Gorbachov Mikhailo Sergiyovich President of the Rocks. Gorbachov Mikhailo Sergiyovich. Vidnosiny from Sunset

Mikhailo Sergeyovich Gorbachov is a Radyansky and Russian political and sovereign figure. The remaining General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPRS and the remaining Head of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. From 1989 to 1990 - First Head of the Supreme Council of the USSR. He was the sole president of the USSR (from 1990 to 1991).

Mikhailo Gorbachov contributed to history with great speciality. It is included in the list of the most important powers in Russia, and in other socialist republics. During the period of his rule in the Radian Union, there were a number of large-scale changes, which spread the heat over the entire world. This is the so-called “Perebudov” period.

Mikhailo Gorbachov has a large number of honorable titles on his resume. In 1990, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

1991 rock Mikhailo Gorbachov fell asleep Gorbachov Foundation, which is engaged in research on Perebudov.

The biography and career growth of Mikhail Sergeyovich Gorbachov is filled with solid facts. And the number of his robot’s supporters is great, and they also have a lot to do with Mikhail Gorbachov in the collapse of the USSR.

Growing, vaga, vik. How many fates for Mikhail Gorbachov

Mikhailo Gorbachov is a stately man. From now on, that inner strength began to emerge. His entire outward appearance and voice, mooning from the stand, captivated the ears. Many people literally mentioned everything about the President of the USSR, including his physical parameters, such as height, age, age. How many fates have Mikhail Gorbachov probably knows, who were born during the hours of the Radyansky Union. Nina's policy is 87 years old.

Mikhailo Gorbachov is a tall man, his height is 181 centimeters, and his weight is 90 kilograms. “Mikhailo Gorbachov - photos in his youth and now” is still a popular topic on the Internet.

The tribute to the Zodiac sign - Ribi and similar to the horoscope - Goat, give us a strong, strong-willed and infused person.

Mikhailo Gorbachov is still alive

Is Mikhailo Gorbachev still alive? - food to be supplied to the tsikava. There is no exact answer to this. The massacres of the dzherel are called one type of place.

But still, most people believe and suggest official data that Mikhailo Gorbachov lives in Germany, more precisely in Bavaria, as his homeland. The stinks moved there about 10 years ago. Possibly, the reason for the move was the prolonged criticism of the management activities of the President of the USSR, and the wine could not be lost in the Batkivshchyna.

Mikhail Gorbachov's little house for a million euros, melodiously, without discussing it too lazy. The President has rightly added peace of mind to the resort town of Rottach-Egern – “Hubertus Castle”. The area is already beautiful - charming landscapes, nature and a river where you can catch fish.

Biography and special life of Mikhail Gorbachov

The biography and special life of Mikhail Gorbachov began in the village of Privilne, Medvedensky district, Stavropol region. The politician was born on the 2nd Birth of 1931 in the rural Russian-Ukrainian homeland. His father is Sergey Gorbachov, a Russian, a participant in the Great Victic War, who died. Mother - Maria Gorbachova, Ukrainian. Mikhailo Gorbachov has a younger brother, Oleksandr Gorbachov, a soldier who served in the missile forces of special significance. Died 2001 rock.

The life of Mikhailo Gorbachov, having started work at MTS and Colgospi. In 19 cases I became a candidate as a member of the CPRS. In 1952, Mikhailo Gorbachev became the head of the CPRS, and so began his political career.

After finishing school, entering MDU im. Lomonosov without admission to the Faculty of Law After graduation, the department was divided into the regional prosecutor's office, where it was processed for only a few days, because was requested for a Komsomol job.

Mikhail Gorbachov's political career has grown rapidly. Party service gave me the opportunity to become a friend in search of enlightenment as an economist. Apparently, Mikhailo Gorbachov looked at the KDB planting more than once.

Nezabar Mikhailo Gorbachov becomes a deputy of the Verkhovna Rada and joins the commission of the young right.

The biography of Mikhail Gorbachov is political and long-lasting. Vіn borrows low value from the power of the land. And in 1989, fate has already become the Head of the Supreme Council. Never mind being robbed by the First President of the USSR. It became the year 1990.

With the rise of Mikhail Gorbachov to power, the “Perebudov” stage begins, which was marked by a number of political and civil reforms. His entire policy was aimed at increasing economic indicators in the region in connection with the accumulation of industrial production, the development of scientific and technological fields, the advancement of social indicators, etc. The system has been confirmed and failed. The shortage, dissatisfaction among the population and the consolidation of anti-Radyan groups are some of the negative results of Mikhail Gorbachov’s campaign.

Suddenly, the economic situation in the Radyansky Union began to deteriorate, and the region was about to become more concentrated. 1991 The President of the USSR signed documents for the exit of the Baltic countries from the Radian Union. Later, on the basis of this fact, the criminal case against Mikhail Gorbachov was destroyed. 25th birthday 1991 The President of the USSR expressed his renewed importance.

After the exhibition, Mikhailo Gorbachov began a new life. Volodya participated in the actions of the Russian newspaper, writing a lot of literary works. Mikhailo Gorbachov also gave lectures in the capital. I decided to continue to engage in political and political activity

In 1996, Mikhailo Gorbachov announced his candidacy for the post of President of Russia, but gained less than one hundred. Later, in 2001, he became the leader of the Social Democratic Party.

The particular life of Mikhail Gorbachov is not as varied as his political activity. The politician has been friends once and forever. His squad became Raisa Gorbachova, a beautiful woman and a supporter on the right. Raisa Gorbachova died in 1999.

Mikhail Gorbachov’s family gave birth to one daughter, Irina, who gave her father two daughters. Ksenia is Mikhail Gorbachov’s first cousin, she is friends with two daughters, and has a daughter, Oleksandra. Anastasia, a friend of onuk Mikhail Gorbachov, is a friend and serves as the chief editor of the site.

Family and children of Mikhail Gorbachov

The childhood and youthful period of Mikhail Gorbachov is filled with sumptuous farbs. Father, who sent us to the front, died. The village where little Gorbachov lived was occupied by German troops and liberated after a short period of time. His children were repressed.

Mikhail Gorbachov has already forgotten all this. Since his youth, he had the idea of ​​​​changing the political system of the native land, so that the family and children of Mikhail Gorbachov could live happily, in the near future, without war.

Mikhailo Gorbachov was once friends and had the same child.

Mikhail Gorbachov’s daughter – Irina

The daughter of Mikhail Gorbachov is Irina Virganska-Gorbachova, one child – a politician. Born on the 6th of September 1957.

Irina completed her medical education, and later retrained as an economist. Nina is vice-president of the Gorbachev Foundation.

