How to choose the right outdoor LED lamp or spotlight. Details about the choice of LED spotlights How the spotlights become tighter

It is important to re-evaluate the importance of lighting fixtures in immediate marriage. The stench is vikorist through where “the foot of a man steps.” This meant a wide variety of lamps in different categories.

The LED spotlight is not to blame: in electrical stores and on the pages of many online stores you can find several different types of viruses, which differ in their characteristics and technical and operational characteristics, which The robots and kintsev's varity will come to mind. To choose the right spotlight, it is important to look at all types, consider the advantages, advantages and disadvantages.

View of the spotlights behind the light shaft

Depending on the type of light that is used, spotlights are divided into several main types. The smells can be halogen, sodium, light-emitting diode or metal halide. Report on skin type:

First of all, as soon as it was too light to install a halogen lamp. Essentially, we are talking about a fully equipped frying lamp. The function is connected with the inner empty flask, which is filled with inert gas, which advances the operating time.
Sodium floodlights operate using gas-discharge lamps. In the first type, the flask contains not inert gases, but sodium vapor, so that the light changes.

Metallic halogen types are distinguished by the stagnation of gas-discharge lamps, higher brightness and foldability of the structure, supplemented by a desmoldering unit. It is necessary to adhere to special operating rules.
LED spotlights operate on a matrix with LED diodes. To replace others, more compact and durable.

Installation of LED spotlight

In the warehouse of this device you can see three main elements - the housing, the matrix with LEDs and the driver for stabilizing the flow. The set of components is nothing compared to a standard street-type LED lamp.

The light-emitting diode matrix is protected under a clear dry cover with inserted edges and dispensers. By unscrewing the fastening elements, you can remove the cover and gain access to the LEDs.

Because the body of the lightening unit vibrates from cast aluminum and other corrosion-resistant metals. Select on the rust of aluminum for excellent power that conducts heat. The matrix in the middle of the body is secured with additional screws, of which there can be two to four pieces. For more reliable operation of the acid product generator, turn off the gap between the body and the matrix and add heat-conducting paste.

There is a cable on the back of the spotlight for connection to life. The presence of a humic puck, which is inserted into the opening, protects the device from the ingress of moisture. The towers are released from the brackets, which are wrapped to ensure good fastening to the towers and stops. The option with ribbed walls is even shorter for the body, which ensures maximum heat transfer.

Below the rear cover of the LED spotlight, a power supply unit is installed, which is used to transform the industrial flow stream with a voltage of 220 volts from a stationary stream, which is suitable for the operation of the device.

Advantages and disadvantages

See both positive and negative aspects during the operation of these devices. To begin with, we will overestimate the advantages of LED spotlights:

minimum energy consumption – 8-10 times less, less when using emergency heating lamps, and 3-4 times less with energy-saving devices;
trivial term of service - at least 10 years;
When preparing vikorist, environmentally friendly materials are used so as not to pose a threat to people dovkilla.

To be short, here we can mean the following:

road - and in the case of floodlights on LED diodes, the terms of operation do not always demonstrate effectiveness, so the device does not pay for itself (however, with the advent of technical standards and the evidence of additional reinsurance nya virib pratsyuvatime not less than 7-8 days);
continuous operation until the LEDs go out of tune - the brightness gradually decreases, and then the components completely burn out;
to improve durability it is important to use vicor additional equipment cooling and a block of life, which will again lead to financial expenses.

Classification of LED floodlights

When choosing a device, you are guided by various parameters that allow you to classify them. The intensity of the spotlights varies, and this parameter can be changed between 10-1000 W. The situation is similar with brightness, which can reach 700 or over 30,000 lm.

Klas zakhistu IP

You will have a lot of success with the protection level (Internal Protection). The IP XY marking indicates how well the devices are used to resist the saw and data, where X and Y are expressed in digital values. The more you stink, the better the protection.

Apply axle:

IP20 – such lighting devices can be used for internal lighting systems, as long as they do not harm saws and irradiators.
IP21-22 – more thorough devices that are used in unheated rooms (protected from condensation).
IP23 – these devices practically do not differ in any way from the previous ones, except that installation on the street is permissible.
IP50 – the body of the floodlights is resistant to damage from saws, which allows them to be installed at industrial sites. At the same time every day there is a shortage of water.
IP54 – a reduced version of the front fittings with additional protection against moisture. Suitable for use in rooms with by moving equals Vologosti.
IP67-68 - high rhubarb insulation, which allows installations to be installed under water.

Range

The range of adjustments appears at the color temperature and can range from 3500 to 6500 K. As the color temperature increases, the color becomes lighter and the color becomes darker and colder. If there is a problem with the intensity of the light flow due to the intensity and temperature, then the butt can be aimed like this:

40 W floodlights with a color temperature of 6500 K are characterized by a flux of 4000 lm;
at a reduced temperature of up to 5000 K, the parameter is increased to 3600 lm;
3500 K - 3000 lm, etc.

Spotlights with a temperature of 3700-4300 K are warm, 4500-5500 K are neutral, 6000 K are cold and white.

Cool colors are considered to be more effective when the area is lightened, which gives a blue tint. If you want to highlight the reading area or working area, the color temperature may exceed 5000°C.

Note. It is often possible to have different colored LED projectors that use RGB technology.

Matrix

The matrix for light LED spotlights can be composed of two types of diodes - cluster and SOD. Matrices with numerical SOD diodes are cheaper to construct than those with cluster components. On the other hand, clarity great amount Light and interchange elements until the parameters are released. When one or two people get along well, the attraction for everyone else increases. The term of operation of cluster devices is 3-4 times worse (other than 30-40% higher).

Cluster spotlights contain a matrix with high-quality LEDs of the 5050, 5630 series and identical parameters. The small surface area that dissipates light allows uniform flow to form, and the service life reaches 30,000 years without loss of efficiency.

