What are spicy herbs. How to create a fragrant bed of herbs at the cottage

Spices are a way to diversify your diet, because the same dish can be completely different in taste, if you apply different seasonings separately or in mixtures. If you decide to grow perennial herbs in the country, you will receive an exceptionally fragrant garden.

Most of the spicy herbs   can be grown in different climates. And since it is quite simple, even a novice in country affairs will cope with the landing. It is necessary to grow parsley, marjoram, mint and other spices on a raised grass bed, but a border and a mixed bed will work as well. An excellent place can also be compartments with fixed brick or wooden walls. Planting spices is carried out by seeds or seedlings.

Planting and growing spices

Before planting herbs, you must prepare land plot. You can grow greens without the use of stimulants. Enough soil with good drainage, several hours of sunlight, timely collection to maintain compact size and replace the plant every few years. Controlling size is especially important for fast-growing plants like mint.

Almost all spices can be grown by sowing seeds in open ground, but experienced gardeners recommend purchasing ready-made seedlings in garden centers. Rosemary is purchased in a single copy, as it is shrub grass. Smaller herbs, such as parsley, will be needed in larger quantities.

Spice beds are better placed closer to home. This is due solely to the convenience of urgent collection, as they say, "to the table."

Use and storage of herbs

The choice of herbs depends on taste preferences and further use. It is important to harvest in time for immediate use and for drying for the future, as all spices are used in fresh and dry form.

To dry herbs can be bunches, hanging or spreading a thin layer on a tray. The temperature in the room should be at least 26 degrees. After the first stage of drying, herbs can be left at room temperature for 10 days, until they become brittle. It is recommended to store such seasonings in containers without air access in a dark place.

Another relatively new way to store herbs is freezing. You can also use for this purpose ice molds. It is enough to throw a similar cube into the dish during cooking to add flavor.

Types of perennial herbs

Often the names of spices are identical as when grown, so when used in cooking. Many of them we use almost every day. Others are for festive meals.

Dill is a rather familiar spicy herb that blooms in the middle of summer. Does not like transplants, so it is recommended to sow it on a permanent sunny place. The soil should be well drained and moistened during droughts. Seeds are harvested from umbellate inflorescences, and young leaves are used for cooking. After drying, the aroma is preserved.

Light aroma of anise can be obtained using chervil. This is a fairly gentle fast-growing grass. It is possible to collect leaves from it eight weeks later after sowing. Just like dill, needs watering. Perfectly complements the first dishes, as well as fish and eggs.

Fennel is a high perennial spicy herb (about one and a half meters), which is often confused with vegetables. You also need to sow it on a sunny place, but it will be better to grow if you buy ready-made seedlings. It has a very bright aroma, ideal for cooking of fatty fish.

Many familiar small shoots of chives, which can be collected from early spring to mid-autumn. It is suitable for a wet and well-lit bed. It is used only in fresh form, as it loses its properties when dried.

Marjoram is annual and perennial. The latter is best planted in the form of seedlings. Spice is ideal for cooking poultry or meat.

Mint grows on almost all types of soil. In the winter, you need to dig it up and re-plant in the spring. Fresh and dried mint is used for a variety of dishes and drinks.

Fragrant sage prefers well-drained areas with plenty of sunshine. It can be grown on mixed beds, as one bush will be enough for fresh use. This spice dries longer than others, but it can be stored for up to a year.

Tarragon is used in French cuisine for cooking fish and chicken dishes, as well as for marinades. In winter, bushes must be insulated. For storage, you can dry or freeze, in both cases the flavor is preserved.

Rosemary likes drained soil, grows well in the vicinity of other herbs. It is an addition to meat dishes (pork, veal), but be sure to remove after cooking.

Great morning dacha, breakfast, the whole family, great mood! What will you drink at breakfast? Bought tea in the store? And this is a live cottage? Dear gardeners - do not frighten us, let's grow our own, and most importantly, useful tea in a herbal bed! Moreover, it will not take a lot of space, and we promise you beauty, aesthetics and medicinal herbs in the garden!

By the way, if you don’t have a dacha, then all this beauty can be grown on the windowsill, you only need to stock up with 15 small pots, and you can reduce the amount by combining planting healthy herbs.

Most of our herbs for the garden are completely unpretentious and will take you some space. We offer a ready-made planting scheme using pots and containers that can be moved from place to place. In addition, according to our scheme of spicy herbs in the garden, you should not think about the compatibility of plants, and their growth.

You can buy seeds of medicinal and spicy herbs at any specialty store, by the way, and in ours they are. Below is a list.

It is better to plant these plants at the same time during the May-July period. For homemade tea, collect fresh leaves and flowers, and you can also prepare for other times of the year, having dried them or having made them.