In 1978, Rock was first married to the court surgeon of the Moscow First Moscow Doctor's Hospital, Anatoly Virgansky. In 1993, my family fell apart.

Since 2006, he has become friends with Andriy Trukhachov, a businessman who deals with transportation.

Irina has two children – Ksenia and Anastasia. The girl has already reached adulthood, living an independent life with familiar characteristics. So, for example, Ksenia is a model, married and has a daughter, Oleksandra, born in 2008. Anastasia is a graduate of the MDIMV and works as editor-in-chief on the Internet site Trendspace.ru.

Mikhail Gorbachov's squad - Raisa Gorbachov

The squad of Mikhail Gorbachov is Raisa Gorbachova, the only beloved squad of the President of the USSR. The First Lady of the Radyansky Union was born on the 5th of 1931 near Rubtsovsk. Graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow State University. Mikhailo Gorbachov and Raisa Gorbachova met at a dance, and on June 25, 1953, they officially registered their hundredth birthday. In 1957, a daughter, Irina, was born in the Gorbachovs’ homeland.

Raisa Gorbachova often appeared on camera with her boyfriend. She accompanied him on all social visits and trips. She was also a great help to the rich in their voluntary-political meals. Raisa Gorbachova could once again encourage dialogue on equal terms with anyone.

The first lady of the SRSR wore a high-necked robe, for which she gained respect from European wives, and a whole host of Radian girls fought.

Funeral: date of death of Mikhail Gorbachov

As it often happens, in 2013 there was a lot of talk about the death of Mikhail Gorbachov. Then, a lot of ZMI came up with news about those who got out of life, the first and only President of the USSR. Before the speech, one of the first who reported the news about the death of Mikhailo Gorbachov, a former representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Germany. The information was so reliable that many people, having started jokes, were calling for a new policy to lead him in the rest of the ways. It became clear through research that the information was not true. Mikhailo Gorbachov, fortunately, turned up alive and also lives in Nimechchyna.

And today you can find information and watch videos on the topic “Funeral: date of death of Mikhail Gorbachov.”

Instagram and Wikipedia Mikhail Gorbachov

Mikhail Gorbachov's Instagram and Wikipedia are partially accessed from the Internet. It appears that the politician does not have social media accounts throughout his life. And the Wikipedia axis reveals to us the peculiarity of Mikhail Gorbachov even better.

Here you can get acquainted with the biography of the politician, his political and active activities. Also presented here are the works of Mikhail Gorbachov, as well as information about his honors and honors. The information completely confirms the activity and is available with confidential access to the Internet.

On February 15, 1990, the third convocation of people's deputies of the USSR elected Mikhail Gorbachov as president of the region. He had the opportunity to complete more than a third of the established five-fold term.

Sunrise on the 12th of February. Following the abolition of the presidency, he introduced another historic change to the constitution: by eliminating the 6th article about the important and direct role of the CPRS.

17 deputies spoke at the debate. Thoughts ranged from “We are very important to the presidential government to guarantee the unity of our federation” (Nursultan Nazarbayev) and “Our region has created a leader of the world’s scale, the author of a new political vision, a leader who stands for disarray, for peace" (Fedor Grigor'ev) to “Perebudova is overwhelmed by the presidency” (Mikola Dzhiba).

Not gratimem at Khovanka, today there is talk about the president of the region’s attack on a specific leader - Mikhail Sergeyovich Gorbachov Oleksandr Yakovlev

“Let’s try hastily, here, right now, to banish the president’s impeachment, the most rude, most important political reprieve that will greatly alleviate our difficulties, worries and fears,” said the head of the Interregional Deputy Group, Yuriy Afanasyev. c. Academician Vitaly Goldansky countered: “We can’t wait, we need resuscitation, not a sanatorium.”

The proposal to defend the presidency of the leader of a political party, supported by both radical democrats and orthodox communists who were going to serve in the role of Secretary General like Oleksandr Yakovlev and Yegora League Chova Chi Ivan Polozkova, won 1303 votes and would have passed, if there had been no mention of the constitution, For Why were two-thirds of the votes needed?

On February 14, the plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was held, which was nominated as a candidate by President Gorbachov. A few deputies at the meeting submitted the candidacies of Prime Minister Mikoli Rizhkov and Minister of Internal Affairs Vadim Bakatin, but they were withdrawn, and the elections turned out to be uncontested.

We hastened to attack the President. Ale, perhaps, having turned, it would not have been right here, on the stage of the Kremlin Palace, to appoint him to this post. It was necessary to announce it for one day, announcing that the local action would take place, for example, at the St. George's Hall of the Kremlin. In the presence of deputies, the government, representatives of the working people of the capital, soldiers, the diplomatic corps, the press newspaper "Pravda"

Of the 2,245 deputies (five months were vacant at that time), exactly two thousand took part in the assembly. 1,329 votes were cast for Gorbachov (59.2% of the total number of deputies). 495 were against, 54 ballots were sealed. 122 individuals did not vote.

Having replaced Gorbachov at the planting of the head of the Supreme Council for the sake of Anatoly Lukyanov, the president immediately took the oath - he stood on the podium and placed his hand on the text of the constitution, voicing a single phrase: “I swear to correctly serve the peoples of our land, suvoro adhere to the Constitution of the USSR, guarantee rights and the rights of the citizens, it is necessary to cancel the provisions of the high obligations of the President of the USSR."

The foreign reaction was entirely optimistic.

“The last day’s Congress of People’s Deputies of the Radyansky Union has made the greatest revolutionary changes in the life of the Radyansky union, equal to what Russia has had since the revolution of 1917,” stated the Japanese TV channel. Nya. “The decision of the new Congress of People’s Deputies of the SRSR was consolidated, perhaps, by the most important changes in the political and economic system of the SRSR since the Bolshevik revolution in 1917,” echoed the Washington Post.

At the pace of the military operation

It is unknown who came up with the idea of ​​imprisoning the president.

The topic was discussed with ZMI since 1989, as a matter of hypothesis and discussion.

Gorbachov’s aide Anatoly Chernyaev wrote in his suspicions that in the 1990s the “architect of Perbudovo” and the Secretary of the Central Committee Oleksandr Yakovlev under the terrible secret of their revelations: as if Gorbachov would go to his office, embarrassment, selfishness y. Movlyav, why bother? Azerbaijan, Lithuania, economy, orthodoxy, radicals, people on the border. Yakovlev said: “The need for action. The most important change for reform and all your policies is the Politburo. It is necessary to convene the congress of people’s deputies as soon as possible, let the congress make you president.” I Gorbachov waited a while.