Selection parameters

When choosing LED spotlights, it is necessary to take into account several factors and parameters below. Also, pay close attention to the material from which the body is made, the quality of the radiator and the level of protection.

Case material

All devices are made of stainless steel and light-colored aluminum alloy. Tse garniy option If the LED spotlight is used in the middle of living rooms, and if it is necessary to stand in an open air, then such a design is more likely to fail (corrosive processes may occur between the two metals).

Radiator size

Do not worry about the radiator - the order of the driver is the most important component to ensure the longevity of the device. On the right is that a rotten radiator is not designed to ensure normal heat transfer to the matrix. Choosing between two new LED spotlights, use the largest radiator.

class zakhistu

It is also not recommended to save money by buying spotlights without harming the saw and the vologi. This is especially true for these types of situations, if the device will be used outside of its original state. Ideally, the housing should be protected with protection no lower than IP54.

Driver

The life block, which converts a changeable flow into a permanent one, has its own term of operation. There is an electrical element made from electrolytic capacitors that tends to dry out and waste its reserve capacity. Primary capacitor for uninterrupted operation for 10,000 years, I'll add a garage the parameter can go up to 30,000, for an expensive Japanese one – up to 50,000.

Pay attention to the tightness of the driver. If there is a sealant or compound on the board, then it won’t go well if you get the least amount of water.

Since it is impossible to get hung up on a specific manufacturer, a number of different companies produce devices that are characterized by the same type of operation. Despite its advantages and shortcomings, the final choice lies with the authorities and planned financial expenditures.

Here are the nuances that will increase your respect:

Consistent with statistical data, branded generators are more effective and durable for cheap Chinese ones, made from low-grade materials.
As a matter of fact, the virobniks are singing the song of some of the whores and low-priced ones. The service began here technical control or they were pleased to “squash their eyes.” For such reasons, you can consume an obscure branded virus in a store. You can’t just say anything about a specific vibrator.
The greater the quality of the device, the greater the terms of operation and warranty service, which allows for trouble-free repairs or replacement of problems at times of unsatisfactory output, as long as the minds of operation have not been damaged. Chinese floodlights have no such ability.
Build your respect on numbers additional functions, as they become during operation. For example, lamps can be supplemented with sensors or photographic relays to simplify operation and save energy. You independently set the length of time for which the spotlight will shine.

Spotlights are available for stationary and mobile devices. In the first case, for reliable functioning of the device, the screws must be fixed to the wall, pedestal, foot, etc. Moreover, in order to transfer possession from place to place, it will be necessary to dismantle it. Another option will ensure the ability to manually move the spotlight, and even the shortest, if the lighting device needs to be installed on public squares, cities, etc.
For outdoor floodlights, the protection level of the housing is at least IP65. The ideal would be to purchase a device with IP68, but the quality of such products is significant. Regardless, in a brightly lit yard or country plot, try to place spotlights under the visors and other dry elements.
At home, light-emitting diodes with a matrix or one diode can be used.
Give priority to the device with an aluminum casing.
The functionality of the device lies above the form. Square beams can be aligned for uniform illumination of large territories, while round ones can give a straight stream to the entire object. They are often used for illumination of swimming pools, ponds, building facades or in landscape design.

Budget option

Today you can find products from a number of branded manufacturers on the market. The companies Philips, Osram, Hyundai have long established their reputation for themselves, and even Feron, Luna, Jazzway, and they practically cannot be compromised.

These are the Chinese options, which are much better than the cheap Chinese ones due to the protected parameters behind the passport. We present to your respect a review of inexpensive 50 W floodlights from three different sources:

The protection level indicates that such options can be used in open air. The price of the skin from the list of spotlights does not exceed 2500 rubles. The actual value of the light flux is lower, but not more than 5-10%. The operating temperature range must be -40 to +60 degrees. Celsius. And yet, be careful to pay attention to the radiator - if it is small, it is not recommended to use the device on a hot summer day.

The LED spotlight is a universal lighting device that is used in many areas of life. More expensive models can be used practically for all intents and purposes. Characterized by a clear light flow, minimal consumption of electrical energy and the absence of the need for constant maintenance throughout the entire term of operation. If possible, it is necessary to purchase branded devices. All the best options are among the fewest known companies!

Spotlight– this is a light electrical device that will ensure high concentration of light flow in the middle of a small area of the body.

See the classification
outdoor LED lamps and spotlights

Behind the confessions, the spotlights flash:

Distant action (stand up to illuminate the objects located on the Great Road).
Flooding light (for illuminating large squares, for example, stadiums, theatrical squares).
Signal (for transmission).
Accent (for local highlighting of objects).

Yak dzherela light Street lamps and spotlights are installed:

LED.
LED matrices.
Metal halide lamps.
Mercury lamps.
Xenon lamps.

Behind the class zakhistu (ІР) When a saw or water gets into the body of a street lamp or spotlight, stench is released to the robot:

In closed areas (IP40).
It's just heaven on the street (IP64).
Under water (IP68).

In today's street lamps and spotlights, instead of lamps, LEDs or LED matrices are installed, since for all technical characteristics it is impossible to replace lamps of any type. The main advantage of the light-colored dzherel is the low tension and great term of service. In this case, regardless of the higher purchase price of street LED lighting fixtures, operating costs are kept low, which ensures greater savings on the part of the long-term owner. th prospects.

LEDs and LED matrices through design features There is a narrow circle of light flow fluctuations (close to 120°), and as a result, it has become difficult to clearly classify the light fixtures. Since the LED lamp has LEDs or LED matrices installed on the same surface, then it is already behind the designated spotlight.

Behind the scenes, there are LED spotlights:

Landscapes (designed for the development of greenery in parks or on country plots).
Architectural structures (installed for decorative lighting of buildings, monuments and monuments).
Lighting stations (serve for illumination of courtyard areas, open squares, sidewalks and highways).

