Gospel beatitudes. Section IV. About the light that is the light of the hour and at the same hour of creation is not for the newly accepted divine decisions, as if God had spared that which he had not spared before

Sappho is best known as one of the idols of the one-article khan.

However, how important is this poetry? Even the poetry of Sappho can be said to lay the foundation for the poetry that will continue after Sappho. No wonder she was called nothing less than the queen of poets.

Sappho was born on the island of Lesbos (the name of which is also called the family of women and women). And this island, famous for its time, was once a member of the famous school of heteras. And at that hour the heterae were clearly mocking the current priestesses of the Kohanna. Young Sappho went to school herself.

Sappho immediately showed herself to be a passionate and passionate singer, and was often called “The passionate Sappho.” And in those hours before the Word they were placed in a completely different way. The Word that is sounded is more often valued than the Word that is written. And Sappho recited her poems in a very spiritual way, playing with the lyre.

And the axis was beautiful Sappho no, so it became invisible. Although they sang that she was beautiful, like a goddess, others said that there was nothing depicted in her, until she began to read the verses. Poetry made Sappho beautiful for being a woman, so Sappho fed her sensitivity and passion during the hour of declamation.

The theme of Sappho's poetry is, first of all, kohanna. No one could say such things about the Kohanny as Sappho. And all the worlds are enemies. She is filled with passion, passion, love. And if Sappho became a mother, she experienced motherhood so much that few people knew about this miracle for a woman.

Sappho's poetry was highly appreciated by such famous poets as Horatius, Catullus, and Ovid. And Strabo allowed himself to make the following statement: “it is useless to joke about a woman in history who would like to be approximately equal to Sappho.” Navia introduced one of the advanced dimensions into poetry, which is called today the “sapphic stanza.”

It is a pity that only a small part of Sappho’s poetry has survived to this day. And who knows how many beautiful verses, miraculous verses of poetry have forever passed into oblivion.

At the time of poetry, the peculiarity of Sappho’s life was far away. Her first man Alcaeus, having died at once from his daughter, gave him to Sappho. Then, getting angry, Sappho gave in to the lesbian sex.

Sappho died, having ended her life by committing suicide. Moreover, through an undivided khanna to a man - Phaon, who, according to the legend of Volodya's enchanting mazza, who made him a beautiful young man and who Phaon cast off as the goddess Aphrodite herself.

However, in poetry Sappho is immortal, as Olympian gods. Even so, there are few poets who were compared to Sappho, the reigning queen of poets.

One of the most famous masters of Sappho:

Bliss is comparable to the gods,
Who the hell should you sit and listen to?
To your charming promos,
And chant as if melting in the clouds,
Z cikh wust to yogo wust
A young smile is flying.
And right now, just like me
I'll come with you, like a gentle snot
My soul is rapping
And there are no words on my lips,
І almost gostre kohannya
Shvidshe runs through my veins,
And the ringing of the ears... And the riot of the blood...
And now the cold is creeping in...
And the body, the body keeps shaking...
Flowers are coming
I'm tired of looking at you...
I am breathless... and, silently,
In my eyes, I feel the darkness of light...
I’m amazed that you’re not a bachachi... I don’t have enough strength anymore...
I check in unpretentiousness... and I know -
Axis, axis I’ll die... axis I’m dying.

(612? -572? BC)

A long-standing poetess. Lived on the island of Lesbos. There stood a group of noble girls, who started music, added songs and dances. At the center of her lyric is the beauty of a woman. Sappho's poetry is enriched with metrical richness; One of the dimensions she introduced is called the “sapphic” stanza.

Insanely, the greedy woman who wrote, we cannot compare in literary glory with the “queen of poets” - Sappho. Just as ancient culture gave birth to all the current trends of mysticism, all philosophical currents, so Sappho unmistakably marked the outline of the poet’s soul for all the coming hours. Since then, the leather has been folded into rows - “the bits of Sapho”, don’t forget the bits, but repeat the virgins’ share. It is not for nothing that Plato called the poetesa “the tenth muse.”

Sappho's biographical data is super-sensitive and controversial, as, however, he may be a popular legend. The life that sings, which speaks with the gods, cannot be insightful or sensible. It is important to judge the story of Sappho's modernity. According to some, she has no small amount of divine beauty: she was small in stature, even dark-skinned. Their sparkling, lively eyes fascinated the spy. Others insisted that Sappho was smaller than the golden coachman and had a cold, inaccessible beauty. Surely, the rest of them were confused about the famous courtesan Sappho of Ephesus, who lived much later and had nothing to do with the song.

“Presented” Sappho, as the Suchasniks called her, was born on the island of Lesbos. This Father Skamandron, unimportant in his aristocratic walk, took up trade and profited from the Chimali camp. Alya the girl became an orphan early and did not reach the end of her life. happy childhood. Seventeen rocks, together with their three brothers, began to flee from their native island, and a conspiracy began, directed against the rich aristocrats. In just fifteen years, Sappho was able to turn to Lesbos. Vaughn settled near the town of Mitylene, which is why in literature her name is known as Sappho of Mitelene.

Hetaera, who studied at school, developed sensitivity and wisdom to the point of mysticism, Sappho, perhaps, early showed a talent for poetry. Greek culture VI-VII centuries BC. was a culture of sonorous words, the verses that were worthy were passed on by word of mouth, and the very same lines were written not for dry souvos, but were formed by ear. Sappho, with a lera in her hands, recited her high stanzas. It can be seen that she captivated the ears like the beauty of the world, and the spiritualized victorians. Vaughn wrote odes, hymns, elegies, epitaphs, holy days and prayer songs, in a word, she wrote “social prayers.” Ale її live, the middle row has risen from the top of other poets. In the history of world literature, the top of the famous heterae is known as “safichny”.

Physicians who, besides Sappho’s work, were recorded several centuries after her death, can assume that the unfortunate excesses of her poetry have come down to us. However, the scale of this gift can be judged by the guesses of Sappho’s companions and nearby areas. She even took a dig at the Roman poets Horace and Catullus. Strabo called her nothing less than a marvel, firmly, that “it is useless to joke in history about a woman who in poetry could be seen if she wanted to be approximately equal to Sappho.” Socrates called her his “mentor in the food industry,” insanely, looming over the “theoretical part” of his knowledge.

