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• The simplicity of the prepared charging devices allows you to update the technical state of the battery in no time.
• Characteristics of the annex
• Voltage limits, V......180-230
• Transformer power, W......30-100
• Battery voltage, V......6/12
• Strum charge max, average, A......2
• Strum charge impulse max, A......5
• Strum discharge, ma......30-50
• Refreshment hour......6-12

Battery......a) open type;

b) closed type;

c) helium

Battery capacity and * life ...... from 10 to 240

When preserving or using car batteries, ensure that crystalline lead sulfate is deposited on the plates and terminals, which interferes with the normal operation of the battery.

In case of poor contact, the battery terminals, coated with sulfate, can be cleaned with a file with a large notch or an emery paper, but it is impossible to remove the sulfate from the battery plates using this method.

The solution is simple - update the battery with an external charging device using a biased voltage source.

Pulse charging devices are connected to such devices.

It is good to speed up the renewal of battery plates by the presence of a discharge storage column of a size that does not exceed 10% of the charging column.

The average flow charge when removing sulfation of the plates does not exceed the recommendations for charging by the plant, and the voltage to the charge in the pulse exceeds the standard twice as much, which speeds up the transfer of crystals from lead sulfate to amorphous lead.

The pulse hour is short and such charging with updates should not lead to excessive heating of the battery and warping of the plates.

Pulse renewal allows you to extend the life of the battery and update its working station.

Reducing the high-crystalline sulfation of battery elements reduces the internal support to the working level, self-discharge and interelectrode short circuits decrease, the voltage moves under the pressure, making it easier to start the car Ilya.

The charger, which is used, allows you to wipe out the device.

This device is not intended for use in radio electronic devices.

Principle diagram

The principle diagram of the charging device (Fig. 1) consists of power transformer T1 with external commutation switches SA1 and protection from re-engineering FU1.

The output windings of the transformer are switched by a jumper SA2 in line with the voltage of the battery GB1, which is being charged.

A half-wave pulse renewal circuit, with breaks between pulses equal to the hourly period of the positive pulse of the stream, lowers the temperature of the electrolyte and increases the time for recombination (overflow) of the electrolyte ions here.

The discharge discharge stream allows the electrolyte ion to accumulate potential energy, which is directed towards melting the “old” crystals into lead sulfate.

Control of the charging current on the galvanic device RA1 using an internal shunt.

Indication of the switching on of the viconn on the LED of the red light HL1, whose brightness can be used to judge the charge voltage and the presence of a current in the charge.

Capacitor C1 at the primary winding of the transformer and capacitor C2 at the primary winding of the transformer reduce the level of transients that occur when the circuit is re-microcirculated with the rectifying diode VD1, VD2.

The GB1 battery is connected to the charging device using an additional crocodile-type clamp.

The battery can be renewed without removing it from the car; first, the positive terminal of the car must be connected.

Switching jumpers SA1, SA2 are vicorstans in the form of edge toggle switches for a 3 A supply. Pulse diode VD1 - diode KD202-248.

Diode VD2 – D7, D226, KD226.

In extreme cases, creams are used directly in computer blocks of life.

Capacitor C1 type K17 with a voltage of 250-400 V. LED indicator HL1 can be installed with any kind of light.

Due to the presence of an ammeter of the designated stream, a galvanometer is used to indicate the output signal (indication of the output signal) with a piece shunt in the form of a spiral with a dart with a diameter of 0.6-1 mm - 10 V threads on the frame with a diameter of 1.6 cm. At the positive bus rupture In the meantime, the tester is connected to the charging device and the readings of the charging device are checked.

The number of turns of the shunt winding must be adjusted to the readings of the ammeter that operates.

Charging the battery

The presence of an ammeter makes it possible to carry out the process of recrystallization of the plates - at the beginning the charge is minimal, then the cleaning of the electrode plates during the crystallization of the strum increases to a maximum value and after an hour is considered to be the accumulator stage, as soon as the flow rate drops almost to zero value, which will Indicates the completion of battery renewal.