How the light source of street lamps and spotlights stagnates:

Spot LEDs.
LED matrices.

The photo shows a line of LED street lamps of the DIUS type, made from frozen LEDs with a density of 1 watt. These street lamps are equipped with a driver, which is a sealed self-contained unit that is connected to LED block I'll ask you for help. The driver is secured to the lamp body with additional screws and can be easily removed from a different board with LEDs whenever it is needed for replacement for repairs.

Outdoor luminaires with spot LEDs are easy to repair, since it is possible to quickly replace the driver, and if one LED goes out of order, it can be replaced with the same one yourself, as when repairing an LED One light bulb.

This photograph shows a classic LED street floodlight, in which a LED matrix is embedded as a means of progressive lighting. If the thickness of the LED matrix does not exceed 50 watts, then a number of LED matrices are installed in the thicker matrix luminaires. The driver of this type of lamps is installed in the middle of the body, which requires the driver to remove the lamp from its installation location.

The light-emitting diode matrix has a lining on which a number of light-emitting diode crystals are mounted, and whenever one of them goes out of tune, the entire matrix becomes unusable. On the light, the LED matrix of the LED spotlight burned out due to overheating, which was never repaired. It clearly shows squares that contain light-emitting diode crystals. The cost of a LED matrix is expensive, so in view of the cost of repairs, street lamps with spot LEDs are more economical.

In the photograph of the performances there is a light-emitting diode spotlight, in which, as a substitute, the light of the vikoristan is SMD LED. The replacement of the LED matrix in spotlights allows you to replace only the LED that burns out, and not the matrix as a whole, which significantly reduces operating costs .

Installation of outdoor LED matrix lamp

The external appearance of the LED spotlight from the side of the LED matrix installation is shown in the photo above. If you unscrew the screws and remove the dry cover from the optical glass and the reflector that displays, you will have access to the LED matrix.

As can be seen from the photograph, the spotlight has a lithium-aluminum alloy body, which simultaneously serves to remove heat from the matrix. The matrix is secured to the body with the help of two screws, although the design of the body and the matrix transmits fastening with the help of four screws. It looks like the virobnik has protected himself on gwents. The presence of a gap between the projector body and the matrix lining, together with the heat-conducting paste, will ensure good heat transfer from the crystals and, as a result, reliable operation of the projector as a whole.

And this is what the spotlight looks like from the rear side. The girder wire, for sealing the crimps with a special nut, enters the cover, secured with screws through the silicone gasket to the body of the spotlight. To secure the spotlight to the stand or wall, a bracket is provided that wraps around. The body of the spotlight has chipped vertical ribs, which serve for more efficient heat dissipation, which is seen by the matrix.

Under the back cover of the spotlight there is a driver that converts a moderate voltage of 220 V into a voltage with a stabilized beam, which is necessary for the operation of the LED matrix.

As you can see, the built-in LED spotlight is very simple and folds into the housing, driver and LED matrix. Also, if there is a light-colored street lamp, the only ones will be exposed from the outside looking in and constructive wicones.

Select an outdoor LED lamp or spotlight

In order to correctly choose an outdoor lamp that will spend a lot of time and effectively illuminate the required area, it is necessary to understand its technical characteristics oh the parameters.

Behind the class zakhistu IP

The main technical characteristic, first and foremost, to gain respect when choosing any outdoor lamp, is its resistance to the entry of solid particles and water into the body. LED luminaires are marked by all manufacturers, one at a time international standard. The protection class of the branded product is indicated in accordance with the relevant standard for the protection of electrical equipment. external factors IEC-952.

Preliminary table of marking the protection of lamps due to the influx of external factors.
Serial number of the digital sequence of the marking	Appointment at Markuvanna	Decoding the assignment
The class is protected from the influx of external factors	IP	The protection class of a branded product is indicated in accordance with the applicable electrical protection standard due to the influence of external factors IEC-952
First digit after IP, protection against penetration of solid objects
	0	There is no zakhista
	1	Penetration of bodies with a diameter of 50 mm or more
	2	Penetration of bodies with a diameter of 12 mm or more, up to 30 mm more than 80 mm
	3	Penetration of bodies with a diameter of 2.5 mm or more
	4	Penetration of bodies with a diameter of 1 mm or more
	5	It is allowed to burnish the saw in an amount insufficient to destroy the usefulness of possession
	6	Hitting the saw is not allowed
Another digit after IP, to protect against damage to the middle of the body	0	There is no zakhista
	1	See the drops of water that fall vertically
	2	See the drops of water that fall at 15°
	3	See the drops of water that fall under the water 60°
	4	The kind of water that is sprinkled under whatever water
	5	Like a stream of water that is sprinkled under whatever pool
	6	Type of strong jet of water (100 l/h, 100 kPa)
	7	Type of water loss when wedged to a depth of up to 15 cm
	8	Type of wastage of water when wet

Having looked at the data in the table, it is easy to determine which class of protection from the influx of external factors is caused by the LED lamp and make the right choice. For example, when a lamp is installed on the floor of the sky, solid particles from the surface and water from rainfall can penetrate into its body. Therefore, it is necessary to choose an outdoor lamp with a protection class no lower than IP64, where the number 6 means that saws are not allowed to get into the body, and 4 means that there is no protection from water that is sprayed under any hood.

For lightening on the level of the coating

At the initial stage of choosing an outdoor lamp, it is necessary to determine, based on the object of illumination, the amount of lightness on the surface that is being illuminated.

The lightness of the surface is usually measured in lux, which is briefly indicated OK and rely on an additional device called Luxmeter. To represent the lightness of surfaces in lux (the word is similar to the Latin word lux, translated into Russian word - light), you can level it with lightness, which will ensure last month In clear weather, it's only 0.2 lux. And straight sleepy exchanges create a brightness of 100,000 lux on the ground. For fine paintings, such as jewelry, a brightness level of 300 lux is sufficient.