How to plant a grass bed

On the plot, allocate yourself 1.5 square meters, or how much you can pick out and start planting herbs in your garden. Divide your square into four identical zones, as in our figure. The central pot will be 40-50 cm in diameter, the size of the side pots will be 25-30 cm.

All these herbs for your garden love a good sun and neutral soil, for example, you can use the universal Gardener soil. Make sure that the pots are with drainage holes. Also, once a month, feed the plants, and by the winter you can bring the pots into the room and continue to grow healthy herbs already on the windowsill or on the balcony.

The scheme of planting herbs in the garden

1. Basil. This is not only a spicy herb in the garden, but also an excellent ingredient for tea. Plant 1 plant in a central pot. Basil will give the tea a pink color and light peppery notes. Tea with basil drink with bloating and gastric disorders. If there is no appetite, then also try basil tea, if insomnia or stress is his. You can offer basil seeds:

Basil Clove flavor from NK
Basil variety Dwarf from Aelita
Basil Table from NK
Basil Caramel from Gavrish
Basil Perfection by Aelita
Basil Anise aroma from NK
Basil Basilisk of Gavrish - author's series
Violet Basil from Prestige brand

3. Garden mint   - another one medicinal herb   in the garden. Plant 3 plants in one pot. Tea with garden mint has a good spicy smell and helps a lot with the disorder of the digestive tract. All kinds of mint have agromarky Russian Garden.

4. Geranium or Felt Pelargonium. Plant 1 plant in a central pot. The Middle Ages enthusiastically spoke of the properties of geranium, then it was called the grass of God's mercy. And now this grass can grow in your garden. Geranium leaf tea has a sharp taste, slightly reminiscent of mint. Drink this potion for all sorts of bleeding, pain in the throat, inflammation of the mouth and gums, dropsy, jaundice and diarrhea. Geranium tea is best mixed with other herbs. Pay attention to the seeds of geraniums from the company Prestige.

5. Medicinal chamomile. Plant 8 plants with a spacing of 15-20 cm. Chamomile is one of the most useful herbs in the garden, tea with it reminds a little of the apple taste, giving quick relief from gastritis, ulcers, irritation of the mucous membrane of the mouth, pharynx and upper respiratory tract. Medicinal chamomiles have firms Prestige and Search.

6. Lemon Smelling Thyme. Plant 1 plant in a central pot. Although this type of thyme has less medicinal properties than ordinary thyme, its aroma is much stronger. This is a very useful herb in the garden, which is a chic hypnotic, cures nervousness, toothache and stomach disorders. You can buy seeds of thyme variety Thyme from the company Russian Garden. Thyme ordinary, thyme.

7. Rosemary. Excellent garden spice - we plant 1 bush in the central pot. For tea, and take the leaves and flowers. Rosemary tones your nervous and circulatory systems, is good for colic, gout and rheumatism, low pressure and general weakness. In addition - basil is a great seasoning for meat. How to grow rosemary in the country.

8. Graceful Sage. Plant 1 plant in a central pot, which is 40-50 cm in diameter. Tea with sage gives the taste of mint with pineapple, it is very, very fragrant, in dried form it needs quite a bit. This useful herb helps with inflammation of the mouth and throat, has a calming effect, reduces sweating. Its influence can be enhanced with chamomile. Sage nutmeg can be found at the company NK, and nutmeg Voznesensky - from the agrofirm Gavrish. Sage: seasoning and medicine in one "bottle".

9. Peppermint. Plant 3 bushes in one side pot. The smell of peppermint eclipses any spicy grass in your garden. And peppermint tea is an excellent gastric remedy, very good for nausea or vomiting. A single cup of moderately warm tea with peppermint will give immediate results. In addition, the leaves of this spicy herb in the garden will decorate any flower bed, as well as improve the flavor of any tea or dessert. Peppermint: kitchen "Chanel number five."
10. Calendula or Marigold. Plant 2 plants in a central pot. In the tea blend, calendula is considered as an additive for a beautiful color, but calendula flowers also have an antispasmodic effect. Well, there are a lot of calendula seeds in various agrofirms, for example, try:

Calendula varieties Geisha from Prestige
Low-growing calendula Fiesta from the company Search
Calendula Radio or Pacific Beauty from agromark Prestige

11. Forest strawberries.   We plant 12 bushes with a gap of 10 cm. The strawberry leaves have a wonderful fruity smell, in tea it is perfectly combined with a bedtime plate. This tea is drunk for anemia, hypertension and uterine bleeding.

12. Sweet Mint. Plant 3 bushes in one side pot. This useful herb has not as fragrant aroma, but tea with it will give a pineapple flavor and effect on the body, like other types of mint.

13. Fragrant Bed Sheet. We plant 8 plants with an interval of 15-20 cm. Tea from a bedcloth has a woody taste. It has beneficial effects in digestive disorders and congestive liver. Bedstraws, as a rule, do not drink one, but mix it with other herbs. If you drink a bedstraw in pure formthen it acts like a sleeping pill.

