James Joyce: biography, literary decline. Biography of James Joyce Biography of James Joyce

James Joyce, the father of literary postmodernism, the winemaker of the “stream of information”, was an inveterate hack and blasphemer. Irishman, drinker of whiskey and Bono, heavy drinker to the point of gigantomania and alcohol. Joyce was born on the 2nd of 1882 in the outskirts of Dublin, in his poor Catholic homeland. My father suffered from alcoholism, he was, - according to the words of his friends, drunkenly for 3.75 days per week and as a result, he got drunk and spent his work. James, for the sake of supporting his family, completed his studies at the College for the State Rakhunok. Already at the age of 14, the youngsters became obsessed with what was written, and also began to actively make friends with the dance and girls of easy behavior. Nezabar Joyce deprived him of Catholicism, and then deprived him of Fatherlandism (“Dublin is a filthy place, and the people here are less vile”). The novel "Ulysses", which glorified Ireland (to put it briefly, it describes one day of three Dubliners), Joyce ended in a foreign country. Having wandered through Europe, having learned English lessons and dreamed of glory. The life of his heroes, as he had more power, passed more and more into the tavern.

Being a progressive alcoholic and a Catholic convert, Joyce kept religion mostly to texts until the end of his life. His friend Nora said to her friends: “You should ask me to sleep with others, so that you have something to write about...”

Having undergone eleven eye surgeries and even falling asleep, Joyce never gave up drinking or writing. In the end, he became known not only as an alcoholic, but as an eccentric. Afraid of the threat and dogs and wearing ladies' trousers, waving them around if they wanted to show sympathy to someone. Having achieved fame, Joyce believed that he was finished with the right in this world, and, at the mercy of the doctors, he died after a simple operation on the shunt.

Joyce's posthumous share is symbolic. Physicists coined the term “quark” from Finnegans Wake. In the Fatherland, the voluntary Vignanian was reluctantly recognized as great. Practical spivvitchians have created a totem for tourists from the famous genius. Signs with gastronomic quotes from "Ulys" decorate the streets of Dublin, explaining to tourists where they can eat and drink. Portrait of the writer of the images on the 10 Irish pound banknote. And next to the Irish pub on the wall is a portrait of Joyce with a glass of beer in his hand.

Genius versus getting used to it

1898 – 1902 First heights. When introduced to the poet William Butler Yeats, Joyce declares: “Your thought means to me no more than the thought of a passer-by.” If you want to introduce medicine, you fly to Paris, and you fill up nasty drinks with absinthe.

1903-1904 Having seen their dying mother, they went to confession and drowned out their guilt with alcohol. Having hung out on the street of D. B. Yeats, the father sings, and goes up to the new one with chants: “Count two shillings.” Yeats Sr. says: “First of all, I don’t have a lot of pennies, but otherwise, you’d still drink it all away.”

1905-1906 Reinforces the new squad, Nora Barnacle's quarters, on their way to Trieste. Look at the book and it says English. P'є із sailors who went on a spree. Write a collection of reviews to “Dublints”.

1907–1914 Pichet “Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.” A daughter, Lucia, was born at the poor ward. Joyce is trying to take over the Dubliners. Apparently the circulation is burning. Drunk with grief, Joyce deprives Ireland.

1915-1919 The publication of the first sections of “Ulys” in the American Little Review ends with a trial for obscenity. The novel was blocked from the USA. Delighted Joyce is on her way to Paris to drink her favorite absinthe.

1920-1929 Finishes "Ulysses". The very same absinthe in the novel will receive a sharp panegyric: “We all drink the green tea, and let the devil take what’s left of us.” Glory has been achieved. I sing in the company of Hemingway, Samuel Beckett and Ezri Pound.

1930-1937 Lucia has schizophrenia and spent 47 years in the hospital. Joyce is drinking. The court praises the decision: “Ulysses” is not pornography, which can be seen in the USA.

1938 – 1939 “Finnegan’s Wake.” The name is taken from an Irish ballad about a drinker who fell to death, only to be resurrected at a funeral due to the smell of whiskey.

1940-1941 Moves to Switzerland. Simmers down to a medicinal level with a slit. Shelter for the operation was provided by two soldiers from the canton of Neuchâtel. “That’s a good sign,” says Joyce. “I have always loved the wine there.” On the 13th of today, Joyce died, in good health after surgery.

James Joyce, whose biography is described in this article, is the most prominent representative of modernism in Ireland. This literary activity influenced the entire world culture of the 20th century.