The norms for surface lightening are regulated by the government document: “Natural and artificial lighting” - SNiP 05/23/2010, which is the updated edition of SNiP 23-05-95 (Natural norms and rules approved by order of the Ministry of Regional Development in Russia it was introduced in 2011). To select an outdoor lamp, there is sufficient information provided in the table below.

Vimogi SNiP 05/23/2010 to the middle horizontal lightening on the level of the surface
Lighted objects		Average horizontal lightness, lux
Main pedestrian streets, non-traversable parts of areas of category A, B and pre-factory areas		10
Pilgrim streets	at the borders of huge centers	6
Pilgrim streets	in other territories	10
Sidewalks reinforced in front of pedestrian areas on streets of the category	A and B	4
	U	2*
Landing squares for public transport on streets of all categories		10
Pilgrimage places		10
Walking tunnels	in a day	100
Walking tunnels	evenings and nights	50
The descent of pedestrian tunnels in the evening and at night		20
Footpaths of boulevards and squares that adjoin the streets	A	6
	B	4
	U	2
Territories of microdistricts
Drive	main	4
Drive	other rows, including sidewalks	2
Lord's Maidans and Maidans at Smittezbirniks		2
Children's Maidans in the localities are growing equipment for crumbling games		10
* The norm is also expanding for the lighting of sidewalks that adjoin the roadway of streets of categories B and B with transitional and lower types of coatings

Z Table Veliva, Sho Yakshcho Buda, the superficiality of the superficial tester is forgotten, behind the veneer of the pishokhіdny tuneliv ib, Shcho, not more than 10 lcs, then whims of SNiP 23-05-2010 will be in full swing.

When choosing the level of lightness of the surface of the trace, twist it so that over time the brightness of the LEDs will decrease, and the light flow from the lamp will change. In order to guarantee the consistency of illumination of the surface in accordance with SNiP during the entire service life of the lamp, select a lamp with no less than a double supply of light flux. For example, if the table requires an average horizontal illumination of 10 lux, then it is necessary to select values of 20-30 lux when selecting a lamp.

Technical characteristics of street lamps

After selecting the class of protection that is responsible for the lamp and the level of brightness that needs to be provided on the surface that is being lightened, you can proceed to selecting the LED lamp for other technical characteristics.

Table of technical characteristics of outdoor LED lamps
Parameter	One in the world	Magnitude	Comments
Operating temperature range	°C (degrees Celsius)	-60°~+40°	The ambient temperature of any lamp must comply with the stated technical characteristics
class zakhistu	Indicated by IP	table more	The purpose of the lamp is to preserve efficiency in the minds of drinking and drinking water
Voltage range	V (volts)	100-265	The range of changes in the voltage value within which the luminaire preserves efficiency and ensures the technical characteristics stated by the manufacturer
tension has been relieved	W (Wat)	-	The tightness that the lamp endures during the hour of work as a measure of life
Tension experienced by the LED module	W (Wat)	-	The intensity of the LEDs when the lamp is on
Light flow	lm, lm (lumen)	Lie down due to fatigue	The amount of light flux visible to the eye people, as the lamp glows
Light efficiency	lm/W	80-100	The amount of light changes the lamp per watt of light intensity. The larger the size, the more economical the lamp
Level of illumination from the stand	m-lk	Lie down due to fatigue	The amount of surface brightness depends on the distance from the lamp. When moving away from the lamp, the brightness decreases in proportion to the square of the distance from the lamp.
Kut viprominyuvannya	° (degree)	Lie under the structure	The standard cut-out for LED luminaires is folded at 120°
Svitlova Plyama	m×m	Lie under the structure	Dimensions of the flat surface on which the lamp can shine in a position from the stand to it
tension factor	φ (cosine phi)	0,5-0,95	Lie under the driver circuits, the larger the value, the clearer the driver. In bright lamps φ>0.95
color temperature	K (degrees Kelvin)	3000-6000	Characterizes the shade of white light. Outdoor lamps should be chosen from color temperatures of 4000K or 5000K
Color index (CRI)	Ra	0-100	The color index characterizes the change in color of objects illuminated with a natural light-colored lamp. For clear color transfer, the CRI value must be at least 80.
Light flux pulsation coefficient	Kp, %	0-20	Lie under the driver circuits, which is less in a steady flow of pulsation, then a clearer driver. In bright lamps Kp<5%
Service lines	yew. godin	50-100	Over the years, degradation of the LED crystals occurs and the light output of the lamp changes. When the light flux of the lamp is reduced by 50%, it is considered faulty
Introducing the ruhu sensor	-	-	Allows you to save energy by turning on the lamp only when objects appear in the lighting zone that are collapsing.
Introduced brightness sensor	-	-	Provides automatic dimming of the lamp when it gets dark
Incorporate noise sensor	-	-	Provides automatic dimming of the lamp when the specified level of acoustic noise exceeds
overall dimensions	mm×mm×mm	Lie down due to fatigue	Due to the increased strength of the lamp, its overall dimensions will increase
Vaga	kg	Lie down due to fatigue	With increased pressure on the lamp, your vagina will increase

Documentation sources for LED luminaires do not include all the items listed in the technical specifications table, although the reflection is not the same. This is connected with the lanterns to grab the right amount of yakost of the street lamp. The more parameters are specified in the passport or technical description of the lamp, the more accurately it can be confirmed that the luminaire has high luminosity.

Formula and online calculator for developing parameters

When selecting an outdoor LED lamp, it is necessary to obtain the necessary lightness of the surface, which is visible in suites, Calculate the value of the light flux of the lamp that appears in lumens. And at this stage of choosing a lamp, difficulties may arise, since not everyone knows how to place one type of physical value.