14. Lemon balm.   It is necessary to plant 3 plants in one side pot. This is a fast-growing medicinal herb for the garden with the smell of lemon. Melissa is used in the treatment of diseases of the stomach, gallbladder, liver, it is used as a sedative and tonic after a cold. Melissa officinalis Quadrille is in the company Search. Melissa: growing features.

15. Thyme ordinary or thyme. This useful grass   in the garden we plant in the amount of 5 pieces with an interval of 20-25 cm. Thyme is an extremely fragrant, evergreen shrub of low growth. Thyme tea gives a strong spicy aroma, stimulates appetite, eliminates spasms and fermentation in the digestive tract, helps to calm convulsive cough and cure bronchitis.

So, we almost planted a grass bed, now it remains to choose a place in your garden for this wonderful and useful project. We wish you health and the most delicious teas.

  When growing herbs in the country, you cannot plant them all on the same bed or flower bed. Each plant has its own requirements for growing conditions - for soil, sun, moisture. In order for each spice to give the most flavor, the plant must have an individual approach. Only herbs that have similar requirements can be grouped in one place.

What is spicy herbs

Spicy herbs are fragrant plants that are used to prepare meals and drinks. They are rarely used by themselves, their purpose - to enhance the taste and give a special flavor to food. In addition, most herbs have medicinal and tonic properties.

To create beds with such herbs in the country, it is advisable to choose a place close to home. This is convenient, because in summer it is better to use spices fresh, freshly picked. In addition, this bed decorates the area, because spicy plants bloom in mid-summer and give off a pleasant smell.

The collection of leaves or flowers from all plants is carried out at different times, but there is one rule: the collection is carried out in dry weather, when the dew dries.

Two days before the mass collection of raw materials, watering of herbs is stopped.

Rules for creating beds of spicy herbs

Spicy herbs can be divided into several factors:

• annuals and perennials;
• drought-resistant and moisture-loving;
• sun-loving and shade-tolerant.

Annual and perennial spicy herbs can be grown on the same bed, and often such cultivation even saves space. While perennials grow, annuals perfectly close the voids between them.

• Annual herbs: basil, chervil, dill, parsley.
• Perennial, which, depending on the climate, most often grown as annuals or biennials: sage, fennel, marjoram, parsley.
• Perennial: thyme, oregano, mint, rosemary, lemon balm.

Herbs with different requirements for watering can be planted on the same flowerbed. At the same time, their neighborhood is delimited by the borders of a decorative material, which simultaneously serves as a limiter for watering. To moisture-loving include Chervil, marjoram, mint. Plants such as basil, sage, thyme, fennel, oregano, and melissa are drought-resistant, and with excessive moisture their roots rot.

But sun-loving and shade-tolerant plants will have to be planted in different parts of the garden. Most herbs have the greatest accumulation with constant light. essential oils   in leaves and flowers, but there are plants for which bright light is destructive. The sun does not tolerate spices such as chervil, arugula, and watercress.

Spicy herbs look good in a flower bed next to flowering plants. In addition, spices can be grown in pots or containers. In the summer they will decorate the garden, and in the winter they will be transported to the room, put on a lighted place where they continue to grow. Many of the herbs are suitable for growing along paths, near the porch, or on a narrow strip of land along the structure or fence.

Description of some types of spicy herbs

In addition to growing conditions, plants differ in the method of reproduction, the timing of the collection of raw materials and methods of harvesting. Most of them are consumed fresh or dried or frozen.

• Basil

Basil is a heat-loving annual plant that is afraid of frost and sudden temperature fluctuations. It grows large foliage only in the sun, leaves shallow in the shade, and flowering becomes scarce. In regions with warm early spring, seeds are sown in open ground in May. If night frosts are possible, seedlings cover. In cold areas grown seedlings method. Seeds for seedlings sown in mid-March, and planted in the country in late May or early July, depending on the weather forecast.

When planting between plants should be no less than 30 cm. When 6-7 leaves are formed, pinch the top. Additional shoots appear very quickly from the lateral sinuses; the bush grows in diameter. You can cut several times over the summer, leaving a few leaves on a bush. Dried foliage, twigs, flowers. Dried basil is ground in a coffee grinder or in a blender.

Minimal care - weeding, loosening. Watering is often impossible - if the ground is constantly wet, the roots begin to rot. In the autumn, on the eve of frosts, several bushes can be dug out, transplanted into a container with drainage holes and continue to grow on the windowsill.

• Sage

Sage is grown not only as a spice, but also as medicinal plant. This perennial is thermophilic, therefore in regions with frosty winters it grows as an annual or biennial. In the second case, a shelter is needed for the winter.