The decision about the presidential government has matured so quickly that people started calling for the next meeting. I don’t understand such terminology, since the Second Congress of People’s Deputies, where food was not discussed, only two and a half months have passed Mikola Rizhkov

As if it weren’t there, on the 14th, it was unpopular for everyone, Gorbachov voiced the idea at the session of the Verkhovna Rada, and on the 27th, the parliament praised the successive parliamentary parliaments. To put it bluntly, the enormous amount of discussion that took place during the hour of preparation was a waste of time.

Having quickly called out criticism from both the left and the right, who suspected some kind of trick and effortlessly, but unsuccessfully tried to reject Gorbachov’s appearance of a different explanation, this is what I needed.

The official version was laid out in the draft law on the repeal of the president’s planting and the introduction of similar amendments to the constitution: “In order to ensure the further development of deep political and economic changes that are taking place in the country, valuing the constitutional order, rights, freedoms and security of citizens, enhancing mutual relations between government bodies "The sovereign power and management of the USSR" did not satisfy anyone. One might think that Gorbachov previously had a lack of power!

In the opinion of historians, a clear reason lay on the surface: the leader, having lost the Secretary General of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, wanted to loosen his position with the Central Committee, so that any party could convene at a plenum and work with him, as he did with Khrushchev.

After Gorbachov was declared president and the 6th Statute was signed, the party did not require the party for its legitimacy as much as the party did.

Despite the fact that the Secretary General is revived, Gorbachov still respects the leadership of the Communist Party. They also have power over the general secretary himself. The two ideas – the introduction of Article 6 and the restoration of the presidency – are closely linked. Having gained the full power of the state rather than the party, Gorbachev can carry out the collapse of the party monopoly. Otherwise, it’s easy to waste money Anatoly Sobchak

The fragments of the CPRS have lost official power, the vacuum needs to be filled.

After the vote, it became difficult for Tbilisi and Baku to understand who had decided to take over the army, and tried to talk about the need for “a person who stands up for everything.” However, the presidency did not induce Gorbachova to take any responsibility for the conflict.

There was another more practical way of marring.

Following the tradition laid down by Leonid Brezhnev, the Secretary General immediately abandoned the largest representative body. Beginning in the spring of 1989, the Verkhovna Rada switched to permanent work. Gorbachov, who was in charge of the new one, had the opportunity to spend many hours at meetings. This is how the other members of the church did it themselves, who then copied the behavior of the first individual.

I urge you to vote for the presidential government and I believe that for all your minds there will be social justice, national wealth, including for the Russian people. Deputy Ivan Polozkov, orthodox communist

Of course, this complicated the management of the region. And the marriage was worried about food: who is going to take care of the right while the debate is going on?

Tim sometimes came up with the idea that Gorbachov, in his own way, was closer to the role of the speaker himself, the lower head of the state. Manipulate a large, diverse audience and achieve the voting results you need without losing your minds.

Anatoly Sobchak in the book “Walking with Vladu” indicated that with a special blend of magic, Gorbachova’s flow was enchanting. “Give in to this enchantment, and you’ll feel like you’re under hypnosis,” wrote Vin.

Head riddle

Mainly, what the followers are still scratching their heads over is why Gorbachev didn’t stand in the national elections? More importantly, the law on the introduction of the post of president was passed, and special security was created for the first attack.

Many people respect this with a fatal mercy. As before Boris Yeltsin, the popularly elected president is very difficult to legally remove from power.

According to a number of historians, the Gorbachevs do not want to directly compromise popularity with Yeltsin

Having been attacked not by the citizens, but by the deputies, Gorbachov’s status was insufficiently overturned, leaving the legitimacy of the meeting itself tarnished. Having formed under the 6th State, due to the existence of the organized opposition across the Crimea of ​​Moscow, Leningrad, Sverdlovsk and the Baltic States, a third of the deputy corps was formed by representatives of large organizations.

Some historians assume that Gorbachov blamed his objective achievements, having sensed a mystical fear of Yeltsin, for whom everything worked out. Others were inspired by the nomenklatura, who in principle did not like direct democracy and were afraid that the election campaign would give reformers an additional opportunity to promote their views.

In the minds of political and economic instability, we will once again try to take part and go to national elections - Rizik and Chimal Anatoly Sobchak

In public, Mikhailo Sergeyovich has spoken loudly about the fact that the situation is complicated, and the country cannot get by without a president this day.

“They [interregional deputies] were already vying for the presidency, but they thought of him with such guardedness and such approaches that it would be possible to override this process for a long time, because this process would not be taken seriously. and the decision. The introduction of the institution of presidency is now necessary for region," he said at the session of the Supreme Council on February 27.

The position of the democrats

The supporters of Perebudov and the new food about Gorbachov’s presidency were split.

Importantly, in principle, the institution of the presidency is progressively aligned with the current form of government, the procedure for the President of the SRSR and the procedure for his elections cannot be carried out hastily, without the participation of the new Supreme Councils of the republics, without the apology of the rich people. artillery system in the country, without a free press, without the value of the Supreme Council. This food may be connected with the constitutions of the republics, with the new Union Treaty. Without these indisputable minds, a decision about the presidency will undoubtedly lead to a new strengthening of the relationship between the Center and the republics, limiting the independence of local councils and self-government, threatening the reinstatement of the dictatorial regime in the country . From the statement of the Interregional Deputy Group

Some continued to look forward to a new chance and respected Gorbachov’s need to encourage everyone, because he knew what to work for, and because otherwise it would be even worse. The point of view of these people was determined by a deputy from the place on the way out, without introducing himself: “What’s wrong with the fact that we don’t have enough products? no more know."

These people were simply impressed by the word “president”: we will have an axis, like civilized countries!

Others pointed out that this term is associated not only with America and France, but also with Latin American and Asian dictators, and they also called for nationwide alternative elections.

“I respect that only people can praise such a decision,” said Oleksandr Shchelkanov, a member of the Interregional Group, at the debate at the meeting.

A resident of Zelenograd, Shuvalov, announced a hunger strike on Teatralnaya Square on his return day “as a sign of protest against the abuse of the president by deputies.”

The supporter of Gorbachov's presidency in his mind was Anatoly Sobchak, the opponents were Yuriy Afanasyev and Yuriy Chernichenko. The rest, squinting, feared that “I’m going to fool myself again; since the deputies cannot really control the heads of the Verkhovna Rada, then they will no longer be able to follow the president.”

One of Gorbachov’s main opponents was deputy Yuri Afanasyev

Boris Yeltsin, as far as we know, did not publicly agree with whose food.

Sobchak wrote in anticipation that shortly before the death of Andriy Sakharov he wanted to discuss with him the prospects of Gorbachov’s presidency, but the academic’s interest had not yet been revealed, with respect to the food we have from the new constitution.