If the polarity of the GB1 battery is connected incorrectly, the LED does not light, the ammeter needle turns to the left - to discharge. Trivalet, if it is incorrectly connected, the battery cannot be trimmed, non-charging can lead to reverse polarity of the electrodes and further failure of the battery.

After several years of updating the battery capacity, the circuit elements are checked for heating, and if the results are satisfactory, the renewal is continued.

where I is the average charging line, A., and Q is the nameplate electrical capacity of the rechargeable battery, Ah.

A classic car battery charger consists of a step-down transformer, a rectifier and a charging regulator.

As regulators, the flow is controlled by sharp rheostats (div. Fig. 1) and transistor stabilizers.

In both cases, these elements show a significant thermal stress, which reduces the CCD of the charging device and increases the likelihood of its output from the fuse.

To regulate the charging circuit, you can change the capacitor magazine, which is connected sequentially with the primary (margin) winding of the transformer and selects the function of the reactive supports, which dampen the above-world voltage of the edges.

A description of such an extension is shown in Fig.

2.

In this circuit, thermal (active) tension is seen only on the diodes VD1-VD4 directly to the bridge and transformers, so the heating of the device is insignificant.

Not enough on Mal.

2 It is necessary to ensure that the voltage on the secondary winding of the transformer is once again higher than the lower rated voltage (~ 18÷20V).

The charger circuit, which ensures charging of 12-volt rechargeable batteries with a flow of up to 15 A, and the charging flow can be changed from 1 to 15 A in steps of 1 A, is set to Small.

3.

The ability to automatically turn on the device when the battery is fully charged has been transferred.

In the diagram in Fig.

4, the secondary winding of the transformer is responsible for the power supply, which is greater than the charging current, and, obviously, the voltage of the transformer is also due to the power supply, which is greater than the voltage associated with the battery.

This equipment contains only a few charging devices with a thyristor (thyristor) regulator.

Note:

The direct current diodes VD1-VD4 and the thyristor VS1 must be installed on the radiators.

It is possible to significantly reduce the voltage consumption in the trinistor, and therefore, to increase the CCD of the charging device, the control element can be moved from the secondary winding of the transformer to the primary winding.

such an extension is shown in Fig.

This equipment contains only a few charging devices with a thyristor (thyristor) regulator.

5.

The scheme has Small. 5 regulating valve is similar to the one installed in the front version. SCR VS1 is switched on diagonally to the rectangular bridge VD1 – VD4.

Very often, a problem arises from charging a car battery, in which case the charging device is not at hand, as in this situation.

Today I am writing this article, and I intend to explain all the different ways to charge a car battery, which is true.

Let's go!

METHOD FIRST - LAMP AND DIODE

This is one of the simplest methods of charging, the “charging device” is supposed to consist of two components - a basic heating lamp and a direct diode.

The main drawback of this charging lies in the fact that the current only cuts off the lower current, so at the output of the device we do not have a constant current, but it is possible to charge a car battery with such a current!

The light bulb is initially small, you can take a 40/60/100 watt lamp, the darker the lamp, the more streams at the exit, in theory, the lamp here is only for extinguishing the light.

Diod, as has already been said, to straighten the alternating voltage, it will inevitably cause tension, which is responsible for the insurance for the alternating voltage of no less than 400 Volts!

The flow rate may be more than 10A!

This is obov'yazkova's mind, even if you set the heat supply to heat, you may have to cool it down further.

And for the little one there is an option with one diode, although in this case the voltage will be 2 times less, so the charging time will increase (with a 150 Watt bulb, the battery is charged for 5-10 years to start the car it's frosty)

To increase the current charge, you can replace the frying lamp with other, more powerful devices - a heater, a boiler, etc.

DO NOT place heavy-duty folded SCHOTTKS in computer units, the smell will be even stronger, unless the return voltage of these diodes is close to 50-60 Volts, it will burn.

METHOD THREE - CAPACITOR

This method will cost more than everyone else, using a capacitor to suppress the charging process more safely, and the capacity of the capacitor is determined by the flow of charge.