Childhood and youth

Joyce was born in 1882 on the outskirts of Dublin, in the Rathgar area. This family was even greater (fifteen children). Father John Joyce immediately took up the family business - wine trading. Ale fragments of wine are badly visible on the right, quickly burnt out. You had a chance to be in charge before the tax service. By the way, the robitnitsa was not smoking, but John hadn’t washed himself for a long time. After this, I often change jobs. Together with Mary Jane's retinue, they often moved around, so James lived practically in every part of Dublin during his early childhood.

In essence, all the responsibility for the family fell on the mother’s shoulders. That modest pension was too small for everyone to live on. John the reveler of nitrohi is not bent on such a thing I will do. This deeply affected all the children of the family, in whom the father was born. Later, in the works of Joyce, you will seem to find your own twist.

Unfazed by the wickedness and lack of control of his family, the boy was exposed to a nasty light. The six-year-old was sent to Clongowes Woods College. And at eleven o'clock they transferred to the Belvedere. In 1897, after graduating from high school, James Joyce entered Dublin University (King's), which ended in 1902.

First publications

James Joyce, whose biography shows that he is, without a doubt, talented in writing, in school, and loving literature and language. It immediately became clear that this was not just a burying.

Little James was engaged in vigilance even before entering the Jesuit College. But in the nine-fold world he created a masterpiece that impresses with its directness and frankness. He dedicated it to Charles Parnell, the leader of the free movement in Ireland, and to his comrade-in-arms Timothy Healey, who, having pleased his comrade, ultimately died.

Versh multiplied his father’s writings, but copies, unfortunately, were not preserved.

Towards the beginning of the university, Joyce wrote about her favorite writer, “The Drama of Life.” This is really a small overview of creativity. And just beyond Joyce’s time they began to collaborate with the prestigious London magazine “Double Look”. His first publication was an article about Ibsen’s play “New Drama”. The Pochatkiv writer rejected the disgraceful fee, but the most valuable thing was the praise of the playwright himself.

In addition, 1900 vin write to the song "Bliskucha kar'era". There is nothing else like the inheritance of Ibsen.

In connection with Ruskin’s death, Joyce’s article “The Wild Olive Wreath” was published in the magazine, where the writer discusses the fate of the famous Englishman.

In 1901, he was mainly engaged in translations (for example, “Before the Sun” by Hauptmann).

In late 1902, James decided to get together with Yeats. Having respected the rest, our writer-coach became even more intelligent. And to be honest, Joyce was driven by such behavior, but he didn’t care about being merciful and kind to people.

Paris

Well, Joyce graduated from university. He was faced with a dilemma: what to do next? Gloomy over this, he decided that he wanted to go into medicine. Same for whose wine on the cob of the chest in 1902, having flown to Paris.

James Joyce, whose biography often amazes, suddenly forgot about the date of his arrival in the most romantic place of the world. Medicine literally went out of his head.

He is a patron of the National Library and reads a lot and is of a large size. From these thoughts, the result was the collection “Chamber Music” and the prose works that James Joyce himself called “Epiphanies”. Briefly, this concept is derived from "Stephen's Heroes" (a novel by a writer) and, most importantly, the early aesthetic theory of Joyce.

In addition, James used materials and book reviews of the island that were published in the Dublin Daily Express.

In 1903, Joyce's mother dies. The remaining months were spent with her in Dublin. But through differences on the religious level (Joyce felt religion), after his mother left, he felt guilty and began to choke on alcohol.

Since 1904, he begins to work on his first great work - the novel "Hero Stephen". At the same time, he works on the vertices that will later be removed before assembling the “Dublints”.

10 worms are caught in the life of Joyce. Vin is meeting his new squad Nora. At that hour she was working in a room in the hotel. Since that day the stench practically never left.

At this time, James writes and publishes a lot of information in magazines. And finally, fate goes from Nora to Europe, to the mainland.

In 1905, in Trieste, the couple gave birth to a son, Giorgio, and in 1907, a daughter, Lucia. It is noticeable that the girl was born in a hospital for the poor. The Joycees stayed at an important financial position, not caring about the fact that the father of the rich family stubbornly worked. Nobody wants to see the collection of "Dublins", especially in Ireland. He was respected as unpatriotic, and under the pressure of enormity, he was ordered to burn the circulation ready before sale.