“Sappho burns love in me for my friend! - exclaimed Ovid and Radiv: - Memorize Sappho’s memory - what can we do for her!” Well, Solon, having learned from her poetry, realized that he “didn’t want to die without knowing the riddle.”

The main topic of Sappho's verses is their intense bias and the bare feeling that only, louder, and can fill the ear in poetry, regardless of the intense listening. Sappho set the record for divine ecstasy many centuries ahead, raising the bar to an unattainable height.

Bliss is comparable to the gods,
Who the hell should you sit and listen to?
To your charming promos,
And chant as if melting in the clouds,
Z cikh wust to yogo wust
A young smile is flying.
And right now, just like me
I'll come with you, like a gentle snot
My soul is rapping
And there are no words on my lips,
І almost gostre kohannya
Shvidshe runs through my veins,
And the ringing of the ears... And the riot of the blood...
And now the cold is creeping in...
And the body, the body keeps shaking...
Flowers are coming
I'm tired of looking at you...
I am breathless... and, silently,
In my eyes, I feel the darkness of light...
I’m amazed that you’re not a bachachi... I don’t have enough strength anymore...
I check in unpretentiousness... and I know -
Axis, axis I’ll die... axis I’m dying.

These rows can be called erotic. The very air of Lesbos was full of delight and their accessibility. Sappho, with her sensitive nature, could not, of course, stand up against the sounds that glorified the island. Sometimes it seems that it was not the poetry itself that gave birth to the lesbian union, but that is, of course, not true. How can you tell a person why sex happened?

Sappho mav romance with people. So, Alkay sings, having spluttered with the gifted, rich girl, the prote shvidkolinny ligament did not grow too strong. Nezabar Sappho got married and gave birth to a girl, who gently gave birth to a whole cycle of accomplishments. Perhaps there are few lines in secular poetry that explore motherhood with such talent. A little before the poets - for reasons unknown to us, both the man and the child Sappho did not live long. Trying to drown out her grief, the poet completely succumbed to lesbian love.

In “Budinka of the Muses” - the school of rhetoric and poetry, as Sappho fell asleep, in a series of subtleties, the likeness of the great Greek woman settles and the whole body. None of the students of Sappho, having become equal to their brilliant fellow, then spared them to be her khans and with such a rank - to become famous. “The love that broke my limbs overwhelms me again, the spirit and the wickedness are like a snake that cannot be strangled.” This is the top of the dedications of Attida, who also cried out the attacks of the baked jealousies of the poetess, giving Sappho superiority over the friends of Andromeda. “My songs do not touch the sky. The prayers of Andromeda are felt, but you, Sappho, silently pray to the mighty Aphrodite.”

We wish you not to doubt that there are no women’s manifestations of their sensibilities and, like a woman, to describe the supernita “Nezzhe, Attido, why did she enchant your heart? folds?.. » Kohannya bulo sensom zhittya Sappho. “What do I worry about, I indulge in sweetness until I can see the glare of the changing light and choke on everything that is beautiful!”

Recently, Apuleius has given us another dramatic fact from the biography of the great poetry. During the reign of Pharaoh Amasis, the beautiful Rhodope lived in Egypt. Apparently they were Sappho’s brother, Charax, who was engaged in the wine trade and was often at home. A young man fell in love with a wonderful courtesan, bought her from a great ruler for a huge sum, and brought her to the island of Lesbos. This is where quarrels began between relatives, so Sappho developed a passion for the Rhodope. The courtesan, perhaps, was not bothered by the woman’s khanna, but the poetess was still at ease, so that the separated brother of the confusion would leave the house at once with his charming “baths”. The end of this story is more similar to the Garna legend, an eagle brought to Pharaonic Amasis such a miniature sandal that the courtesan fell from his feet, that Volodar buried himself and ordered to know the Volodar screamed Thick legs. After much trouble, the courtiers finally found the Rhodope Mountains and took them to the pharaoh’s palace. Charax lost nothing. It’s not true, the story is very similar to the famous fairy tale by Charles Perrault.

The death of Sappho is associated with suicide and, not surprisingly, with a man. Like all traditions among the Greeks, the rest of the tradition could not have happened without the gift of the gods. The young ferryman Phaon lives on the island, who, under the guise of an old man, transported Aphrodite to the Asian shore. Finally, for his service, she gave the young man a miraculous ointment, which transformed him into a most beautiful man. Sappho could not help but fall in love with Phaon and, not having reciprocated, rushed down from the Levkadskaya rock.

“I loved, I cried out to the rich man on my own bed, but the gods sent me above the darkness of my sorrows... I spoke with my just passion to those whom the son of Cypridi wounded with his cruel arrows... Don’t let me be ruined for those who I zeroed in I've been waiting for a long time, hello, let's face it, I learned about the divine secret places of life! My shadow, eternally aligned with the ideal, entered the halls of Hades, my eyes, blinded by the brilliant light, saw the dawn of the divine cohan that would arise!

2. Sappho

Just as love is a divine passion, the strongest, the lowest enthusiasm of the Delphic priestesses, bacchantes and victims of Tsibeli, then Sappho, or Sappho, is more separate than the Red Man. Unfortunately, all the information that has come down to us about this “queen of poets” is super-accurate, so mixed up with all sorts of legends that it is positively impossible to paint even a somewhat similar portrait of the famous hetero-poet, “ten oh musi", based on Plato’s thought . The truth that strengthens it among us is too great to be able to verify the data that is presented by all sorts of authorities as if it is not contradictory. All this is true, however, it is imperative to point out that the birth of Sappho did not pass through history without a trace and that among the numerous prominent women of the ancient world, her features are far from inconsistent.

“Presented” Sappho, as her companions called her, was born on the island of Lesbos near the place of Erest at the 42nd Olympiad, 612 BC. Her father’s name was Skamandronim, and her mother’s name was Cleida. Krim Sappho, they had three sins: Charax, Larich and Evrig; From the first of them we will learn more later. Scamandron, unimportant in his aristocratic manner, took up trade and good property. Sappho, having just reached the age of six, became an orphan. When in 595 political hymns began, which led to the overthrow of the aristocracy, the young girl fled with her brothers to Sicily and after only fifteen years was able to return to Lesbos. She settled in the town of Mitylene, from which they began to be called Sappho of Mitelene, under the name of another Sappho - Heresy, a great courtesan, who lived long after the famous poet, aka I often make people laugh.