Light flow denoted by the Latin letter F, turns into lumens This indicates the amount of light intensity produced by the light source, the street lamp has a lamp, an LED or a LED matrix.

Surface brightness, denoted by the Latin letter E, appears in suites and lie proportionally to the amount of light flux F. The greater the light intensity of any lamp, the brighter the light.

Lightening at an equal distance from a light source on a surface with an area of 1 m 2 of 1 lux is created whenever a light flow of 1 lumen falls on it. When the lamp is removed from the surface that is being illuminated, its brightness decreases back in proportion to the square of the background. For example, the brightness of the surface with a window of one meter from the lamp becomes 900 lux. If you raise the lamp to a height of 2 meters, then the surface illumination will change by 4 times, and if by 3 meters, then it will change by 9 times and a total of 100 lux.

Thus, in order to calculate the light flow of the lamp, it is necessary to multiply the necessary level of surface lightness by its area, to obtain the following formula: F=E× S.

De: F lm; E OK; S– surface area that is illuminated, measured in square meters, indicated m 2;

Known well-established laws and a school geometry course, it is not difficult to put together a new formula for estimating the necessary intensity of the light flow of the lamp resulting from the necessary illumination of the surface, the height of its suspension and the height of the light. cinder flow.

de: F– the light flux that appears in lumens is indicated lm; E– surface brightness, which appears in lux, is indicated OK; π - Number Pi, more than 3.14; h– stand in front of the lamp to the surface that is illuminated, measured in meters, indicated m; A- Where the light flux of the lamp is measured, expressed in degrees, indicated ° ;

Extract the light flow manually using an online calculator, which calculates according to the given formula.

In the formula, I did not introduce coefficients to ensure the unevenness of illumination, which reflects the appearance of the surface of the area being illuminated, and the objects placed on it, reducing sweat the intensity of the light flow of the lamp over time, so it is impossible to determine their exact value.

Example of setting up parameters

Apparently, the more illuminated the territory is in the dark, the more comfortable people are. Therefore, in order to account for all possible losses in the intensity of the light flow, including changes with the hour of brightness, the lamp must be replaced (the distributors respect that the lamp has exhausted its resource, if the intensity of the light flow decreased by 50% in cob). I recommend increasing the brightness of the area as soon as possible.

For example, the territory in front of the estate's cottage or garage with an area of 10 m2 is particularly hard, so for comfortable illumination of the square in the yard there is a need for a lamp that will ensure illumination of at least 10 lux, I want to get Vimogs SNiP 05/23/2010 enough 2 Z urahuvannyam Of the list of factors that influence the brightness, instead of 10 lux in the online calculator, 30 is prescribed. The hand place on the wall of the country house is at a height of 4 m.

We will insert the data into the final online calculator. It is clear that for proper illumination of the square, the necessary lamp with a 120° adjustment will ensure a light flow of 1508 lm. In this case, the area of the territory will be illuminated to a large extent - 50 m 2.

Since this size of the area is obvious, it is possible to change the angle of the street lamp, for example, up to 80°. In this case, you will need a lamp with a light flux of 470 lm and an area of 23.5 m2.

If possible, you can adjust the height of the lamp pendant. For example, hang the lamp at a height of 2 m. The area to be illuminated is 12.6 m2, and the intensity of the light flow will be 337 lm. The less intense the light flow of the lamp, the less energy is available. This is especially true during the three-hour period when using a street lamp or spotlight.

On average, according to the table below, LED lamps produce a light flux of 100 lumens per watt of active power (100 lm/W), which is difficult for the amount of light flux produced Use the lamp to evaluate how much pressure you will need. Therefore, it is necessary to divide the value of the illuminated light flux by 100. For the remaining butt you will see: 377 lm: 100 lm/W = 3.7 W. For accurate design, it is necessary to quickly refer to the technical characteristics of the selected lamp model.

Table of light flows and output of popular light fixtures
Type of dzherel light	Light flow, lm	Light output, lm/W
Roaster lamp 25 W	220	9
Roaster lamp 100 W	1340	13
Roaster lamp 200 W	3040	15
Halogen frying lamp 220 V, 55 W	900	16
IRC halogen frying lamp 12 V	1700	26
Fluorescent lamp 36 W	2850-3350	71-84
Fluorescent lamp 215 W	17500	81
Metallogenic gas discharge lamp 250 W	20100	80
Metallogenic gas discharge lamp 400 W	35000-42000	88-105
Metallogenic gas discharge lamp 2000 W	17500	81
Mercury arc lamp (MAL) 400 W	24000	50-60
Induction lamp 40 W	2800	90
Gas discharge lamp (automotive xenon) 35 W	3000-3400	93
LED lamp 2700K, 6 W	400	67
LED lamp 2700K, 13 W	1000	77
LED lamp 4500K, 10 W	935	94
LED Luminus CSM-360 80 W	6000	115
LED Cree XLamp XHP70 32 W	4022	150
Sontse	3.63×10 28	93

Given that a sufficient supply of surface illumination is included in the design, then for complete illumination of an area of 10 m 2 in front of the gantry of the castle, you can safely buy any street LED light A heater with a pressure of 4 W for the washbasin, which will be suspended at a height of 2 m. and mother kut with a light flow of 80°.

If, as a result of the expansion, the tension of the lamp turned out to be great, then it is necessary to install a number of lamps of lesser tension, the total tension of which may be no less than the expansion. In this way, more uniform illumination of the surface will be achieved, and if one of the lamps breaks down, the territory will still be illuminated.

Today, the assortment of light-LED spotlights comes in a large number of different models, each with its own characteristics and soft colors that fit directly into the device. The correct approach to choosing such a lamp will allow you to add a bright touch without spending a lot of money on this addition. Our article will help you understand the different types of spotlights, their features, as well as the main advantages for purchasing this light fixture.

The sphere of zastosuvannya ta dzherela svetla, scho vykoristovuyutsya.