Zurich

Through the cob of the First Light Joyce, we travel to Zurich, where we will stay until 1919. James has already started working on the most important novel in life - “Ulysses”.

Living in Zurich was remarkable because here the writer had finished working on one of his greatest creations - the artist in his youth." The two had already left the world, but the whole thing was not ready.

"Portrait of the artist as a youth"

This novel by James Joyce is autobiographical. A reworking of the previously written "Steve's Hero".

The book was first published in 1916 in America thanks to the efforts of Joyce's friend Harriet Weaver, who was also the editor of the magazine "Egoist". Then there were publications in Austria and other countries.

The author describes the development of a hero named Stephen Dedalus, who would later appear in the novel “Ulysses.” James Joyce talks about the character as his alter. Daedalus himself doubts the truth of the postulates of Catholicism and the correctness of the arrangement of the immediate marriage of Ireland.

"Ulysses"

Until 1922, chapters of Joyce's new novel appeared in popular magazines. Alas, it’s impossible to tell us that in the USA, they blocked him before his release. Britain had a moratorium until 1936. As a result, the book gained popularity in Paris. They released 2 fierce ones - the author’s national day.

Why should the writer die then, so that his very work can be called the pinnacle of modernism, and what high title deprives his “Ulysses”? James Joyce has no doubt about it! Having created an incredible polystylistic composition, based on historical, philosophical, cultural and other elements. Regardless of the simplicity of the plot, the novel is truly amazing and unique.

Two schemes for your understanding became James Joyce. The chronological table was published in 1931 by S. Gilbert from the book “Ulysses” by Joyce.

"Finnegan's Wake"

In 1923, the writer began work on the rest of his great work. He himself called this practice “Rich in the Robot”.

James Joyce, whose biography regularly found its way into his books, declared that he was writing the history of the world. Since 1927, the chapters of the new novel began to appear.

In 1931, James officially became friends with Nora (and 27 years later!). And over the course of time they start to call them “Stephen”.

In 1939, he published an experimental novel, written in technology "flow of information." Zvichaino, yogo author James Joyce. The books of wonder are read by the readers without catching them. "Finnegan's Wake" is made up entirely of puns, sets of neologisms, the author is rich in what he has written, so you won't even know what he's talking about.

Formally, the action takes place over the course of one night in Dublin, on a symbolic level - which is the whole world history.

Floating in

In 1941, James Joyce died after an operation to remove the varicose vein. Quotes from his books appear in all magazines, only now in the obituary section. This was an important blow for this family and all the penniless writers.

I owe my life and creativity to such prominent creators as John Updike, Borges, Beckett. His literary activity was assessed ambiguously both during life and after death. But one thing remains unchanged - James Joyce created a full-scale revolution in secular culture.

James Augustine Aloysius Joyce(James Augustine Aloysius Joyce) was born on the 2nd year 1882 at 41 Brighton Square West near the ancient Rathgar district of Dublin and was buried on the 5th year in the Church of St. Joseph (nine Terenure Road East, 6). This national day fell on Catholic Street and at the same time on Groundhog Day.

Traditionally, the Joyces (like all the numbered Joycees of Ireland) traced their lineage to the glorious Joyces of Galway and always wore their coat of arms, but there is no further evidence of controversy. The etymology of the nickname is similar to the French joueux (joyful) and the Latin jocus (hotness, heat, fun), and this fact was especially suitable for James Joyce, who gave the dates of his people and his nickname special significance. The certificate of the people was granted an apology, and Joyce was named James Augustus - an amenity that Joyce conveyed to his character Leopold Bloom.

James was the eldest of ten children who survived John Stanislas Joyce and Mary Jane Murry. John Stanislas Joyce was from Cork, the homeland of merchants. Having calmed down his significant camp, he squandered the wind, but for the sake of his bonds, he achieved a great profit and a troublesome planting of collecting taxes, for which, prote, without having to wear himself out for long. John Joyce, an ardent Catholic and patriot, was considered one of the greatest tenors in Ireland, a brilliant sportsman, the soul of the party, a joker and a talker. The passion for alcohol, pub crawls, amateur performances, and political debates took up every hour - my family lived on the edge of the dark and constantly moved around. Mary Jane Merry, the writer's mother, was a gifted pianist, a devout and extremely patient woman, who tried hard to preserve the appearance of decent bourgeois wealth in the face of a constant shortage of wealth.