It's not a new idea

We need to stir up fears and anger, create faith in our strength and ability. And our stench is great. The Russian people and all the peoples with whom they have a great rich national power can revive their strong Fatherland. And it’s easy to reach what’s on the way to peredudova and socialist renewal With the promotion of Mikhail Gorbachov on the way out after the war

The idea of ​​​​sleeping in the USSR post is popularly expected to reach the president was seriously discussed in the past: during the preparation of the “Stalinist” constitution of 1936, the remaining fates of the rule of Mikita Khrushchev and at the dawn of peace.

Why Stalin threw it out is completely clear. Now 99.99% of the votes were guaranteed, and the nationwide support for the “beloved leader” could be turned into an intense propaganda campaign.

Khrushchov, in the opinion of his predecessors, simply had no time to spare, and his attackers treated themselves with deep conservatism, which mocked them, and dislike for innovation.

According to the testimony of people who knew it, Leonid Brezhnev, during his foreign visits, was called “Pan President,” rather than legitimize his title.

Third try

In 1985, the “architect of Perebudovo” Oleksandr Yakovlev, having promoted Gorbachov to launch political reform from the party and presented a heated plan: to control the outside party discussion, and for this reason to divide the CPRS into two parties - reformist people's democratic and conservative socialist - hold elections to the Supreme Court for the sake of entrusting the victory molding order.

At once, as I warn, Gorbachov presses on the gas and at the same time presses on the gas. The engine roars to the whole world - this is our publicity. And the car is standing on the street Olzhas Suleimenov, deputy, Kazakh sings

Following Yakovlev’s plan, the offended parties were obliged to declare their adherence to the basic values ​​of socialism, join an alliance under the name of the Union of Communists, delegate to the warehouse of the Central for the sake of equal number of members, and head for the sake of and become a strong candidate for the post of President of the USSR.

A political structure in which two parties, which compete against each other in elections, simultaneously form a coalition with a single leader, would reveal the world's darling "Russian miracle." Nowadays, some successors believe that the implementation of the “Yakovlev plan” would allow a smooth transition to rich party democracy and the collapse of the USSR.

Todi Gorbachov did not support the idea. Five days later it became late.

Pyrrhova victory

Gorbachov was constantly searching for alternatives, compromises, optimal integration of existing and new methods of care. There were bewilderments, misspellings, delays, and just plain stupidity. But they are not the reason for the dismantling of the marriage and power that has begun. It was inevitable due to the nature of the transition of a marriage, complexed and disillusioned by a long dictatorship, to freedom, unique in world history, Anatoly Chernyaev, Gorbachov’s aide

Historians respect the peak of Gorbachov’s political career at the Congress of People’s Deputies in 1989, and his election as president as the beginning of its end. Nezabarom leader's rating is rapid and irrevocable pishov uniz.

This is the remaining credit of trust, the vision of marriage.

Conservatives believed that Gorbachov needed presidential updates to “get things right,” and democrats - for the brave reformers. If neither one nor the other happened, although we had torn away everything we wanted, disappointment appeared to the hidden and driven ones.

There was a speech made at the meeting by deputy Teimuraz Avaliani: “You are rushing here and there, and at this hour there are those that we are facing at the same time.”

After 660 days, Gorbachev died (more precisely, he became agitated) at the exit.

Mikhailo Sergiyovich Gorbachov was born on February 2, 1931. near the village of Privilny Chervonogvardiysky district of the Stavropol Territory in the Russian-Ukrainian homeland of immigrants from the Voronezk province and Chernihiv region.

Father Mikhail Gorbachova - Sergey Andriyovich, worked as a machine operator at a machine and tractor station. U sickle born 1941 he was mobilized to the army, commanding divisions of sappers, and was a participant in many famous battles of the Great White War. For example, grass 1944 The Gorbachevs' homeland was holding a funeral. Three days of crying in the homeland. They constantly took away the sheets from Sergiy Andriyovich, in which they informed that everything was completely different from him. At the end of the war, Sergei Andriyovich recovered from a shrapnel wound in his leg. S.A. Gorbachev was awarded the medal “For Life” and two Orders of the Chervona Zirka. Having turned to the Fatherland, he began working as a machine operator again. “My father knew the combine well and learned it well,” says M.S. Gorbachov. - I can adjust any mechanism in a minute or two. It’s a matter of particular pride - by ear I can immediately tell the badness of the combine’s operation.” Born in 1949 for the hard work on the collected grains M.S. Gorbachev was awarded the Order of the Red Prapor of Labor.

Mikhail Gorbachova’s mother, Maria Panteliivna (from her daughter Gopkalo), spent her entire life at the collective state university.

The repressions that flared up in the mid-30s did not spare the homeland of Gopkalo and the Gorbachevs. Born in 1937 grandfather M.S. Gorbachov Pantelei Yukhimovich Gopkalo was arrested as “a participant in the counter-revolutionary right-wing Trotskyist organization.” Fourteen months of sitting with the patient, while under investigation, caused torturism and deprivation. During the execution of Pantelei Yukhimovich, the assistant prosecutor of Stavropill was killed. Born in 1938 in 1939, turning to Privilny, and in 1939 buv head-butting kolgosp. Panteley Gopkalo is a great authority among fellow villagers.

Mikhail Sergiyovich’s other grandfather, Andriy Moiseyovich Gorbachov, did not join the college until now, but lives as a fellow worker on a farm. In 1933, as a result of the drought, there was a terrible famine in the present land. In the family of Andriy Moiseyovich, out of six children, three died of hunger. In the spring of 1934, he was arrested for not following the grain sowing plan: there was nothing to sow. Andriy Moiseyovich, as a “saboteur,” was sent to primus robots in a logging field in the Irkutsk region. Two years later, in 1936, he was released before duty for good work and good behavior. Turning to Privilny, A.M. Gorbachov entered the college and worked until the end of his life.

Before school, Mikhailo Gorbachov lived most of the time at the cabin of Pantelei Yukhimovich and Vasilisa Lukyanivna Gopkalo, whose souls were not satisfied with him.

Mikhailo did better at school. At school, in the new year, a passion for knowledge and an interest in new things appeared, which was lost in the new world. Mikhailo from the burials took the fate of artistic self-indulgence. It seems like a dramatist, from whom he took his fate, went on “tour” to the villages of the region. With the money collected from paid performances, 35 pairs of boots were purchased for children who could not go to school.