Sappho, who studied at the school of hetaeras, learned the call to poetry early. Her biased nature could not hide the feelings that were complimenting her. Vaughn wrote odes, hymns, elegies, epitaphs, holy days and bed songs with verses called “sapphic” after her. With a lyra in her hands, she recited her special stanzas, which is why she is considered a representative of melodic (musical-song) lyricism, even close to the modern melodic declamation. Do everything - either calls to kohannya, or skargs on it, both passionate blessings and hot feasts. The little that has been preserved from these songs allows us to appreciate in a completely down-to-earth and fair manner the compositions of ancient and great lyrical poetry. In Schiller's words:

Whose muses are Volodya, whose soul burns for them!

And Sappho’s soul was truly on fire. It was not for nothing that she made such a magnificent influx on Horace and Catullus, who was associated with the spirit of the union of lower feelings and passions. Strabo does not call her anything else, as a “wonder”, firmly saying that “it is vain to joke in the course of history about a woman who in poetry could be seen if she wanted to be approximately equal to Sappho.” Antipater of Sidon, from his side, dedicates her door:

They called me Sappho, and in the songs I have overthrown all the women, just as Homer overturned all the men in his songs.

Solon, having once sensed the kind of versh at the banquet, immediately remembered it, adding that “he didn’t want to die, not knowing the riddle.” Socrates calls her his “mentor in the food industry.” “Sappho burns in me love for my friend!” Ovid exclaimed and said: “Remember to remember Sappho, so that you can be jealous for her!”

It’s a pity, the gods, who bestowed upon her the noble and pure genius of poetry, did not tell her about her greatness. According to contemporary accounts, Sappho was of small stature, even dark-skinned, but with lively and sparkling eyes, and since Socrates calls her “beautiful,” then the top is also due to her beauty. What should I say to Ovid and Sappho: “As merciless nature has seen me in beauty, I have lost my mind. I am small in age, but I can fill all the edges with my own face. I am not white-faced, but Ke’s daughter Phaya (Andromeda) became like Perseus" . However, you can believe that the revelation of the poetess at the moment of great intensity was transformed and became truly beautiful. If passion screamed in Sappho, if her three-fingered hands rattled on the lyre, if harmonious sounds echoed behind her deep stanzas, if all her essence was taken over by the praises of divine ecstasy and enthusiastic worship, she could not help but garna.

The poet Domohar reads:

Their bright eyes shine with a bright and charming light, The creative spirit is invigorating, with a boiling spring of life... This is denounced, illuminated with a thought and at the same time a smile. It seems to us that Cyprida and the Muse were angry in her.

After Sappho’s return from Sicily to the “tenth muse” and the “hater of tyrants,” sings Alcaeus, her exiled comrade, a romance ensued, which, however, did not bear any serious consequences. Alkay, naturally, could not help but become enamored with the sophisticated girl, richly endowed with talents. Calling the object of his passion “magnificent voluptuous hair, pleasantly smiling,” he sings and declares that he would like to recognize her with his khanna, but not to be inflated: “If I said it, I’d be confused.” Sappho said: “If only what you want to say would be decent, it would be unlikely to make you feel bad.” Of course, the smells were close to each other, but this closeness did not pass between companionship.

Never after this, Sappho married someone unknown and through the river gave birth to a daughter, named after her grandmother Cleida. Axis what do you write:

The child in me is still alive. Charin' like a little flower. Shining with lush beauty!.. I will not give dear Kleida for all the gold to Lydia, The child is dearer to me for Lesbos!..

Ale Zhorstok’s fate did not allow her to enjoy family happiness for long. The man and his beloved daughter, one by one, descended into the gloomy kingdom of Hades. Added to the family, Sappho is constantly given to poetry and transfers all the prejudice of her nature to lesbian girls. In the Fatherland of Sappho, far away from us, the women were known by their unnatural names, which gave birth to the so-called “lesbian khan.” Seeing as if they were extremely lovable, they were not content with just people and began to have relationships with their own kind. Those who are now respectful of this vice also knew that there was nothing wrong with it, and the most ancient writers of Greece and Rome glorified lesbian wives in every way. Lesbians, around the Kokhants, small Kohanoks, almost all of them lay on banquets, danced around their rooms at night and retreated to the lowest turbots. “Lesbians do not love men,” exclaims the Greek philosopher and satirist Lucian. The wine of this “lesbian” or “sapphic” khanya was attributed to Sappho. However, the same Lucian, in his “Dialogues,” protests: “The women of Lesbos,” as they say, “were actually susceptible to this passion, but Sappho knew that they already had their own lands, but not at all "Vinaishla herself." New critics, the main rank, the Germans, stand with complete distrust of the ancient writers, proteas, the works of Sappho, who came before us, shatter the skepticism of the highly moral Germans. It is important to note the true meaning of the “lesbian khan”, since the “queen of poets” is a direct manifestation of it. Sappho is obliged to love, to love, to worship everything that is truly beautiful, and what is more beautiful for a woman?

In the era of her life, Sappho stands on the side of the rhetorical school that founded in the Mytilenes, although some writers confirm that she herself fell asleep, calling them “Woodhouse of the Muses,” where not only lesbians, but strangers, fled. Among these students, the most famous were: Erina Feoska, Myrtis Antodonska, Anagra Miletska, the famous Corinna Tanagrska, Andromeda and Attida, two others, however, who gave them immortality. Her passion for her friends, without question, aroused in her an unprecedented ecstasy. The stated pauper takes away the basis for the hour of reading the ode, under the title: “Before my kohanki.”

I am jealous of the gods with bliss, who sit with you, listening to your enchanting proclamations, and drink as if melting in the clouds. From this moment to this moment, a young smile flies. And now, as soon as I come together with you, my soul murmurs like a gentle snot, and there is a murmur of language on my lips... And the half-hearted fury that flows through my veins... And the ringing of my ears... and the rebellion of my blood. And now the cold is appearing... And the body, - the body is still shaking... The flowers of the nearer coming My tiredness is addicted to the look... I am breathless... and numb, In my eyes, I feel the darkness is light... I am amazed that it is not bachachi... I have no strength anymore... And I check in oblivion... I know I'm going to die... I'm dying.