1888 Father appointed his lover James to the privileges of Clongowes Wood College, a school of the Jesuit Order. James miraculously settled into school, became a good student, earning the nickname “Sunny Jim,” but in 1891 his family could no longer afford to pay the tuition fees, and Joyce continued to study at home and at the Christian Brothers school. The writer, who generously filled his work with autobiographical details, will try not to remember this period of his life. In 1893, once again with the help of his associates, John Joyce was given the opportunity to attend to the senior blues at Belvedere College for the state prison. Strictly regulated, ground-level coverage, with an emphasis on philosophy, theology, language and mysticism, gave Joyce a lot. Until the end of his days, the writer, having probably been inspired by Catholicism, never ceased to be overwhelmed by the logic and stringency of the world of Thomas Aquinas, who learned under the gaze of the Jezuites.

Belvedere Joyce had a brilliant start, especially high marks for her achievements in language and literature. At the most recent national tests, we have won awards and solid penny prizes. Joyce begins to write actively. As early as 1891, the birth of the people, inspired by patriotic sentiments in Ireland, can be seen in the verse “Et tu, Healy”, dedicated to the leader of the Revolution for the Independence of Ireland, Charles Stewart Parnell, heroes and nationalists. Students' careers include work on the essay about Ibsen, translations of Ibsen and Hauptmann, the essay on dramaturgy and the poetry of Yeats and, of course, a permanent creation of works (most of the early works have not been preserved). 1st quarter of 1900, the great London magazine “Dvotizhnevy Oglyad” published an article by James Joyce “Ibsen’s New Drama”, dedicated to the song “If I Were Dead”; The article was marked by Ibsen himself. Around 1901 - 1902, Joyce created and theoretically grounded the powerful genre of “epiphanies”, short sketches that try to describe some kind of aesthetic analogue of theophany, if the word is the “soul” of a speech, situation, insignificant scene; First, Joyce formulates a very important idea “about the significance of trivial speeches”, about the impossibility of separating everyday life from daily life.

At college, Joyce experiences a crisis of faith (relevantly depicted in the partly autobiographical “Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man”) and is encouraged to join the Order of the Jesuits. And in Ireland, the so-called “Irish Revival” is gaining more and more popularity, which is directly related to the renewal of national identity, which was largely spent under the siege of England. Joyce's portrayal of such a surge of patriotism and nationalism is great: on the one hand, we are overwhelmed by Charles Parnell and the New Irish poets, prose writers and playwrights, on the other hand, we absorb the influx of Maidan, folk lorny elements in the theater, unilluminated "hurray image to appear in " Ulysses” in the appearance of the character (Gromadyanin) is different. From the beginning of 1902, Joyce began her attempts to “flow” from Ireland to Paris - where two people turned there.

In the year 1903, fate turns to Dublin until his sick mother died on the 13th of liver cancer. Joyce, having started to drink heavily, quickly comes to you, whose brother Stanislav (Stanni) gives him topics for small “creations”, one of which is “Portrait of an Artist”. The ten-page manuscript of “A Portrait of the Artist” was thrown out by editor John Eglinton. Joyce begins to work on the work of “Hero Stephen”, writing for the magazine “Irish Garden” a series of accounts collected from the “Dublints” collection. On September 13, 1904, "Irish Garden" publishes the story of "Sisters", on the 10th of April - "Evelina". The most important figure is the first sustrich of 10 hearts with Nora Barnacle (1884 – 1951). On the 14th of August, in Barnacle, you will not come to the service; instead, the evening of the 16th of August will take place (on the 16th of August, 1904 – a day in “Ulisya”). Stately, rude, independent, with copper-colored hair, Nora Barnacle served as a room in a friendly hotel. You will become love and the squad of James Joyce.

Joyce later became increasingly disillusioned with Ireland and the literary life of the Irish Renaissance, writing the satirical pamphlet The Holy Office, exploring literary Dublin, and the 9th Century of James and Norwich go to the continent.

Joyce lives in Europe: Zurich, Pula (a port on the Adriatic), Trieste, Rome, Zurich... She works as a depositor at foreign language courses, then as a clerk at a Roman bank. Joyce's Rome was not worthy of the chimerical beauty of the “great”, but he said a little: “Rome I can’t imagine the person who is in the business of showing his grandmother’s corpse to others.” Joyce and Nori have son Giorgio (1905) and daughter Lucia (1907). Joyce continues to write accounts and until 1907 he finishes “Dublintsev”, long-term misconceptions begin about the collection price (published in 1914). Imovirno 1 Bereznya 1914 fate was issued “Ulysses”.

