannya:

get acquainted with the history of the vine-amulet dolls;
collect information about dolls-amulets of different nations;
Show others how you can make such a doll.

The following were victorized on the project:last methods:

familiarity with specialized literature, Russian folk tales and information on the Internet with these topics;
sociological research and analysis of results;
conversation with the master-lyar;
Master class from the preparation of a doll-amulet.

What is a lyalka?

Conducting my investigation, I turned to the encyclopedic resources to answer the question: What is this doll?In the dictionary of Russian Z.I. Ozhegov explains that the doll is just a child’s toy, just like human figurines. According to the thoughts of other people: archaeologists, mystical scholars - this is a figurine of a person, but it’s not a child’s toy.

While working on the project, I realized that the doll was stuck for the sake of people in the face of illness and severe troubles, they called it. bereginya or protector. This is the doll the mother gave to her daughter for fun. This is confirmed by the Russian folk tale “Vasilisa the Beautiful”.

Listen to a lesson from the fairy tale “Vasilisa is Beautiful” (SLIDE 3):

U He is alive in the kingdom - formerly a merchant.

D He has been alive for nineteen years with his lover and has only one daughter, Vasilisa the Beautiful.

Before If the mother died, the girlhood was completely at risk.

U My dears, the merchant's wife called her daughter to her, pulled out a doll from under the carpet, gave it to her and said:

Z luhai , Vasilisushka! Remember and remember the rest of my words. I’m dying and at the same time, with my father’s blessings, I’ll deprive you of your baby; keep it with you and don’t show it to anyone; and if you feel like grief, let her eat and sleep with her for her sake. Let me go and tell you how to help the misfortunes.

The dolls were registered in the Russian hut all their lives and protected the rulers from misfortunes. They collected dolls not only from gantry, but also from clay, wood, brushes, straw, thread and yarn from sire. I really wanted to create such a doll-amulet myself. It’s more important that in front of me there was the butt of my mother – the master of making dolls.

Questionnaire.

I respect my work because I wanted to learn how to play this toy myself, and to teach others. Right away, I wanted to become a member of my classmates, so I wouldn’t know about the “amulet doll” (SLIDE 4-5). For which we provided a lot of food, as evidence was required. We filled out the questionnaire until we turned on the power:

Our survey included girls and boys from the fourth grades of our school, 69 people in total.

The results of the survey are presented in tables and in diagrams.

On the 3rd and 4th days, it is important for most respondents to complete the survey. On the 4th meal, 7 out of 69 individuals associated their response with negativity to the dolls. At 5 meals or 7 people were able to overtake the sight of dolls-amulets.

See ganchir dolls.

I was pleasantly pleased that most of the respondents were interested in “amulet dolls”, so I can recognize the history of the appearance of such dolls, which are seen in different nations, the technology of its preparation, and learn how to prepare such dolls yourself what to teach the boys from our class.

(SLIDE 6) The doll is one of the oldest toys. The first dolls appeared in Egypt. They had loose hair, straight hair, arms and legs. There was a great variety of dolls in the ancient world. Greek children played with the Trojan horse, filled with soldiers and officers. Greek and Roman dolls were made partly of wax, partly of clay, and sometimes brightly painted.

Among the Russian rural families, the game of dolls was not respected as a fun sport. Lyalki gave one to one as a sign of love and friendship. Mostly they were Lyalkas, Wikonans in the traditions that had developed among the people.

(SLIDE 7) All dolls were divided into three great groups: amulets, games, rituals.

(SLIDE 8) All the dolls were faceless. The doll without a person was fascinated by an inanimate object, inaccessible to the infusion of evil, unkind forces, and therefore not harmful to the child. It is small to bring goodness, health, and joy to you. The toys were never stolen on the street, nor were they scattered around the house, but were kept in bags, boxes, and locked in screens. They took it to the stubble and for a get-together. The little dolls were allowed to visit their brothers, they were placed in the camp.

(SLIDE 9) Acquaintance with the doll began as a child. Two years before the baby’s birth, the mother made a protective doll for the pram and these little dolls for the baby. The child is growing up and playing with her little talisman. And the little doll keeps an eye on him. It’s amazing: the character of a doll is conveyed from so many ganchers, without arms, without legs, without a designated appearance. Lyalka is rich, you can laugh and cry.