A lighting device, which, at first glance, was seen as a lighting spotlight for the public square, various stage structures and facades of spores. Today's devices have found their stagnation important in the territories of the mixed budinki.

Widely wide outdoor LED floodlights were used to organize the illumination of various plots of land to be protected, which could include car parks, public service areas, warehouse premises, airports , various architectural objects, restaurants, bars, etc.

Floodlights are classified according to the standard lamps, which stand as a light source. In this case, lightening devices are divided into:

light days;
halogen;
metal halide;
sodium.

The most popular and effective ones light days spotlights. The main advantages of such devices include:

small amount of collected electrical energy;
trivial period of work (over 50,000 years, then – over 10 years);
there is a risk of damage due to vibration;
high level of protection ІР;
protection from thermal action (the optimal temperature range ranges from -30 to + 40o C);
the ability to turn on the uncircumscribed quantity;
unsustainable disposal;
resistance to minor mechanical damage;
the number of generous speeches that will ensure the safety of the victorious city;
high light output;
vіdutnіstі nіstіnіsіnі nіtіnіѕ consumption at additional entries in serviced;
Resistance to voltage surges.

Until a few light-colored lamps are light, it is necessary to avoid their high level of heat. Please note that what you spend on an LED device will pay off in the next few years.

Halogen Lighting devices are second in popularity. The main advantage of these devices lies in the low level of color transfer and high level of color transfer. The downside is the long period of operation (maximum 4000 years) and overheating during frequent operation. When choosing between LED and halogen spotlights, it is recommended to give preference to the first option.

Construction metal halide The lighting equipment includes a gas-discharge lamp, which produces a high level of light output. Also, the light was designed to produce a bright, cold light stream, which is ideal for servicing public buildings and other objects that require a clear lighting system. Metal halide floodlights are characterized by reliability and resistance to stress reduction.

Sodium spotlights are being promoted in the remaining place for popularity. In such lightening devices, the gas-discharge sodium jets of the light will stagnate. In this situation, you can see only one advantage - the easy replacement of a sodium lamp with another lighting element.

Before the negative aspects of the rise of such elements, there is a low rate of color transfer. Thus, spotlights with sodium lamps are used as lighting in these areas, where there is no need for bright lighting. It is important to place the visceral deposits, you can learn about those that LEDs are the best option for use in spotlights.

Main characteristics

You can see the following displays that characterize LED spotlights:

Economy

There you can reach the arm of the light-emitting diodes, which act as a source of light. Therefore, for large territories, where illumination is necessary for great communication, such illumination devices are most suitable.

Operating period

As a rule, this device operates for 50,000 to 100,000 years.

Voltage

This indicator is in the range from 12 to 220 volts.

Type of LED lamps

Kut rozsiyuvannya

Spotlights will improve the direct light flow under the 120 pro cut.

Flow of light

If you want to avoid as much brightness as possible, then select a light fixture with a light output of approximately 3000 Lumens.

Riven zakhistu IP

Depending on the floodlight model, this indicator can have values from 44 to 68 IP.

color temperature

To achieve neutral white lighting, it is recommended to give preference to lamps with a color temperature of no more than 4000 Kelvin.

Choose a LED spotlight for street lighting based on factors such as:

place where the device is used;
range of the transmitted light flow;
the size of the plot to be lighted.

So, for example, to brighten the area adjacent to the booth (ganks or gangways), it will be enough to install a LED spotlight with a intensity of approximately 30 Watts. Varto notes that the halogen lightening device in this case is responsible for the installation of at least 300 VAT.

You can also see the coming shift of nuances that flow into the choice of a street spotlight:

Possibility of transferring the device. Some street spotlights can be either stationary or mobile. The remaining option features a special fastener that collapses and a handle that allows you to carry the lightening device. As a rule, such models are used in summer cottages or for temporary lighting.
Riven of durability to vologi and congestion(indicated by the abbreviation IP). The value of this indicator for a street fixture should not be less than 65. To ensure proper functioning of the floodlight, it is necessary to add a vibration with maximum protection, so that IP 68. When installing a lighting fixture on the street, it is recommended to provide additional zakhist, but fix the device yourself, either under the visor or under the - some other canopy. This approach will prevent the risk of damage to the body of the device due to the influx of various atmospheric precipitation and wind.
Availability of the ruhu sensor. Adding a floodlight to this device will ensure significant savings on your budget due to the reduction in costs for electrical energy, and also make your lighting system autonomous. This is explained by the fact that such a brightening device is useful for only two reasons: it has become dark outside or the sensor has detected a roar in the radius of its action.

LED spotlight transmits Vikoristana of one light-emitting diode or the whole matrix. However, another design option is not suitable, so the matrix can heat up, as a result of which the light output will significantly change.
As the material from which the body of the lighting fixture is prepared is liable to aluminum or metal. The vibration, for example, of a plastic spotlight is not sufficient, because such a lamp cannot withstand mechanical damage and thermal inflow, which can lead to sudden failure.
Availability of a spare lifeguard(Battery). These models are designed for time-based clarification of the plot or for the supply of electrical energy.
Spotlight shape. The choice of song form can influence its functionality. For large areas, it is recommended to buy square lamps. It is necessary to create a direct flow of light in order to give priority to round spotlights. Linear lighting fixtures can be used to illuminate different objects.

Vartist and yakist

Today, LED spotlights are available in a large number of models. One of the leading manufacturers in the lighting industry is Osram. Less popular, but still good, companies include Wolta and Feron.

The main criteria for the effectiveness of these lighting devices are clearly constructed materials that directly influence the protection of devices from external factors. Thus, spotlights should be purchased from reliable brands.