Over the course of ten rocks, Joyce deconstructs his powerful aesthetics more and more deeply and in more detail, even more and more tediously and strongly transforming the accumulations of student rocks. Write Vershy, there are two collections of poetry: “Chamber Music” – published in 1907 – and “Poems Pennyeach” – published in 1927. Joyce knew Ezra Pound and Thomas Stearns Elliot. In 1907, Joyce plans to rework “Stephen’s Hero” and begins writing “A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.” 1914-1915 were turning points in the life and work of Joyce. The collection “Dubliners” was published, and in 1915 “Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man” was published. Money problems are constantly emerging, friends are obtaining huge subsidies for Joyce, the famous avant-garde philanthropists Harriet Shaw-Weaver and Edith McCormick are awarding him a significant scholarship.

Since 1918, the American magazine The Little Review begins to publish episodes of “Ulysses,” and a few episodes appear in the London-based The Egoist. On February 2, 1922, “Ulysses” was officially published. From the first time the novel is revealed to each other, a great deal of enmity is celebrated, a cry of exhilaration and a happy burial is heard among Joyce’s close friends and colleagues. The appeal was such that “Ulysses” itself signifies the boundaries of literature, direct literature and literary trends. Virginia Woolf’s first “experimental” novel, “Jacob’s Room,” was written “under the shadow” of “Ulysses.” Virginia Woolf writes: “I now feel that now is the time for Mr. Joyce to do the same—and to do better.”

And Joyce no longer has enough of the polystylistic nature of “Ulysses,” and begins to work on his new work, Finnegans Wake (“Finnegan’s Wake,” “Finnegan’s Wake”). Since the beginning of 1924, Finnegans Wake begins to be published in episodes in various magazines. 2 fierce 1939 fate came first to the book sight. In Finnegans Wake, Joyce uses a lot of ideas from traditional forms of evidence, this story becoming a rich play that does not translate into a novel, which can only be called a novel with great stretch.

From 1920 until the end of his life, Joyce lived in Zurich and sometimes in Paris. Continue to work and make corrections to “Ulysses” and Finnegans Wake. Since childhood, Joyce had a weak eye, and began to suffer from anxiety; in 1923, he underwent a non-invasive operation, but they practically did not help. For the rest of his life, Joyce could not read or write, and secretaries came to help him (one of them was Samuel Beckett).

James Augustine Aloysius Joyce died on June 13, 1941 due to a perforation. On the 15th of today we were going to the Fluntern storage facility near Zurich.

Vidomy the Irish writer sings. Let us become a representative of modernism in literature. The novel “Ulysses” brought worldwide popularity, which created a great sensation. Let us first select the format of the novel, which is definitely not known to the readers.

It is important that James Joyce’s works are autobiographical, about his tragic heroes, less successful in life, not the author himself.

The creativity of James Joyce

James Joyce influenced world culture as a whole. It is currently one of the most widely read English writers. Apparently, in 1999, Time magazine included Joyce’s list in the list of “100 Heroes and Idols of the 20th Century” and respected the fact that James Joyce created an entire revolution with his works.

James Joyce's creativity was at its peak. Already, sixteen rocks have written a lot of different songs and lyrical poems. The young Joyce began to cry and burst into creativity, which greatly affected his creativity.

The most popular works of James Joyce can be seen:

• "Epiphanies";
• "Chamber music";
• "Finnegan's Wake."

Short biography of James Joyce

Born in 1882 in her great homeland, she lived in the ancient part of Dublin. Through unwritten information, James’s father was on the border of the ruins. That's why he often changed professions. The family moved around different parts of Dublin. Regardless of poverty and wickedness, Joyce was able to reject the evil light.

When James Joyce was 6 years old, he began his studies at Kponhouse Woods College near Klein, and later began his studies at Belvedere College in 1893. An hour later the young man entered the university, graduating in 1902.

Moving to France, to Paris was a special decision for the young man. At that time, you were 20 years old. There, in response to financial needs, like his father, he gradually changed professions. Having worked as a journalist, a teacher and not in any other job.

However, having torn off the sheet at home, in which it was about those whose mother was in a difficult situation, James Joyce turned home in confusion. After his death in 1904, the writer left Ireland again. He settled with Trieste, leaving his room at once. Twenty years later the stinks became friends.

In the 1940s, the writer's health declined greatly, and in early 1941, James Joyce died.