The place should be sunny, and the soil should be good for moisture. Sage does not like stagnant water. Leaves as a spice cut off the entire season. After flowering, the bush is shortened by half, which provokes the growth of new shoots. For use in cooking in the country is enough to plant 2-3 plants.

• Thyme

Thyme (another name is thyme) is an evergreen, low shrub that spreads along the ground, and its shoots themselves take root, touching the soil. The distance between plants should be not less than 35 cm, the best way of reproduction is dividing a bush or sprouting seedlings. Growing in one place for more than 5 years is undesirable: a plant is dug out, divided and planted. The place should be sunny, lit throughout the day, and watering should be moderate. Twigs and leaves are harvested throughout the year. Cutting can be done even in winter, if the landing is not covered with snow. It grows well on the windowsill, but in the open field the aroma of thyme is stronger.

• Fennel

Fennel - externally similar to dill, but these are different spicy herbs. The plant is tall, up to 1.5 meters, perennial. As a spice use all its parts - foliage, seeds, roots. Flowering begins only in the second year. The place should be sunny and protected from drafts. Likes neutral or calcareous soils. On the overwetted area will not grow.

Good winters only in warm climates. In cold regions, you can try to leave it to spend the winter under cover, but this does not always help. The best option is to grow it as an annual, and use only foliage in cooking.

Chervil is an annual plant that loves coolness and partial shade. In the hot sun the leaves dry up. Cold-resistant, greens are harvested before frost. At the dacha, they practice sowing seeds in the ground, they emerge quickly and together. The distance between plantings is small - about 15 cm is enough. The plant is rapidly increasing its green mass. Care is weeding, removing inflorescences. Chervil loves frequent watering.

The aroma of chervil leaves resembles anise. Culinary processing it is not subjected, because under the influence of heat odor disappears. Add to dishes just before serving.

• Marjoram

Marjoram is a perennial heat-loving plant. In our climate they grow as an annual, because it does not tolerate cold winters. The marjoram height is about 50 cm, planted according to the 15 x 50 cm scheme. Flowering begins in June and lasts until August. As spice collect flower buds and leaves. They can be used fresh, fried in butter to give it an interesting taste, and dried for the winter. The smell is very strong, so the preparation of dishes will require a very small amount of raw materials.

Seeds of marjoram can be sown in the ground in early May, and seedlings can be grown - for this, seeds are sown in March. On the site you need to choose the sunniest place, and water often, as soon as the soil begins to dry out.

• Oregano

Dushitsu and marjoram, many are taken for one plant with different names. But, despite the external similarity, these are different spicy herbs.

Oregano is an unpretentious perennial shrub. It grows on any soil other than marshy, tolerates drought and hibernates well even in cold weather. Blooms profusely only in a sunny place, weakens in the shade. Propagated oregano by dividing the bush and seeds. If seeds are sown in open ground in April or early May, then the plant will only bloom next year. If the seeds are sown in March for seedlings, and in May the bushes are planted in a permanent place, then they can bloom in the same summer. The distance between plants should be about 40 cm.

Care is weeding and loosening. Watering should be moderate. With abundant watering in the leaves will remain a little essential oils.

• Mint

Mint is a perennial sun-loving plant that prefers rare but abundant watering. In extreme heat, water will have to be a little more frequent. The smell of mint is pronounced, it can kill other flavors. In cooking or for flavoring drinks use a small amount of it.

Peppermint breeds well with pieces of roots, tends to spread far beyond the site. In order not to pull out the mint as a weed, the place of its cultivation should be limited. To do this, dig slate, tin or thick boards into the soil.

• Rosemary

Rosemary is a perennial evergreen. Bush height reaches 60 cm. As a spice use needles and flowers. You can collect parts of the plant throughout the year.

Rosemary seeds can be sown in May in the ground, and you can grow seedlings. The place for rosemary on the site should be sunny, protected from damp and drafts. In the harsh winter part of the shoots freezes out, but they quickly resume.

• Melissa

Melissa is used in cooking, and as a medicinal plant for tea or decoction. She has a pleasant lemon flavor and aroma.

Propagated by dividing the bush or sowing seeds. At one place grows 5 years, and then she needs rejuvenation and transplantation. More “adult” bushes do not tolerate frosts. On a sunny place in the leaves a large amount of essential oils is formed and the aroma becomes persistent. On a wet place may die. In autumn, before the first frosts, lemon balm is covered with a thick layer of fallen leaves or compost.

Total

Growing herbs is possible on any, even the smallest site, because many plants are so fragrant that they are used in very small quantities. In order for the aroma of spices to be stable, when choosing a place, it is important to take into account the requirements for the growing conditions of the plant, as well as to observe the irrigation regime. Perennials need time to divide and replant.

• reduce the body's immune defense
• drowsiness
• frequent fatigue
• depressed
• headaches, as well as various pains and cramps in the internal organs

If you feel frequent ailments, you just need to clean the body. How to do it