Before purchasing, you should be glad to know the consultants who can help you choose a manufacturer. It should be noted that there is no superiority in the products of domestic companies. Also, the high varity of the lightening agent does not guarantee the product’s brightness. Before entering the bathhouse, take a close look at the lamp. The body of the spotlight is made of rubber and metal, which ensures its resistance to extreme damage.

150 Watt lamps manufactured by Wolta will cost you no more than 7,000 rubles. Feron offers complete lighting equipment that meets all technical standards. The minimum power of the light-emitting diode lamps of this generator is around 650 rubles, but their power is only 10 watts. Potuzhnі dzherela svіtla looming looking for the price.

Installed

When installing LED floodlights, there are two stages: the immediate installation of the lighting fixture and its connection to the lighting fixture. However, the algorithm may have a different sequence. For example, if after fixing the luminaire body, access to the box with terminals will be impossible, connections will continue to be made first.

Installation of the spotlight on the surface requires the use of an additional bracket or a rotating bracket. In this case, no more than three openings are assigned for fixation. To start, you need to pull out the bracket, secure it to the selected surface, and then install the lamp.

Also ensure that the terminal box is sealed properly after connecting it to the life cables. This involves installing a rotary sensor, this accessory is connected to the spotlight before mounting on the surface.

The place where the lamp is mounted can be either a horizontal or a vertical surface. Installation of the LED floodlight is very simple and can be operated independently.

Properly selecting outdoor lighting equipment will not only ensure a clean and durable job, but also beautify your area.

To organize additional lighting, it is more common to use LED spotlights. These are new-generation lighting devices that have countless advantages.

Vikoristannya Sphere
They can be found everywhere. Light-emitting diode spotlights are installed both on nearby plots and near the warehouses of architectural complexes. The stench is suitable for the illumination of great territories - major squares, stadiums, airports, etc.
If you need to effectively illuminate a temple, a fortress, an ancient hut, or any other similar object, light-emitting diode spotlights are ideal. The stinks will help create a unique atmosphere in the courtyard of a castle mansion or Misko Alley. And with the help of special controllers, you can set a different frequency, sequence and rhythm of changes in the lightening intensity, as well as mix a number of colors, removing the dark color. In addition, a good result will be achieved by installing a number of spotlights with different layers of lighting (if you are organizing complex lighting).

These devices can also be used at industrial facilities – warehouse premises, storage facilities, technological installations, and parking lots. But most often we see them in large towns. On the facades of residential buildings and administrative buildings, in courtyards and tunnels, on bridges and fencing structures, in public gardens and airports... Light-emitting diode spotlights illuminate monuments, are used to decorate private mortgages and bars, clubs and trade displays. They can also often be found at the warehouse of advertising materials - banners, billboards, hangers, pillars, posters, banners, etc.
The use of LED spotlights in landscape design is wide. For example, for lighting a swimming pool, entrance area and walkway, pergolas and gazebos. These lighting devices are prone to low energy consumption, so they can be used here, where the installation of emergency evening-night lighting can cost a pretty penny. Before speaking, LED spotlights are now increasingly being installed that run on solar batteries in order to make them as economical as possible.

Advantages and special features
The main advantage of LED floodlights is their operating term: they cannot be kept within the turn on/off number and can reach up to 15 hours. Such a gap is simply unattainable for lighting technology with a gas-discharge core or thread. Those “halogens” themselves burn more quickly. Moreover, you use significantly more electricity. And the LED spotlight, because it is “threshed” in a cycle, can last up to 9 years without replacing the lighting element. On the admin, I’ll say it again as “colleagues”. But it’s important that even if you want to replace a halogen light that has burned out, you often have to not only hire a team of fenders, but also call for special vehicles (lift truck). And the one that will be larger, the lower one will be a new LED spotlight.

The advantages of these devices include the ease of installation, and the spotlight can be set in any direction. There are no unsafe elements in our warehouse for mercury and lead. However, no special disposal is required for this lighting equipment. This is confirmed by environmentalists himself. The colder light of the spotlight: don’t harm Dovkill. In this case, the light flow is distinguished by uniformity, evenness, a wide spectrum and high resistance to aggressive media (volologians, low temperatures, etc.).

The LED spotlight has daily pulsation, vibration and stroboscopic effects. The device is small in size and flexible, compact and flexible, resistant to vibration, and can be used at temperatures ranging from -70 to +45 degrees. The dzherel svitla has an optimal color temperature. And the light itself has great brightness. To top it all off, there are a number of types of light-emitting diode spotlights, which allows you to select the closest task to be placed on the new one and the area of your concern.

Construction and materials
The LED floodlight is designed with one high-pressure LED, which allows the body to be made from a material with high thermal conductivity (usually aluminum). As a result, the heat that appears is effectively transferred to the radiator and no additional cooling is required for the device. All this is a guarantee of the great term of service.
All the joints between the elements of the LED spotlight are sealed with sealant to prevent the saw from getting into the middle. And the surface of the attachment is protected from corrosion by powder coating.

The universal bracket for fastening the LED spotlight is made of steel. Rozsiyuvach - from cured glass, as in a number of cases it was stolen by the Garths. The device reaches full tension immediately after it is turned on. And for connection to the electrical circuit, a terminal box is provided in the spotlight body.

Outdoor lighting plays no less a role than internal lighting, so before choosing lamps for external illumination, it is necessary to go with due consideration.
The main parameters that need to be taken into account when selecting a floodlight in the middle of the sea are: economy, brightness and adequacy of color, tightness and service life. Of course, every buyer has his own needs, let’s figure out how to choose the most suitable model.

Economical

First of all, we need to focus on the cost of the spotlight. Also, for street lighting, make sure to keep the lamps light, as they supply a large amount of electricity.
The most economical ones at the moment are LED, induction and fluorescent lamps.