The strum charge can easily be calculated using the formula

I = 2 * pi * f * C * U,

where U is the current voltage (Volts), C is the capacitance of the capacitor to be extinguished (uF), f is the frequency of the alternating current (Hz)
To charge a car battery, you need to fill a large charge (a tenth of the battery capacity, for example - for a 60 A battery, the charge is due to 6A), but to remove such a charge we need a whole battery with capacitors, which is surrounded by a charge of 1.3-1, 4A, for which, the capacitance of the capacitor is around 20 μF.

The capacitor is required to be made of flotation, with a minimum operating voltage of not less than 250 Volts, a premium version of capacitors of the MBGO type of domestic production.

DIY 12V battery charger

This charger was designed to charge car batteries, the output voltage is 14.5 volts, the maximum charge capacity is 6 A. You can also charge other batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, using the same output voltage This level can be adjusted within wide ranges.

Golovna

Software security
One of the wires to the battery should be routed through the light bulb to protect the battery from an electrical overdose
What came out as a result
I will continue testing with the connected LED strip
Strain voltage, V_ 180-230
Transformer power, W.......... 30-100
Battery voltage, V......... 6/12
Strum charge max, average, A............ 2
Strum charge impulse max, A....... 5
Strum discharge, mA.................................... 30-50

Renewal hour, h................... 6-12
Battery: a) open type;
b) closed type;
c) helium
Battery capacity, a * year ............. from 10 to 240
When preserving or using car batteries, ensure that crystalline lead sulfate is deposited on the plates and terminals, which interferes with the normal operation of the battery.
The solution is simple - update the battery with an external charging device using a biased voltage source.
Pulse charging devices are connected to such devices.
It is good to speed up the renewal of battery plates by the presence of a discharge storage column of a size that does not exceed 10% of the charging column.
The average charge flow when removing sulfetation of the plates does not exceed the recommendations for charging by the plant-producer, and the voltage to the charge in the pulse exceeds the standard rate twice, which accelerates the transfer of crystals from lead sulfate into amorphous lead.
The pulse hour is short and such charging with updates should not lead to excessive heating of the battery and warping of the plates.

Pulse renewal allows you to extend the life of the battery and update its working station.

The pulse hour is short and such charging with updates should not lead to excessive heating of the battery and warping of the plates.
Pulse renewal allows you to extend the life of the battery and update its working station.
Reducing the high-crystalline sulfation of battery elements reduces the internal support to the working level, self-discharge and interelectrode short circuits decrease, the voltage moves under the pressure, making it easier to start the car Ilya.
The principle diagram of the charging device (Fig. 1) consists of power transformer T1 with external commutation switches SA1 and protection from re-engineering FU1.
The output windings of the transformer are switched by a jumper SA2 in line with the voltage of the battery GB1, which is being charged.
Pulse pump VD1 is connected to one diode for the implementation of the necessary technology for updating battery plates.
A half-wave pulse renewal circuit, with breaks between pulses equal to the hourly period of the positive pulse of the stream, lowers the temperature of the electrolyte and increases the time for recombination (overflow) of the electrolyte ions here.
The discharge discharge stream allows the electrolyte ion to accumulate potential energy, which is directed towards melting the “old” crystals into lead sulfate.
Control of the charging current on the galvanic device RA1 using an internal shunt.
Indication of the switching on of the viconn on the LED of the red light HL1, whose brightness can be used to judge the charge voltage and the presence of a current in the charge.

Capacitor C1 at the primary winding of the transformer and capacitor C2 at the primary winding of the transformer reduce the level of transients that occur when the circuit is re-microcirculated with the rectifying diode VD1, VD2.
Indication of the switching on of the viconn on the LED of the red light HL1, whose brightness can be used to judge the charge voltage and the presence of a current in the charge.
Capacitor C1 at the primary winding of the transformer and capacitor C2 at the primary winding of the transformer reduce the level of transients that occur when the circuit is re-microcirculated with the rectifying diode VD1, VD2.
The GB1 battery is connected to the charging device using an additional crocodile-type clamp.
In the circuit of the charging device on a half-wave rectifier, there are daily purchased radio components that are used as electronic devices that serve their term.