In 1950 M.S. Gorbachov graduated from school with a medal. Father insisted that Mikhailo continue to live and begin. The choice fell on the main university of the region - Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov (MDU). M.S. Gorbachov was admitted to the Faculty of Law of the Moscow State Duma without admissions, and without interviews. They called for him by telegram - “insurance from the donation of the village.” This decision was influenced by a number of factors: Gorbachov’s agricultural background, work experience, high rank of the city - the Order of the Red Prapor of Labor and those who were born in 1950 (starting in the 10th grade of school) Gorbachov was accepted as a candidate by a member CPRS.

Mikhailo Sergeyovich says: “My beginnings at the university were not only extremely challenging for me, but also quite stressful. I had the opportunity to cover the clearings of the rural school, which gave themselves to the nobility - especially in the first years, and, to be honest, I did not suffer from any aspect of self-love.”

“...Moscow University gave grounded knowledge and spiritual charge, which meant my life choices. Here, a troubling process of re-understanding the history of the region, both today and tomorrow, began, which stretched into fate.”

At the student's rocks M.S. Gorbachev formed his new squad - Raisa Maksimivna Titarenko, which began at the MDU at the Faculty of Philosophy. June 25, 1953 the stinks became friends.

Born in 1955 M.S. Gorbachov graduated from the Faculty of Law. For the division of wines, there are directions from the order of the Stavropol Regional Prosecutor's Office.

At Stavropol M.S. Gorbachov was also remembered for his activities in the school Komsomol organization, which signified his enormous activity and talent as an organizer. Mayzhe overnight M.S. Gorbachova was assigned to work as the intercessor of the head of the department of propaganda and agitation at the regional committee of the All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Council (VLKSM). Thus, having spent more than 10 days with the prosecutor’s office (from 5 to 15 September 1955), M.S. Gorbachov proceeded to new obligations.

In the spring of 1956 M.S. Gorbachov became the first secretary of the Stavropol Municipal Committee of the Komsomol; April 25, 1958 he was elected by another secretary of the regional committee of the Komsomol, and on February 21, 1961. - First Secretary of the Regional Committee of the Komsomol.

June 26, 1966 M.S. Gorbachov becomes First Secretary and member of the Bureau of the Stavropol Municipal Committee of the CPRS. 5 serpnya 1969 r. – Another secretary of the Stavropol Regional Committee of the CPRS.

10th April 1970 M.S. Gorbachov was confirmed as First Secretary of the Stavropol Regional Communist Party of the Russian Federation. The most important elements of the Stavropill development program were the rational placement of rural enterprises and their specialization; creation of advanced poultry and agricultural complexes; advancement of industrial technologies; the development of the Great Stavropol Canal and drainage and drainage systems, which were vitally important for the region with severe agriculture, 50% of the territory of which consisted of arid steppes; completion of modernization of light and grub industries.

In an hour of work on Stavropillya, M.S. Gorbachov was tasked with preparing and implementing the development program for the region.

At that time, the young secretary of the regional committee of the CPRS had a chance to suddenly get stuck with the system of making decisions for the minds of the administrative-command economy and the bureaucratic state.

The Stavropol region is one of the most beautiful and most popular resort towns in Russia. The leading party leaders of the USSR regularly came here to visit. Same here M.S. Gorbachov got to know O.M. Kosigina and Yu.V. Andropovim. Gorbachov had a close relationship with Andropov. Later Andropov called Gorbachov a “Stavropol nugget.”

For Raisa Maksimivna Gorbachova, the Stavropol Territory has also become home. After many fates, the search for work from the faculty began to be deposited at the Faculty of Economics of the Stavropol Rural Institute. Raisa Maksimivna gave lectures to students and graduate students on philosophy, aesthetics, problems of religion,
6 Sep 1957 r. The Gorbachovs gave birth to a daughter, Irina.

1967 r. P.M. Gorbachova stole a candidate's dissertation on the topic "Formation of new rice in the collective village (based on materials of sociological research in the Stavropol Territory)."

November 27, 1978 at the plenum of the Central Committee of the CPRS M.S. Gorbachov was elected Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPRS. 6 breasts 1978 b. I arrived with my family to Moscow.

After moving to Moscow M.S. Gorbachev immediately became involved in the nutrition of the rural state, having traveled extensively throughout the country, making official visits beyond the cordon.

M.S. Gorbachov quickly proved himself to be an initiative, energetic and principled politician. Two days after moving to Moscow, he went to the warehouse of the party’s most important body - the Politburo of the CPRS Central Committee.

Birch born 1985 M.S. Gorbachov was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPRS.

With the arrival of Gorbachev to power in the USSR, the process of democratization began, which gave rise to the name “perebudov” (born 1985-1991). Glasnist became the ruinous power of Perebud. The program for transferring the economy to a socially oriented market basis was expanded. The totalitarian regime of the USSR was dismantled. U 1990 r. Power passed from the CPRS to the Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR - the first parliament in the history of the Soviet Union. elected on an alternative basis in free democratic elections. On February 15, 1990, Z'izd appointed Gorbachov as president of the USSR.

In international relations, Gorbachev pursued an active policy of relieving tensions based on the principles of the “new world” that he formulated and became one of the key articles of the secular policy of the twentieth century. During 1985-1991, there was a radical change in the relations between the West and the USSR - the transition from military and ideological confrontation - to dialogue and the formation of partnership. Gorbachov’s activities played a major role in the ongoing Cold War, the nuclear weapons race, and the unification of Germany.

As a sign of recognition of the great merits of M.S. Gorbachov as a prominent reformer, a politician of world scale, who made a unique contribution to the change in the very nature of international development, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (15 June 199 0 rub.).

Destructive processes, which the immature democracy could not resist, led to the sickle coup of 1991. and the disintegration of the USSR. Trying to avoid such a result, Gorbachov gained the maximum possible - behind the charge of stagnation of power, which would be in accordance with the basic principles of his political philosophy and morality.

After leaving the exhibition, 1992 r. M.S. Gorbachov created the International Fund for Socio-Economic and Political Research (Gorbachov-Fund), becoming his president. The Gorbachev Foundation is a pre-Slednitsky center, a platform for huge discussions, active humanitarian projects and beneficial actions.

After the death of Raisa Maksimivna Gorbachova (Spring 20, 1999), a great role in the life of Mikhail Sergiyovich continues to be played by his family - daughter Irina, onions Ksenia and Anastasia, great-granddaughter Oleksandr.

3 1999 r. Irina Mikhailivna Gorbachova-Virganska is Vice-President of the Gorbachova Foundation.

1993 rock M.S. Gorbachev, at the initiative of representatives of 108 countries, founded the International Non-Organizational Environmental Organization International Green Cross. This organization aims to widely inform the public about environmental problems, develop new environmental awareness, clean up the environmental legacies of the Cold War and renew the race. National organizations of the International Green Cross operate in 23 countries around the world.