Different types of spotlights

However, the remaining two types of lamps are more suitable for illuminating critical household buildings, since the stench is difficult to withstand changes in humidity and temperature.
This is one of the most expensive external lighting systems for private lighting (lighting a plot near a cabin, a cottage, paths, etc.). Therefore, all three will ensure minimal efficiency with only a single light output, and then within a second or two they will completely pay off (the longer they work, there will be a stronger economic effect ect).

If you want to choose not only a bright, economical lamp, but also a long-lasting one, we recommend that you choose light-emitting diode and induction models. According to various estimates, its resource is very large - from 30 to 70 thousand years of silent work.

Luminescent in this sense will be played at a time - the stench of the building will be processed up to 12 thousand. years, and in the world the vigor of the luminophore stinks darkly. In addition, the smells are very sensitive to voltage cuts and often turn on. It is not recommended to connect to the rukh sensors through this, because Otherwise, the device exhausts the resource much earlier than the stated term.

Yaskravi

Metal halide and halogen lamps are giving even more light, although their performance parameters significantly outweigh those of their predecessors.

Halogen spotlight

Halogen spotlights are cast in the brightness, receiving light in a warm spectrum - it is as close as possible to a dormouse. In their minds, the transfer of color is minimally supported - objects look the same as in daylight. The stench is reliable, promotes dizziness, and can withstand temperature changes.
However, the lifespan of this “life” is small - 2000-8000 years, although the service life of the frying lamps may be twice as long.
Metal floodlights have heavy-duty light housings, which are ideal for illuminating large areas. The aroma will favor the flow of a neutral white spectrum, which will also ensure a distinct color transfer (with an index greater than 90).
In contrast to halogen models, they require sufficiently strong ultraviolet radiation, which is good for growing plants in the garden (or in greenhouses), but not so much for people. That’s why it’s important for these types of lamps to be used in open spaces, because in closed areas where people are not around.

Sodium spotlight

The stench emanates from a wide range of temperatures – from 3 to 20 thousand. During the service period, the temperature of such lamps may change, which complicates the design design. Also, the metal halide requires three hours to start up and reach the nominal lighting parameters.

A strong and intense light flow will be ensured by sodium lamps. The light is one of the highest parameters of light output - reaching a record 150-200 lumens per watt.

Such lamps generate a characteristic ocher-yellow spectrum of vibration. Through the transfer of colors, it is noticeable. However, this effect can be effectively influenced by the architectural features of the building or the territory that adjoins it.
By the way, since you do not show any particular viability before transferring color, such spotlights will become unfavorable decisions, as soon as the left part of the energy that is wasted is transformed from the light. In addition, the smell is “long-lived” - it lasts up to 30,000 years without losing any venom.

Stolen

Theft spotlight

Another important criterion for choosing a street spotlight is its level of airtightness. Most often, a special IP marking with two numbers is applied directly to the device itself. The more smelly things are, the more likely they are to be stolen (due to the influx of aggressive substances) and devices. The first number characterizes the level of protection from the penetration of saw particles into the body, and the other from the penetration of water (condensate).
The LED spotlight is pointed lower, like a butt.

In such models, the seals are strengthened with dry gaskets and sealants. Just pay attention to the material and dimensions of the back part of the lamp. It provides sufficient heat transfer and is of sufficient volume to effectively cool the hermetically sealed housing. It is best to choose a device with a rear panel made of thin metal, which will ensure faster heat transfer.
For external lighting systems, an additional anti-vandal protection has also been added, which reduces the risk of mechanical damage, vibration, etc. Often, the body of street lamps is made of heavy metal, to protect the element that shines, resist the impact of metal gratings, and the cables are laid in a specially resistant material ball. isolation.
It is clear that such a device comes at a higher cost, but for the purpose of glamorous painting, it is better to choose models with a high reserve of value.

With sensor

For illumination of plots that rarely come out at night (for example, in a remote plot of a garden or cottage), it is best to select a spotlight from the included rox sensor. Naturally, such a device will be much more expensive to use, but there will be significant savings since the lamp will only light up if you want to pass near the covered area.

Floodlight with sensor

Due to the design and strength, the sensor blocks must be installed either at the lamp body or at the bell. As an option, you can simply buy a silicon sensor and connect a number of lamps to a new location, so that the stinks are eliminated simultaneously from several sides.
We appreciate your respect, but not all models of floodlights are equipped with sensors. In addition, it is necessary to select a sensor model that will work with the different type of lamps that are used in the spotlight. For example, the sensor for frying lamps is not suitable for LED lamps.

Autonomous

Autonomous spotlight

Through extremely low accumulated energy, light-emitting diode spotlights reveal new possibilities of vikoristan's harmless solar energy for illumination of cottages or suburban areas.
Below is a current universal model of a LED spotlight. It has a built-in sensor (the block at the very bottom) and a battery that collects charge from solar energy.

We strongly recommend purchasing such models. It shines brightly, it saves a little, plus the sensor effectively regulates the intensity of the light, and the same energy costs harmlessly.
Such lamps potentially consume even the most difficult resource of uninterrupted operation, they promise that they can produce more than ten rocks - it’s disgusting! In this case, it is practical not to require maintenance, as the rest are completely autonomous. There is no need to lay power cables under them, because due to the presence of a power battery, they can be installed in any part of the Pribudinka territory or cottage.
To maximize battery efficiency, install the battery module on the opposite side. In this sense, it is especially important that the battery is not firmly attached to the lamp - it can be easily rotated and moved closer to the end. Sometimes it is necessary to wipe the surface of the panel, the fragments will not reach the sweeper through a saw or a saw blade.
The only drawback of such systems is that they still lack a small amount of lighting efficiency. The battery charge lasts for 2 to 7 years of continuous lighting, after which the lamp goes out.

As a matter of fact, there is a reason for the rapid progress of lightening technologies. The skin model has its advantages and disadvantages. For street lighting, LED floodlights will be the most pleasant. They stink and shine brightly, and live a little, and are not afraid of the weak weather minds.

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