(Translation by V.V. Krestovsky)

Whatever the German critics said, it is important to believe that the most important stanzas were dictated by friendship; Moreover, the name itself does not leave doubts. It is impossible that the one dedicated to this stanza did not occupy a prominent place in Sappho’s life. This is a paroxysm of passion, it is clear that the woman has fallen in love with love and truth, that her enthusiasm is the remaining drops And so, three thousand years old, there really is death. This jealous girl is a miser for the cold-bloodedness and courage of this, no matter how little the stick is partial.

Take another verse: “The furnace that crushed my members again overwhelms me, the enemy and the wicked one, like a snake that cannot be strangled. Attida, you hate the riddle about me and Andromeda’s misdeeds”... Well, how do you know? , Sappho has boules super, she survived all the torments of jealousy, marveling at her friend, who respected her better than anyone else. The sleepless one does not call Attidu, “lover”, on his own bed and calls death, not in the hope of supporting the soulless heart.

“My songs do not touch the sky,” she says, “the prayers of Andromeda are felt, but you, Sappho, pray to the mighty Aphrodite for free!” What could be more dramatic than the feelings that really lie with her? “My grief,” as tight as there is, “is the secret place of my heart... Kolya, Attido, I loved you!”

The form of its verses suggests love monologues, which are easy to follow through the various twists and turns of its suffering. “Do you forget me or do you love another mortal?.. Oh, I wish the wind would blow up the grief that would torment me!” Zrada Attidi especially praises Sappho. “I fancied her, she tore her flowers... a young girl, with a flower garland, who deceived her beautiful neck”... But the idyllic calm was destroyed by the mystery about Andromeda... “Never mind, Attido,” Sappho feeds, “ tse won enchanted your heart?.. A woman, she is filthy dressed, as if she does not know the mystery of walking, in an ode with long folds?.. I don’t remember evil, - she adds, - this seems to be foreign to my heart, she doesn’t know anything!” .

We need to add a few more examples to make it clear that such a nature could not be satisfied with friendship alone, it needed to be buried, a storm of strong passions. “The furry ruins my soul,” explains Sappho, “like a cowlick that spreads over the oak trees.” Addiction devours her: “What I miss, I succumb to licorice, until I can look up to the glare of the changing light and splurge on everything that is beautiful!” sleeping senses.

At the banquet, while the wine, called the “milk of Aphrodite,” was boiling in the goblets, Sappho, in a passionate position, lay with Attidi, Yorgo or Telesippi, the “beautiful warrior,” enjoying the malt. love marriages. Sometimes, however, there is no presence of people, who are also unknown. The axis of the word that our immortal Pushkin puts into the mouth of Sappho:

Happy young man, you filled me with everything: With a proud soul, and a stick, and not evil, and the first youth with feminine beauty.

Music no less sleeps and sings. “I am falling asleep for my kohanoi. Forward, my divine lyra, say it! Grandmother with harmonious dances chattering like wings in the dust of the summer, which is burning the fields; I, like out there, chattering, is burned by the wildness of love.” Because Sappho succumbed to the laws of love more easily than others, the khanna enjoyed the poetry in her.

Some writers assume that Sappho wrote “Until My Kohanka” dedicated to the Rhodope Mountains, because the poet was jealous of her brother Charax. The axis is revealed by Apuleius. Close to 600 years ago (BC) in Egypt, during the reign of Pharaoh Amasis, there lived a beautiful courtesan in the Rhodope region, a Thracian native. Kharaks, engaged in the wine trade, often traveled on a ship, attracted by lesbo wine, to Egypt and once in the city of Naukratis, soaking up the beauty, in a way that was not hot, bought them from slavery for a large sum and brought them to Mit Elen. Sappho, having become acquainted with her, fell in love with the courtesan with a burning passion, which she did not even think of admitting. This coldness led to reasonable speculation that the banyan had burned. The constant quarrels between brother and sister forced Charax to take Rhodope back to Navcrates, hoping to be the only volodar of the beauty. Ale share, perhaps, went the other way. Once, when the Rhodope was “burying her inflamed body in the cold waters of the Nile,” an eagle took one of her sandals and, in a wondrous fashion, let it in front of Amasis, who stood in front of the temple in full sacrifice. The sandal appeared extremely miniature, and the pharaoh would have liked to know her ruler, who was small, without a doubt, with miraculous legs. The courtiers began to search and after long mandrils they found the beauty and brought it to their valor. The enchantment of Rhodope Amasis, for some moments - becoming friends with it, for others - having earned his kohanka, otherwise it appeared again, wasted for Charax. Without a doubt, this legend became the original of the Kazka "Popelushka". It is necessary to add that in Greece the Egyptian courtesan was glorified under the name of Doric, and the leaders of Sappho immortalized her brother’s horse.

Charax, who, having squandered the Rhodope and his entire camp, is obliged to hear from his sister a lot of bitter truths, shouting partly to his ruins, partly to jealousy. Ovidia conveys the mood of Sappho in this manner: “Poor brother, lusting after love for the enchantress, inflamed with passion for her, having suffered from harm, consumed by ruin. blackite sea And now he is looking for riches in the distance, having spent them not far away. Stop hating me for telling the truth. The axis that gave me freedom, the axis that gave me the love of language!

It is respected that Sappho died close to 572, having ended her life by suicide. In the opinion of the ancients, such an unexceptional woman, with a divine seal on her neck, obviously could not go into the gloomy Ereb, inheriting the butt of mere mortals. Both her life and her death must be considered legendary, otherwise all the charm will be wasted. To justify their assumptions, hoping to sing to posterity in the veracity of them, they came up with an ode by Sappho, under the title “Hymn of Aphrodite.” Axis:

Golden-throned, young, eternally beautiful, Daughter of Zeus, weaver of love, I cry to you: “Mercy! The sum of the blessing, having deprived Father’s Budinok, flew to me from above with his golden chariot. The goddess of Love will play like a child on the wings that flutter, To the lowly inhabitants of the dark earth, Through the expanse of the endless ether, They carried the Olympian throne. Having let them go back, she fed, blessed, Timene, laughing at the immortal accusations: What happened? Well, then, what about, Abo, oppressed by a new misfortune, I cry to you in my grief? And why am I, in such reckless torment, always searching and asking, and for whom, lovingly. I thought of catching the tender measure? to love, or else you will love! "... Oh, come to the nina, and in the heavy torment of the Sick One - let me die freely, And why is Jade's chest so tired, give him viconnancy and be my helper!..