M.S. Gorbachov is one of the initiators of the creation of the Forum of Nobel Prize Laureates for the World in 1999. At the Forum's intimate meetings, global problems that plague humanity are discussed: violence and wars, poverty problems, environmental crisis.

In 2001–2009 rocks M.S. Gorbachov supported the Russian side of the St. Petersburg Dialogue Forum, a regular meeting between Russia and Germany, which is regularly held in both countries. Politicians, public figures, representatives of business groups, and young people take their fate when entering the forum.

On May 21, 2010, the first meeting of the Scientific Consultative Forum for the New Policy Forum was held in Luxembourg, at which a panel of leaders was formed along with M.S. Gorbachev. This is a new international organization, created by M.S. Gorbachov and continuing the mission of the World Policy Forum (2003-2009) - a platform for informal discussion of current problems of global politics by the most authoritative political figures and communities some leaders from different parts of the world.

M.S. Gorbachev took an active part in the political life of Russia: near the hour of elections in 1996. he was one of the candidates for the post of President of the Russian Federation. M.S. Gorbachov is a converted social democrat, the creator of the Russian United Social Democratic Party and the Social Democratic Party of Russia (2001 - 2007), the trans-Russian huge movement “Union of Social Democrats” iv" (created in the spring of 2007), Forum "Hromadyansky dialogue" (2010).

M.S. Gorbachov characterizes his political credo as follows:

“...I have decided to combine politics with science, morality, morality, and loyalty to people. For men ce bula on the right principle. It was necessary to put aside the wrath of the rulers, their tyranny. Not everything worked out for me, but I don’t care that such an approach would be ruinous. Without this, it is important to realize that politics can lose its unique role, especially today, as we enter the new century, as we face dramatic upheavals.”

For the period from 1992 M.S. Gorbachev made over 250 international visits, visiting 50 countries. He has been awarded over 300 sovereign and large cities, diplomas, honorary certificates and badges. Born in 1992 M.S. Gorbachov published dozens of books in 10 languages ​​around the world.

The only President of the USSR recently celebrated his 84th birthday, and continues to be active in the community, as before. Budinki, while Gorbachov was still alive at the hour of his career, changed from a modest rural budinka near Privilnoye to a luxurious holder “Barvikha-4”.

Mala Batkivshchyna - Stavropol Territory

Mikhailo Gorbachov was born in 1931 in the village. Privilny Stavropol region. This is where the children passed away: at the small booth No. 16 on Naberezhny Street. In the 70s, M. Gorbachova’s mother sold the booths, and now pensioner Valentina Ivanivna lingers there. The “respect” for everyday life is land: the fathers of the great president were villagers, so that’s the resentment of his grandfather from his father’s and mother’s sides.

The same village still has one more booth, where Gorbachov lives on Shkilny Street. The rural government gave a prophecy (after the year of the ruler) to the local Orthodox parish, and the priest was convinced that the service would be very expensive. The booth itself remains closed, and residents have to move around the adjacent territory, tidying up and putting it in order.

At the same time, plans were made to create a museum for Mikhail Gorbachov, but the stench was never realized. The village has not lost the usual special speeches of the ex-president, in addition to photographs that are preserved at the central village museum. As far as we know, the ruler himself will rise up, appearing at the Happy 2003 fate.

Living near the capital

M. Gorbachov moved to the capital from his family in 1978. He had an apartment on the last floor in an elite building on the street. Kosigina. Living with him from 1986 to 1991.

At the hour when he became General Secretary, a guard was stationed at his booth, and they saw the apartment.

Resentment was replaced by sreshtoy adding Igor Krutoy. For the apartment of M. Gorbachov himself, according to unconfirmed data, the composer paid close to 15 million dollars. A few years before the purchase date I. A cool addition and a funeral apartment.

What time is it before we move to the booth on the street. Kosigina, the upcoming president, took over an apartment in the 9th floor of the building at the address: Granatniy provulok, 10. The place where Gorbachov is alive is also visible from Pavlov’s booth.

After the Kremlin

After the “dissolution” of the USSR, Mikhailo Gorbachov Pishov appeared at the place of the independent powers from the seat of the President at the exposition. In 1991, the heads of 7 regional members of the SND signed an agreement to donate a pension, a dacha, a car and security for the colossal “sovereign” of the Kremlin.

As a result of the agreement, a sovereign dacha in the Moscow River complex was transferred to him and was located 14 km from Moscow. Judging by the publication of ZMI, in 2004 she was still the life of the ex-president. Prote place, Mikhailo Sergeyovich Gorbachov is still alive, he knows a lot. In addition, youma was given as a gift in San Francisco. The office of the Gorbachev Foundation has been rebuilt there.

"The Helpful German"

For information published by Anatoly Kholodyuk in the article “Budinochok” in Bavaria, where Gorbi hesitates,” 2005, Mikhailo Gorbachov and his daughter Irina and his family moved to Rottach-Egern, to Castle Hubertus (Bavaria ). The place where Gorbachev is still alive, where more suitable for people of old age, Moscow is still cold.

Until 2007, this first villa was built on Aignerweg 2a, three hundred meters from the Church of St. Lavrentia. In 2007, the family's fate gained the title of Hubertus Castle, which was built on Kreuzweg Street. Formally, there is a booth of entries for the nickname Virganskaja (Yulia Virganska is the daughter of M. Gorbachov).

The “castle”, where Gorbachov hesitates, consists of two great people. Previously, a Bavarian children's booth was built here. Unrespected for ever, the ex-president leads an active life: Munich news outlets have articles about him every hour, and several months ago, in 2014, in Moscow, the presentation of his friend ї books – “After the Kremlin”.

Dachas

Okrema is a theme for roses - dacha, where Gorbachov is alive. Here you spent more than an hour, here you spent less. Until the day when he became ex-president, one can see the first and other powers in Livadia, Mamonova dacha, Stalin’s “near dacha” near Fili-Davidkov (nine – near Moscow), in view of the 1991 release of the foroska “Zorya”, “Barvikha” - 4".

Derzhavna Dacha No. 11, so called the Zorya object, is located near the bay between the Foros and Sarich forests. Having chosen a special Secretary General, the work was completed in 1988.

The ex-president of the SRSR, in addition, will soon be in Musseri (Abkhazia), located right on the sea, with a pier for underwater boats and stained glass windows, especially decorated by Zurab Tsereteli.

They began to dismantle this dacha immediately after he was abolished by the Secretary General in 1985. As the place was replaced by the leading Radian leaders, it is luxuriously built - there are guest rooms, an elevator, handmade stained glass windows, decorated with expensive marmur, porcelain and bronze chandeliers, a jacuzzi and expensive furniture. The existence of this writing dragged on until the collapse of the USSR. Now the waking place is empty.