Diode VD2 – D7, D226, KD226.
The presence of an ammeter makes it possible to carry out the process of recrystallization of the plates - at the beginning the charge is minimal, then the cleaning of the electrode plates during the crystallization of the strum increases to a maximum value and after an hour is considered to be the accumulator stage, as soon as the flow rate drops almost to zero value, which will Indicates the completion of battery renewal.
If the polarity of the GB1 battery is connected incorrectly, the LED does not light, the ammeter needle turns to the left - to discharge.
Trivalet, if it is incorrectly connected, the battery cannot be trimmed, non-charging can lead to reverse polarity of the electrodes and further failure of the battery.
After several years of updating the battery capacity, the circuit elements are checked for heating, and if the results are satisfactory, the renewal is continued.
Relying on a small number of elements, the circuit is assembled in a case of a computer life block or type BP-1 with hanging mounting with installation of toggle switches, HL1 LED, galvanometer RA1 on the front panel, the locker is mounted on the back This is the station.
The presence of an ammeter makes it possible to carry out the process of recrystallization of the plates - at the beginning the charge is minimal, then the cleaning of the electrode plates during the crystallization of the strum increases to a maximum value and after an hour is considered to be the accumulator stage, as soon as the flow rate drops almost to zero value, which will Indicates the completion of battery renewal.

The VD1 diode is installed on a radiator measuring 50*30*20 mm.
The connection between the charging device and the battery is made with a high-conductor wire of 2.5 mm vinyl insulation.

Volodimir Konovalov, Oleksandr Vanteev

m. Irkutsk-43, a/s 380

There is no point in choosing your own charging devices for car batteries: stores have a great selection of ready-made devices, and their prices are reasonable.

However, let’s not forget about those who are happy to make crafts with their own hands, since a simple charging device for a car battery can be assembled entirely from spare parts, and its price will be exactly the same.

In essence, this is a double-voltage rectifier, which is connected to the transformer: the fragments at the output of such rectifiers are equal to the rated voltage of the exchanger, multiplied by the root of two, then when 10V on the winding of the transformer is taken away by 14.1 at the output of the charging device.

The right place to take is one with a direct flow of more than 5 amperes, or take it from several diodes, using the same methods to select a vibrating ammeter to the flow.

For the head, place it on a radiator, which in the simplest form has an aluminum plate no less than 25 cm2 square.

The attractiveness of such a device is not only a minus: due to the fact that there is no regulation or automatic switching on, you can use it to “reanimate” sulfated batteries.

However, one should not forget about the presence of protection due to polarity reversal in this circuit.

The main problem is to find a transformer of adequate voltage (not less than 60 W) and the specified voltage.

You can use it if you come across a Radian incandescent transformer.

The regulated charger circuit is easy to replicate and can be easily assembled by hanging mounting without the need to etch the wire board.

However, make sure that the field-effect transistors are placed on a radiator, which will heat up noticeably.

It's easier to use an old computer cooler and connect the fan to the outputs of the charging device.

Resistor R1 has a voltage of at least 5 W, and it’s easier to wind it with a chrome or wire independently or connect 10 single-watt 10 ohm resistors in parallel.

You may or may not install it, or you cannot forget that it protects the transistors when the terminals are shorted.
When choosing a transformer, focus on the output voltage of 12.6-16V, take either a filament transformer that connects two windings in series, or select a ready-made model with the required voltage.

Video: The simplest battery charger

Reworking a laptop charger

However, you can do without the sounds of a transformer, since you have an unnecessary charging device on hand for a laptop - with simple processing, we can obtain a compact and lightweight pulsed power supply unit for charging car batteries.

We connect the resistor and install an adjustable one instead of the new one, adjusting it in advance using a multimeter on the same reference.

Then, having connected the voltage to the output of the charging device (a light bulb from the headlight), we turn on the trimmer motor intermittently and turn it smoothly, simultaneously controlling the voltage.

As soon as we receive a voltage between 14.1-14.3 V, we turn on the memory from the circuit, fix the motor of the resistor coated with varnish (for nails, for example) and remove the housing back.

It took no more than an hour, less than you spent reading this article.

They have complex stabilization schemes, and they can be used in Chinese units.