Dolls-amulets of different peoples and the magic of dolls-amulets.

(SLIDE 10) Before you is a doll-amulet of the ancient peoples. In some northern provinces, the traditional sundress and hard kokoshnik were decorated with pearls. (SLIDE 11) And the authorities have a riotous attitude towards the costume of the village women of the Ryazan province. Traditional Nenetska The doll Nuhuko, for example, labored with the kachina job, which replaced her head, and the dead dolls labored with the logs, wrapping them with a piece of fabric. And the Maris sang their toys resolutely in the canvas. Tsikavimi boules dolls common acne . The basis of these dolls is a bunch of arrows, on which a shirt is covered and pieces of fabric are burnt.

(SLIDE 12) Ganchirka unstitched dolls-twists are the most widespread type of children's dolls-swirls. The stench is simple from the prepared ones: they were made from gantry, burned in a tight tube-roller, the arms and legs were seven days old. The stability of the doll was reached by the frame of the tight base. The head was visible at the base behind an additional thread that pulled the roller at the place of the neck, and the head was not specially shaped. Risi individuals were also not identified.

The skin of the doll was endowed with magic.(SLIDE 13)

Ten-handle helps his boss cope with the great number of robots. The girlfriends gave such little dolls as a cheerful gift to the bridegrooms, so that the young hospodarok would quarrel with each other.

grain - Her mother’s body poured grain after the harvest, and then the pot-bellied little doll was placed on the screens of the comor, so that the future harvest would be even richer.

Lyalka-Kubishka From a penny in a voluminous little body-bag they were given for Christmas. It was important that she would attract wealth to the household. They put quite a few pennies in the Cup, and filled it with fragrant herbs. You remember this kind of herbal tushka, and the forest aroma spreads throughout the house.

Lyalok - Kapustok Panyankas were made on display and placed near the windows, signaling their readiness for delivery. Such dolls needed to be attracted to the most enviable names.

Day and night – two dolls of different colors (black and white) were knitted with one skein and hung up to the ceiling. The stench protected family life and the inner light of their rulers.

Author's dolls. (SLIDE 14)

Author's dolls are handmade dolls that are usually produced in a single copy. These unique dolls are made entirely by hand and are suitable for collection.I talked a lot with my mother, the master-lachnik, and asked for information about the question:

1. Yak Vi became a master-lyar?

2. How many toys are in your collection?

I asked my mother to show me how the doll-amulet is prepared.

My mother started sewing dolls quite recently, because she had been wanting to learn this craft for a long time. My mother has more than 20 dolls in her collection. And you will continue to work on new copies. For me, my mother held a master class and taught me the secrets of her mastery.

The axis of such a mother-mistress Bereginya came out of me! And now you will have it. Take care and take care! Well, your devil will protect you.So that your little doll becomes a real nurse, come up with a name for her, and something that none of your relatives and friends have. Otherwise, the lady will take on the problems of the people after whom you were named. And then, obviously, I’ll pass them on to you.

Visnovok. (SLIDE 16)

During the hour of investigation, I drank my liquor while working. It was very interesting to get excited about the names and meanings of dolls - amulets. I’m really glad that I started making dolls with my own hands. I would like to give this doll to my family and friends. And learn even more about this folk tradition, and also learn how to play a variety of games.

Visnovok. Having finished this work, I would like to say about those that I have learned a lot about, learned myself and have taught so far to a small group of children to prepare their own doll-amulet. Come, I’ll teach you the same.

List of Wikoritan literature:

Lyalki. Author T.M. Tkachuk, M.: AST: Polygraphizdat, 2011
Original dolls with your own hands by A. Zaitsev. -M: Eksmo, 2010
Robimo dolls/Trans. from IT.-M.: Publishing House "Niola-Pres", 2012
http://www.gnozis.info/?q=book/export/html/4129
http://www.slavyanskaya-kultura.ru/art/trade/slavjanskie-kukly-oberegi.html
http://www.tvoyhram.ru/master_znaki/Z05/05.sl_oberegi/Z05o.004.html
http://www.gnozis.info/?q=book/export/html/4124