"Barvikha-4"

The residence in Abkhazia is not the only place that bears the hallmarks of the great president of the USSR. At the end of the 80s, more precisely, until 1986, the Botkin-Guchkov family (near the village of Rozdori) was built especially for M. Gorbachov, the state dacha “Barvikha-4”.

It could rightfully be called a budinka, where Gorbachov hesitates - the president’s family courted her from 1986 to 1991 and spent almost an hour here. The residence occupied 66 hectares. There was a beach on the territory, and a water canal was built from the Moscow River to the residence.

“Barvikha-4” was launched in a record time - in just one month, and in the middle, besides the beach and rivers, there was also a children’s playground, gardens, an enclosure for dogs, a tennis court and a gym, leading to the emergency evacuation of the president.

After the installation of Gorbi, as the Germans call him, from the imprisonment of the President of the USSR, the dacha was taken over by the first President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin.

Regardless of whether Mikhailo Gorbachov is alive, he will forever feel comfortable. During the hour of the descent to the Radyansky “Olympus” and until today, the residences were changed one by one, but inevitably lost their high position.

Gorbachov Mikhailo Sergiyovich (born 1931), Secretary General of the CPRS(Berezen 1985 – Serpen 1991), President of the Union of Radian Socialist Republics(Berezen 1990 – breast 1991).

Born on 2 February 1931 in the village of Privilne, Chervonogvardiysky district, Stavropol Territory, in a rural homeland. 1942 fate, having been under the German occupation around the same time. At 16 Roki (1947) for high grinding of grain at once from the father on a combine harvester was fined Order of the Labor Red Prapor. In 1950, after graduating from school with a medal, with a connection to the High Country, without going to the Faculty of Law Moscow State University im. M. V. Lomonosova. He took an active part in the activities of the Komsomol organization at the university, joining the CPRS in 1952 (21 rivers). After graduating from university in 1955. bv directions to Stavropol to the regional prosecutor's office. He served as the intercessor of the head of the agitation and propaganda department of the Stavropol Regional Komsomol, the first secretary of the Stavropol Municipal Komsomol, then another and the first secretary of the regional Komsomol (1955–1962).

In 1962, the Gorbachev family moved to work in party organs. At that time, the Khrushchev reforms were under way in the country. The organs of the party servitude were divided into industries and villages. New management structures have appeared - territorial-viral management. The party career of M. S. Gorbachov ended with the imprisonment of the party organizer of the Stavropol territorial-viral agricultural administration (three rural districts). In 1967, his birth was completed in absentia Stavropol Rural Institute.

Infant born 1962 Gorbachov confirmed that he was the head of the department of organizational and party work of the Stavropol rural regional CPRS. 3rd spring 1966 Gorbachov - First Secretary of the Stavropol Municipal Party, born in 1968. yogo was chosen by another, and in kvitna 1970 r. - First Secretary of the Stavropol Regional Communist Party of the Russian Federation. In 1971 M. S. Gorbachov became member of the Central Committee of the CPRS.

At the leaf fall of 1978, Gorbachov became Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPRS for the nutrition of the agro-industrial complex, in 1979 - a candidate member, in 1980 - a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPRS. In the spring of 1985, under the patronage of A. A. Gromik, Gorbachev was elected at the plenum of the CPRS Central Committee as the General Secretary of the CPRS Central Committee.

1985 became a milestone in the history of the state and the party. The era of “stagnation” has ended (this is also what Yu. V. Andropov called the “Brezhnev” period). The time has begun for changes, for trying to reform the party-state body. This period in the history of the region was called "Perebudova" and associated with the idea of ​​“in-depth socialism.” Gorbachov started from a large-scale anti-alcohol campaign. The prices for alcohol were increased and sales were reduced, vineyards became increasingly impoverished, which gave rise to a whole set of new problems - the use of moonshine and all kinds of substitutes sharply increased, the budget experienced significant increases. In the spring of 1985, speaking at the party-state activists in Leningrad, the General Secretary did not acknowledge that the rate of economic growth in the region had decreased, and hung his head “accelerate socio-economic development”. Gorbachov withdrew support for his programmatic statements on XXVII Z'izd CPRS(1986) and at the Chervnevo (1987) plenum of the Central Committee of the CPRS.

In 1986–1987, determined to awaken the “mas” initiative, Gorbachev and his team set a course for development publicity and “democratization” of all aspects of married life. The communist party traditionally understood glasnost not as freedom of speech, but as freedom of “constructive” (loyal) criticism and self-criticism. However, the idea of ​​glasnost has gradually changed among progressive journalists and radical advocates of reforms, Zokrem, secretary and member of the Politburo of the CPRS Central Committee, friend of Gorbachov, A. N. Yakovleva, freedom of speech itself has developed. XIX Party Conference of the CPRS(Chern 1988) praised the resolution "About glasnost". Birch has 1990 adoptions "Law about friends", achieving the highest level of independence of the world under party control

Since 1988, the process of creating initiative groups to support the rebellion, popular fronts, and other post-detainment and non-party civil organizations was in full swing. As the processes of democratization began, and the control of the party decreased, the number of inter-national political parties that had been held until now became bare, and in several regions of the USSR, inter-national conflicts took place.

In Berezna, born 1989. The first events in the history of the USSR occurred in Vilnius election of people's deputies, the suspicions of which caused a shock in the party apparatus. In rich regions, the secretaries of party committees failed before the elections. Before the deputy corps came a number of practitioners of science (chiebto Sakharov, Sobchak, Starovoytovy), who critically assessed the role of CPRS in marriage. The meeting of people's deputies at the grassroots of the same fate demonstrated the persistence of various currents both in marriage and in the parliamentary middle. Where did Gorbachov go from here? head of the Supreme For the SSRSR(formerly the head of the Presidium of the Legislative Assembly of the USSR).

Gorbachov's family faced growing criticism. Some criticized him for the excessiveness and inconsistency of the reforms, others for haste; everyone indicated the super-chondacity of his policy. Thus, the laws on the development of cooperation and, at the same time, the laws on the fight against “speculation” were praised; laws on the democratization of enterprise management and, at the same time, on strengthening centralized planning; laws about the reform of the political system and free elections, and also about the “valuable role of the party” etc.