(Translation by V. Vodovozov)

Who is it that afflicted Sappho with such a passion? Legends point to the young Greek Phaon. for pennies, transporting people from Lesbos and Chios to the farthest Asian coast. Apparently Aphrodite, looking old, asked to transport her. Having crowned the unknown woman, Phaon was pleased to pay for the goddess to give him a miraculous ointment, which transformed him into the most beautiful of all mortals. Sappho began to cackle passionately at him, but, not knowing the reciprocity, rushed from the Levkadskaya rock into the sea. For the reproaches, the one who suffered from a crazy farm, found Levkada forgetful.

However, the scribes, not knowing the story in what circumstances Sappho died, are able to trace Phaon to Sappho of Ephesus.

In honor of Sappho, the Mytilenians painted images on coins. How can you earn more for the queen? Behind the words of Pliny, there is a portrait of Sappho by the artist Leontes. The French publicist Cheve (1813-1875) says that the Romans made the statue in porphyry, the work of Selenion. Cicero confirms and commends Varya for bringing the miraculous statue of Sappho from Prytaneia. What were the massacres of the isolated lesbian heterae among the people, who reached madness, worshiped beauty to the point of madness?.. In whose eyes the marmur was inspired, the spark of life shone, which gave rise to songs, before which Hellenists with blessings They admired each other, and marveled at the statue: she loved, I cried out to the rich on my own bed, but the gods sent me in the dark of my sorrows... I spoke with my true passion to those whom the son of Cyprus wounded with his cruel arrows... Don’t let me be ruined for those who I abandoned my є heart in the depths of time, but, you know, I recognized the divine secret chambers of life! My shadow, which is always the opposite of the ideal, came to the palace of Hades, my eyes, blinded by the sparkling light, looked at the dawn of the divine chaos that was born chew!"...

I will shorten the epitaph of the great Greek poem by deleting Pinito:

I drank Sappho and the brushes, and covered them with earth, so that the songs of her cultivated immortality will serve for a long time!

God gave people ten commandments back in the Old Testament. It was given in order to protect people from evil, to forestall the dangers of bearing sin. The Lord Jesus Christ established the New Testament, giving us the Gospel law, the basis of which is love: I give you a new commandment, to love one another(John 13, 34) and holiness: be thorough, as your Heavenly Father is thorough(Mt 5, 48). The Savior did not finish the ten commandments, but called people to great rhubarb spiritual life. In the Sermon on Nagirna, telling about how a Christian may lead his life, the Savior gives nine beatitudes. These commandments are no longer about the protection of sin, but about Christian thoroughness. The stench reveals how to achieve bliss, how honesty brings a person closer to God, because only in a new person can know true joy. The Beatitudes not only do not cover the ten commandments of God's Law, but rather wisely supplement them. It is not enough to simply not commit sin, but to banish it from our soul by repenting from it. It is not necessary that our souls have the least sins of honesty. It is not enough not to be afraid of evil; you must do good. Sins create a wall between us and God; Once the wall is destroyed, we begin to pray to God, if only a moral Christian life can bring us closer to Him.

The axis of the nine commandments, which the Savior gave us as cerivnytism before the Christian feat:

1. Blessed are you in spirit, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.
2. Blessed are they to cry, for the stench to be quelled.
3. Blessed are the days, for the stench will subside the earth.
4. Blessed are the greedy and greedy truth, for the stench will be satisfied.
5. The blessed ones are merciful, for they will have mercy.
6. Blessed ones are pure in heart, for the stench spoils God.
7. Blessed peacemakers, for they will be called the sons of God.
8. The blessed ones were persecuted for the truth, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.
9. Blessed are you if they destroy you and persecute you and slander you in all sorts of unjust ways because of Me. Rejoice and be glad, for great is your city in heaven: so they persecuted the prophets who were before you.

First commandment

Blessed are you in spirit, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.

What does buti mean? foals spirit, and why such people blessed? Saint John Chrysostom said: “What does it mean: marriage in spirit? Humble and heartbroken.

He called the soul and cunningness of people the spirit of Vin.<...>Why didn’t Vin say: humble, and having said foals? Because it will remain more impressive than the first; By marriage, Vin here calls those who fear and disobey the commandments of God, which through the prophet Isaiah God calls pleasing to Himself, saying: whom I will look at: the humble and humble in spirit and the one who trembles before My word.(Іс 66, 2)” (“Talk on Saint Matthew the Evangelist.” 25. 2). Moral antipode foal in spirit People are proud because they respect themselves as spiritually rich.

Evil spiritual means humility, the bastard of his true self. Like a prime minister, he has nothing of his own, but clothes himself in what is given and desires mercy, so it is our fault to understand: everything that can be taken away is taken from God. Everything is not ours, we are not the rulers of the map that the Lord gave us. Giving, so that it would serve the salvation of our soul. You may not be a poor person at all, but married in spirit Let us humbly accept what God gives us, and strive to serve the Lord and people. Everything is in the sight of God. It’s not just material wealth, but health, talent, wealth, life itself - all of it is a gift from God, for which we owe Yoma. Without Me you can't do anything(John 15:5), the Lord tells us. The fight against sins and the pursuit of good justice is impossible without humility. We are all the more anxious for God’s help.

With a brimming spirit, with humility, we embrace Kingdom of Heaven. People who know that everything that stinks is not their merit, but a gift of God, which needs to be multiplied by saving souls, to accept everything sent and as a means of achieving the Kingdom of Heaven.

Another commandment

Blessed are they to cry, for the stench to be quelled.