The attempts at reform were carried out based on the party-radyansky system itself - the Lenin-Stalinist model of socialism. The power of the General Secretary was absolute and had a lot to do with the balance of power in the Politburo of the Central Committee. The least important representatives of Gorbachov were surrounded by the international right. For the support of the Minister of Foreign Affairs E. A. Shevardnadze and A. N. Yakovleva Gorbachov acted effortlessly and effectively. Beginning in 1985 (after 6 and a half years of interruption in connection with the introduction of the Soviet troops into Afghanistan), the negotiations between the Soviet Union’s ministers and the presidents of the United States took place rapidly. R. Reagan, and then George Bush, presidents and prime ministers of other countries. In exchange for loans and humanitarian assistance, the USSR asked for great actions from the foreign policy, which at Sunset was perceived as weakness. In 1989, the birth of Gorbachov began withdrawal of Radian troops from Afghanistan, it happened fall of the Berlin wall that appeal to Nimechchina. Signed by Gorbachev, after the resignation of the socialist leader by the heads of the powers of similar Europe, in 1990. In Paris, together with the heads of the powers of other countries of Europe, as well as the USA and Canada, the “Charter for a New Europe” marked the end of the “Cold War” period of the late 1940s. end of the 1980s. Prote, on the cob 1992 rock B. N. Yeltsin and George Bush (senior) reiterated the end of the Cold War.

Domestic policy, especially the economy, increasingly showed signs of a serious crisis. After the law "About cooperation", which ensured the flow of finance to cooperatives, when there was an acute shortage of food and everyday goods, it was first introduced in 1946 card system. Since 1989, the process of disintegration of the political system of the Radyansky Union was in full swing. Inconsistent attempts to speed up this process with additional strength (in Tbilisi, Baku, Vilnius, Rizi) led to the same results, following the same central trends. Democratic leaders Interregional deputy group(B.N. Yeltsin, A.D. Sakharov and in) attracted thousands of rallies for their support. Until the end of 1990, almost all allied republics voted for their sovereignty (RRFSR - 12 June 1990), which gives them economic independence and the priority of republican laws over allied ones.

In 1991, a number of options were prepared before signing new union treaty(Union of Sovereign Republics - SSD). They gave me more time to sign up 9 from 15 allied republics. In 1991, there was an attempt at a coup d'état in which Gorbachov was usuned "behind the health camp" and the shock of the superintendent camp in the USSR, nicknamed in the press "August Putsch". Members of the union ranks who have risen to State Emergency Committee of the SRSR They canceled the signing of the treaty, transforming a single country into a confederation of sovereign republics. Prote, the conscripts did not show any resolve and then surrendered to Gorbachov, who they trusted in Foros. The failure of the State Emergency Committee gave further impetus to the disintegration of the state, which began. The mandate of the powers recognized the independence of the Soviet republics, also known as other allied republics. In the spring of 1991 woke up V Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR, which voiced "transition period" and dissolved itself, transferring power to a new body - Derzhradi SRSR What is happening between the heads of the eleven Union republics and the President of the USSR Gorbachev.

On the 6th spring, the Derzhrada of the USSR recognized the independence of the Baltic republics: Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, which had already been recognized by the UN on the 17th spring.

November 14, 1991 At Novoogaryovo, the participants in the meeting of the State of the USSR agreed on the text of the remaining version of the Union Treaty, which transferred the state structure to the Union of Sovereign Powers as a confederation and came out on the television with a statement that the Union would exist. Prote, the day before the scheduled signing, the 8th century near Bilovezkaya Pushcha (Belarus) was formed by the sustria of the three allied republics - the founders of the USSR: RRFSR (Russian Federation), Ukraine (URSR ) and Belarus (BRSR), during which the document was signed about the establishment of the SRSR This created replacement for the confederation of organizations: Friendship of Independent Powers (SND). On June 25, 1991, Gorbachev spoke on television about his rise to the esteem of the President of the USSR "based on principles of mirkuvan" and transferring control over the nuclear defense to President Yeltsin of the RRFSR.

From 1992 to the present, M. S. Gorbachov has been President of the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Research ( Gorbachov Foundation). He procrastinates at Nimechchina.

2011 celebrated the 80th anniversary at the London Concert Hall with pomp Albert Holy. Russian President D. A. Medvedev awarded Gorbachov the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called.

Approaching the hour of Gorbachova's rule:

• 1985, Berezen - at the plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachov was elected general secretary (Viktor Grishin was the main opponent in this position, due to the election of the young Gorbachov).
• 1985 – compliance with the “dry” law, drink on coupons.
• 1985, Lipen-Serpen - XII All-World Festival of Youth and Students
• 1986 – accident at the fourth power unit of the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Evacuation of the population from the “exclusion zone”. Construction of a sarcophagus over a ruined block.
• 1986 – Andriy Sakharov’s return to Moscow.
• 1987, today - stunned "Perebudov".
• 1988 – Holy Day of the thousandth anniversary of the Christianization of Russia.
• 1988 - the law “On Cooperation” in the USSR, which gave birth to modern entrepreneurship.
• 1989, 9 leaf fall - the Berlin Wall was destroyed, so that “the curtain fell.”
• 1989, February – the withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan was completed.
• 1989, May 25th - the First Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR began.
• 1990 – the annexation of the PDR (including Berlin) and the entry of Berlin to the FRN – before NATO was transferred to the border.
• 1990, Berezen - loss of the post of President of the USSR, which can be turned around in the elections by five fates. As a result, the first president of the SRSR was elected by the third Congress of People's Deputies, and M. S. Gorbachov became the head of the Supreme Council of the SRSR.
• 1990, 12 chernya - praising the declaration on the sovereignty of the RRFSR.
• 1991, 19th Serpnya - Serpneviy Putsch - an attempt by members of the Democratic Party of the Communist Party of Mikhail Gorbachov to be “behind the health camp” and thus preserving the USSR.
• 1991, 22 sickles – failure of the putschists. Defense of the Republican Communist Parties to most of the Union Republics.
• 1991, spring - the new governing body of the Derzhrada of the SRSR, together with the President of the SRSR Gorbachov, recognizes the independence of the Baltic Union Republics (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia).
• 1991, Breast - the heads of three allied republics: RRFSR (Russian Federation), Ukraine (URSR) and the Republic of Belarus (BRSR) near Bilovezka Pushcha sign “To promote the creation of mutual friendship between Independent Powers” ​​", which states the establishment of the SRSR. 12th Verkhovna Rada of the RRFSR ratifies and denounces the treaty on the creation of the USSR in 1922.
• 1991 - 25 years old M. Z. Gorbachov is retired from the presidency of the SRSR, by decree of the RRFSR President B. M. Yeltsin, the RRFSR power changed the name “Russian Federation”. Prote, it was enshrined in the constitution and was lost in the law of 1992.
• 1991 – 26th century the upper house of the Supreme Council of the USSR legally liquidates the USSR.