Blessed are weeping. Crying can be caused by all sorts of different reasons, but not all crying is honest. The commandment about crying means repentant crying about one’s sins. Repentance is so important, because without it it is impossible to get closer to God. Sins are important for us to earn. The first commandment about humility already leads us to repentance, lays the foundation for spiritual life, so that only a person can repent of his sins, as he recognizes his ignorance, sin before the Heavenly Father. Evangelska prodigal son turns to the Father’s house, and, of course, the Lord accepts every one who comes to Him, and receives every tear from His eyes. “Blessed are we to weep (about sins), because it stinks to laugh(Seen by us. - Auto.)". Human skin is full of sins, without sin there is only God, but we have been given the greatest gift from God - repentance, the ability to turn to God, to ask for His forgiveness. It was not for nothing that the Holy Fathers called repentance to other Christians, where our sins are washed away not with water, but with tears.

Blissful tears can also be called the tears of sleep, with the experiences of our neighbors, when we are overcome by their grief and try to help them in any way we can.

Third commandment

Blessed are the days, for the stench will subside the earth.

Blessed days. Laidness is a peaceful, calm, quiet spirit, which a person gets from his heart. This is the submission of God's will and honesty to peace in the soul and peace with neighbors. Take My yoke upon yourself and live in Me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find peace in your souls; for my yoke is good, and my burden is light(Mt 11:29-30), - the Savior begins to us. He was in every way submissive to the will of the Heavenly Father, He served people and accepted suffering with kindness. The one who, having taken upon himself the good yoke of Christ, walks directly on His path, seeks humility, kindness, love, will find a calm, tranquil soul both in this earthly life and in the life of the next century. Blessed Theophylact of Bulgaria writes: “Dekhto under the word earth understands the spiritual earth, then heaven, but you understand the whole earth. The fragments of the day are considered to be unimportant and to add value, then Vin and it seems that they are important and their mustaches are shaking.” Meek and humble Christians without wars, the fire of the sword, unconcerned with the terrible persecution from the side of the pagans, were able to destroy the entire great Roman Empire from the true faith.

The great Russian saint, Venerable Seraphim of Sarov, said: “Take the peaceful spirit, and thousands will lie before you.” I myself am in renewed peace of this peaceful spirit, sharpening the skin, who comes to him with the words: “My joy, Christ is risen!” This is an episode from my life, when robbers came to my forest cell, hoping to rob the old man, thinking that the robbers would bring him a lot of pennies. Saint Seraphim chopping wood in the forest that hour and standing with the tree in his hands. Armed with great strength and great physical strength, we did not want to build a foundation. He put the juice on the ground and put his hands on his chest. The rogues sank with juice and ax and brutally beat the old man, breaking his head and breaking his wrists. Not knowing the pennies, the stink disappeared. Venerable Seraphim left the monastery. He has been ill for a long time and remains crooked until the end of his days. If the robbers were caught, they not only examined them, but also asked them to be released, saying that they should not kill anyone, they would leave the monastery. The people were born with such wondrous joy.

Fourth Commandment

Blessed are the greedy and greedy truth, for the stench will be satisfied.

Greeding and searching for the truth can be done in different ways. And the songs are people who can be called truth-tellers: they are constantly overwhelmed by the new order, they joke about justice and write mischief, and enter into conflict with wealth. This commandment is not about them. The truth is completely different.

It has been said that it is necessary to tell the truth like hedgehogs and pets: Blessed greedy and greedy truth. You suffer even more, like the hungry and thirsty, until you satisfy your needs. Is the truth said here about the yaku? I see the Divine Truth. A things are true, Truth is Christ. I am the way and the truth and life(Ін 14, 6), - Vіn speaks about Himself. Father, a Christian can search for a true sense of life in God. No one alone has a drink of living water and Divine Bread, which is His Body.

The Lord has deprived us of the word God, in which the Divine expectation is contained, the truth of God. Having created the Church and given it everything necessary for salvation. The Church also bears the truth and correct knowledge about God, the world and people. The axis of this truth is the responsibility of Christians, who read the Holy Letter and are instructed by the works of the Fathers of the Church.

Those who are zealous about prayer, about doing good deeds, about saturating themselves with the word of God, truly “defy the truth” and, of course, reject the saturation of the ever-flowing Dzherel - our Savior - both in this century and in the future.

Hey the commandment

The blessed ones are merciful, for they will have mercy.

Mercy, mercy- This is a mess of hundreds of neighbors. In these honors we inherit God himself: Be merciful, as your Father is merciful(Luke 6:36). God sends His mercy and gifts both to the righteous and to the unrighteous and sinful people. Vіn radіє about one sinner who repents, there are ninety-nine righteous people who do not demand repentance(Luke 15:7).

And the same kind of selfless love guides all of us, so that we should do justice, not for the sake of the city, not to give up our tiredness, but out of love for the people themselves, God’s final commandment.

Do good deeds to people as creatures, to the image of God, and hereby we offer service to God Himself. The Gospel gives an image of the Last Judgment, when the Lord raises up the righteous from the sinners and says to the righteous: come, blessed ones of My Father, set aside the Kingdom, prepared for you in the creation of the world: for I willed, and you gave Me to exist; You thirsted and you gave me something to drink; being a mandarin, you accepted Me; you were naked, and you clothed me; I was sick, and you gave me away; at the Vyaznitsa, and you came to Me. Then the righteous will say to You in the testimony: Lord! When did we make You greedy and indignant? What shall we drink and drink? when they gave you a mandrivka and accepted it? Why are we naked and wearing clothes? when we hurt you, we were sick, and we came to you? And the king said to them at the confession: I tell you the truth: You killed the fragments of one of My younger brothers, then you killed Me.(Mt 25, 34-40). It is said that " mercifully themselves have mercy" And by the way, those who do not do good justice will not be vindicated at the judgment of God, as it is said in the same parable about the Last Judgment.

Shosta commandment

Blessed ones are pure in heart, for the stench spoils God.

Blessed are pure in heart be pure in soul and mind, away from sinful thoughts and worries. It is important not only to ignore the commission of sin in a visible way, but also to give up on thoughts about it, so that any sin begins with a message, and then materializes. Evil thoughts, murders, over-love, over-love, theft, false testimony, blasphemy come out of people’s hearts.(Mt 15:19), says the word of God. Not only bodily uncleanliness is sin, but first of all it is uncleanness of the soul, spiritual filth. People can’t spare anyone’s life, except that they hate people and fear death. Tim himself will destroy his powerful soul, and now he may go as far as killing him. The Apostle John the Theologian foreshadows this: Kozhen who hates his brother is a murderer of a human being.(1 IV 3, 15). A person who has an unclean soul and unclean thoughts is a potential source of already visible sins.

If your eye is pure, then your whole body will be bright. if your eye is dirty, then your whole body will be dark(Mt 6:22-23). These words of Jesus Christ are spoken about the purity of the heart and soul. A pure eye means generosity, purity, holiness of thoughts and intentions, and this intention leads to good things. And finally: where the eye is, the heart is blinded, there reign darkness with thoughts that will soon become dark on the right. Only people with a pure soul and pure messages can come close to God, pamper yourself Yogo. To see God not with bodily eyes, but with the spiritual gaze of a pure soul and heart. Since this organ of spiritual vision is dim, filled with sin, people cannot reassure the Lord. Therefore, we need to get rid of unclean, sinful, evil thoughts, drive them away like reinforcements from the enemy and create light and goodness in our souls. Thoughts are turned by prayer, faith and hope in God, love for Him, for people and for every creation of God.

Soma commandment

Blessed peacemakers, for they will be called the sons of God.

Blessed peacemakers... The commandment to make peace with people and to reconcile those who oppose them is very high in the Gospel. Such people are called children, sons of God. Why? We are all children of God, His creation. Father and mother have nothing acceptable if they know that their children will live in the world, love and blessings among themselves: How good and pleasant it is for brothers to live together!(Ps 133:1). And yet, how difficult it is for father and mother to weld, cook, and make war between children, causing all the father’s hearts to bleed! Since peace and good times between children please earthly fathers, our Heavenly Father needs them more than our Heavenly Father so that we can live among the world. And the person who preserves peace with his family, with people, reconciles those who oppose him, is accepted and pleasing to God. Moreover, such a person receives joy, peace, happiness and the blessed sight of God here on earth, brings peace in the soul and peace with neighbors - it is irresistibly taken away by the city and in the Kingdom of Heaven.

The peacemakers will also be called “sons of God,” because in their feat they will resemble the very Son of God, Christ the Savior, who reconciled people to God, renewing the bond that was broken by the sins and falls of mankind to God.

Eighth commandment

The blessed ones were persecuted for the truth, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.

Blessed are driven out for the sake of truth. About the acquisition of Truth, Divine Truth, was already mentioned in the fourth commandment of beatitude. We remember that the Truth is Christ Himself. Vin is also called Sun of truth. It is about rubbish, the persecution for the truth. God follows this commandment. The path of a Christian is always the path of a warrior of Christ. The path is folding, important, narrow: There is a narrow gate and a narrow road that leads to life(Mt 7, 14). There is only one road, which leads to the end; we are not given any other way. Naturally, it is difficult to live in the turbulent, often even witch-like Christianity of the world. It’s true that there are no persecutions and pressures for faith, just living like a Christian, obeying God’s commandments, working for God and your neighbors is not easy. It’s much easier to live “like us” and “brothers in life.” We know that this very path leads to death: wide is the gate and wide is the road that leads to death(Mt 7, 13). And those who, even more than a lot of people, go directly to someone, are not guilty of beating us. A Christian is always different, not like everyone else. “Try to live not as you should live, but as God commands, for... the light lies with evil.” - like the Monk Barsanuphius of Optinsky. It doesn’t matter if we are persecuted here on earth for our life and faith, because our Fatherlandism is not on earth, but in heaven, with God. We persecute him for the sake of righteousness, the Lord adheres to this commandment Kingdom of Heaven.

Ninth commandment

Blessed are you if they destroy you and persecute you and slander you in all sorts of unjust ways because of Me. Rejoice and be glad, for great is your city in heaven: so they persecuted the prophets who were before you.

To the continuators of the eighth commandment, where we must fight for the truth of God and the Christian life, that remains the commandment of blessedness. The Lord promises a blessed life to all those who are persecuted for their faith.

It says here about the greatest manifestation of love for God - about the readiness to give one’s life for Christ, for one’s faith in Him. This feat is called martyrdom. This path is great, this path is great great city. The way of this commandment by the Savior Himself. Having recognized the re-examination, torment, cruel tortura and painful death, they gave this butt to all of His followers and recognized them in their readiness to suffer for Him to the point of blood and death, as if He had suffered for s_h us.

We know that the Church stands on the blood and resilience of martyrs. They overcame the pagan, enemy world, giving up their lives and placing them at the foundation of the Church.

Otherwise, the human race will not calm down and will constantly start a new persecution against Christians. I until Vladi will come Antichrist, we ourselves persecute and re-examine the teachings of Christ. Therefore, a Christian may be constantly prepared for the feat of confession and martyrdom.

The name of the ancient Greek poetry, Sappho has earned respect throughout history as lovers of poetry and historians of literature. “Presented” Sappho, as her companions called her, was born on the island of Lesbos near the place of Erest at the 42nd Olympiad, 612 BC. Safpo, who studied at the school of hetaeras, early learned the name before poetry. Her biased nature could not hide the feelings that were complimenting her. Vaughn wrote odes, hymns, elegies, epitaphs, holy days and bed songs with verses called “sapphic” after her. With a lyra in her hands, she recited her special stanzas, which is why she is respected as a representative of petty (musical and song) lyricism. The slaughter of Sappho, like other ancient Greek lyric poetry, has come down to us, apparently, only fragmentarily: over two hundred verses, which are mostly composed of one or two rows, which are at the same time inconsistent. Do everything - either calls to kohannya, or skargs on it, both passionate blessings and hot feasts.

As the greatest spirit of inspiration and poetic gift, two new odes are called upon, the first of which masterfully follows the hymnic form of an invocation to the deity (Aphrodite) with a description of the frailty of love (“Glorious Aphrodite will roll upon the throne”), and another, most popular among Russian poets, which she took away The translation by N. Boileau is widely popular, with a sophisticated description of the languor of love (“God is jealous of me for happiness”). P. Sumarokov, N. A. Lviv, M. M. Muravyov, G. R. Derzhavin (more than ten editions and variants), V. A. Zhukovsky, K. F. Rileyev, A. S. Pushkin, A. F Merzlyakov, P. A. Katenin, A. N. Maikov, V. I. Ivanov, V.V. Veresaev and a lot of others, less publicly, sing and translate. I want the ancient and modern European versh without often being transferred to the Russian table! The name of Sappho in the literary process became the cause of guilt literary phenomenon"Sappho in Russia".

What is the reason for the increase in respect to the 2nd ode from the side of Russian poets and translators? This top is the first in modern European poetry (as mothers are respected, because she is the heir to ancient culture and literature), in which in such a concisely naked form the ungamous love passion of her physical body is conveyed no, as it is not a physiological expression.

From the translations and translations of another ode to Sappho, you must see the translations of G.R. Derzhavina. First, Derzhavin translated this ode in 1770, then, perhaps, suddenly in 1780, but the editors did not satisfy the poet, and the rest of the translation was fragmented from the French Boileau. U 1797 r. Derzhavin again translates this ode, but from a sub-translation, divided directly from the Greek text. Chorn's first edition was published by Grot:

Blessed, like the gods, who, sitting opposite, hears the sweet voice of your lips - and, ah, the smile of any love!

I say that, - and my heart is stronger in my chest, my voice is clear, my tongue does not crumble in my mouth, and a quick fire runs in my blood.

Look at the darkness, the noise in the ears, I can feel the filth in my body, I’m trembling, pale and, like a grain, I’ll fall without even thinking, I’ll die.

Another translation of Derzhavin’s placements in the almanac “Aonidi”:

Blessed is like these gods, Who is close to you, and passionate in roses, Listens to your sweet lips? I’ll wait, - and the blood is thinning, the breath is crowded, and the tongue doesn’t crumble in my mouth? I've got a lot of fire for me. There is a noise in my ears, a cloud in my eyes, I can feel the cold in my body, I am shaking, I am pale, I am dying, I am dying breathlessly.

This translation, introduced by Derzhavin himself before 1797, and his additions to the literal translation from Greek, is intended to be close to the original.

One of the first translations belongs to V.V. Veresaev:

I will give it to the blessed gods,

Who is so close to you now

Sitting here, who to catch is spellbound

And a charming laugh... Oh, just a little more,

Stop beating your heart now!

I'll even look at you - it's like I'm no longer in the dark

Vimoviti words

I am alone - my language is silent,

The host has passed under the skin of the heat,

The eyes are no longer buzzing, with a ringing noise

Woohoo,

I'm drenched in sweat and my body is three thousand

It penetrates, I'm afraid of green

I weed, and it shows me, os, mit -

I'll fall to death!... ,

V.V. Krestovsky:

Bliss is comparable to the gods,

Who the hell should you sit and listen to?

To your charming promos,

And drink like the sky is melting.

From tsikh wust to yogo wust

A young smile is flying.

And right now, just like me

I'll come with you, in front of your sweetheart

Znenatska raptom my soul

And on the lips there are no promos...

And half-ya gostre kohannya

Shvidshe runs through my veins...

And the ringing of the ears... And the riot of the blood...

And now the cold is creeping in...

And the body, the body keeps shaking...

Flowers are coming

I'm tired of looking at you...

I am breathless... and, silently,

In my eyes, I feel the darkness of light...

I’m amazed, don’t bachachi... No strength...

I check in unpretentiousness... and I know

Axis-axis I’ll die... I’ll die.

Quite an excellent translation by the wonderful poet, playwright, translation, member of the Academy of Mysteries N.A. Lvova admires her poetic quality:

Happy, who, being with you, sits with you, Who hears the words of your beautiful lips, Whom your gentle glance tempts with a smile, He is happy for the gods a hundred times in my eyes.

The axis of this beauty is my partial spirit to quibble with Todi, if I show you in front of me. They lived in a vein of boiling water, Words are wasted, the tongue is silent;

I don’t listen to anything and all around me I hear just the sound of an alarm... I feel and agonize, I tremble, I become pale, I burst into tears, I become cold, I fall in and, it seems, I am separated from my soul.

M.L. Gasparov created an exact subordinate, equilinear translation of one:

1 Be less jealous of the gods 2 That man opposite you 3 Sit and close to you sweet 4 I hear a voice 5 I laugh laughter, and that’s what I see 6 My heart sinks in my chest: 7 I can’t stop looking at you so sweetly, and already 8 He says and I'm not in strength, 9 My tongue is breaking, thin 10 The fire is running silently under my skin, 11 My eyes are filled with nothing, noise 12 My ears are deafening, 13 I'm sweating, the darkness is 14 I'm still humming, greener than the grass 15 Hundred yu, and to die, it seems, me lost 17 But you must endure everything...

Translation by Oleksiy Fedorovich Merzlyakov:

Until happy birthday

Jealous of the immortals seems to be the one

Man, in front of yours, devo, ochima

Wash licorice, what is dear, close, by hearing,

Catching a smile with your eyes!

Bachila tse - tsіpenila;

My heart sank; in the mouths of the unruly

My tongue froze...

Shvidky in body

The river flows to my lower half;

I don’t care about Svetla; Look, they've faded;

The ears have a loud ring to them! -

Cold sweat has a thrill; laniti

Coarse, dried with sinter, pale;

I die, die, melt, embrace;

I'm breathless!..

Versh Sappho, however, like so many others, has come down to us, is the bare nerve itself, not even the past, but the sensitivity itself, if the shell of passion - the word - is completely free from any kind of metam. Ode to Sappho is a unique irrational version of light poetry. Nobody is sending us a signal to talk about those who feel emotions - this is an element and, at the same time, one of the most important life imperatives.

Below is a translation of Sappho’s poem, a “test of the pen” by the author of this work:

Similar to those happy gods,

What is the face of your weariness?

I hear loving words,

With the laugh of honeyed lips entwined.

And if I want to see this,

My lips are overtaken in monstrosity,

A strong fire will burn the body,

Shake your heart, suck in your breath and die.

And the darkness covers my gaze,

The dark tone has a great light,

I'm trembling, pale, like a bilinka

I am dying before you.

The phenomenon of “Sappho in Russia” is largely due to the unique character of the second ode. You can say with all the songs that the verse is written in the ancient language my current moment so often did not attract the respect of the poets. The little that has been preserved from these songs allows us to appreciate in a completely down-to-earth and fair manner the compositions of ancient and great lyrical poetry. In Schiller's words:

Volodya is the only muse,

Whose soul should burn for them!..