James Joyce

In his greatest assessment of his creativity, Joyce took into account the phrase of one critic: this writer is one of those rare gifts, like “one who writes masterpieces.” Yakos Joyce told W.B. Yeats: “We will soon forget the grudge with you,” - prote, being in a less pessimistic mood, Joyce respected God’s gift of modern literature. More than sixty years have passed since his death, and now there are few who are in need of him. True, there are even fewer people who could squeeze two of their remaining creations entirely, but it’s a completely different story.

Joyce was born into a prosperous family of Irish Catholics, but his childhood was obscured by the drinking and squandering of his father. After the death of John Joyce, James asked his father and wife: “Bankrupt.” Tim no less, the father’s salary and tax collection was entirely enough to send little Jimmy to a prestigious private school and support him financially while he was preparing to become a doctor. It was then that James was bitten by the bug of writing, and all his dreams about paying for his father’s wars were forgotten. In 1904, Joyce's father gave birth to Nora Barnacle, who became his companion in life. Recounting the loss of his son from home to a woman named Barnacle, John Joyce caustically repeated: “Now there’s no one like him again.” Joyce Sr. will become wiser to know that the nickname Barnacle translates as “sea rock” - a mollusk that sticks to the bottom of the ship.

Like a lot of Catholics, Joyce once emerged from his ears, who were accountable to the formation of his particularity: from the family, the region and the church. Phrase "Non serviam"(“I do not serve”), as the main character says in the novel “A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man,” which could become the author’s motto. His collection of evidence of “Dublintsy” was collected from twenty-two schools, and in one it was burned, the rest of which was found to be unpatriotic in terms of morality and “unpatriotic in part of the description of Dublin.” "Ulysses" was built in America until 1933. Partly angry at the dullness and shallowness of the Spivvitch people, and partly eager to live openly with Nora “in sin”, in love affairs, Joyce spent most of her life in Europe: as a head rank in Paris, Zurich and T riesti. Here he is alive and has created for his own satisfaction, and his ideal was destroyed by the war.

Joyce's main focus was health. Since childhood, problems with his eyesight have appeared. He wore hard-wearing eyepieces and underwent eleven surgeries for short-sightedness, glaucoma and cataracts. One hour after the operation on the left eye, the crystal was removed from the surface. Another problem was bad teeth. In the throes of poverty, the young writer often ate only cocoa and could not afford the dental services that he needed through such a licorice diet. His teeth literally rotted at the roots, which led to the burning of the iris, and the whole body lost its strength, which had already declined. Arguing that he had already chosen the necessary words for “Ulysses” and only needed to put them in the correct order, Joyce did not fry. I’ll spend the last third of my life writing the letter together.

On June 10, 1941, Joyce suffered from sickness at the boat and was taken to the Zurich hospital. You were diagnosed with a “perforated duodenal varicose vein”, having immediately fallen into someone’s hands, only to understand the remaining words: “Isn’t anyone sane?” The Catholic priest ordered to conduct his funeral, Prote Nora saw his servants, declaring: “I can’t do this to him.” Joyce is buried in the Zurich Province of Fluntern under a simple memorial plaque.

Make-up and bark

Throughout his life, Joyce was terrified of two speeches: dogs and thunder. The origin of the first phobia is completely clear: in childhood, people threw stones on the beach, and a stray dog ​​tasted it. And for other of his fears, Joyce was guilty of the governess. This jealous Catholic woman inspired the boy that the thunderstorm revealed the wrath of God, and urged him to be baptized, just to lighten the fires in his sleep. Joyce and the grown-ups immediately shook at the sound of thunder. If you asked someone why they reacted this way, Joyce said: “You wouldn’t realize that you didn’t grow up in Catholic Ireland.”

Portrait of the artist as an old man

To say that Joyce has unconventional sexual fantasies is to say nothing.

“The two parts of your body that are most attractive to me are the ones that can be used to overcome the pains of violence,” Joyce wrote in one of the numerous erotic sheets published before her rich partner Nori Barnacle. “I want you to give me the gift of a virubal,” he told another sheet. “I will love you, my dear Noro!” And here are some more interesting passages. Joyce's love affairs were explained with detailed descriptions of real and apparent relationships. Among the most visible anatomical descriptions, which helped Joyce to finish masturbating, there were vulgar praises of “great and round breasts” and “dupes, more gases”. It seemed that in... hmmm... Joyce's heart had a special place for the smell of the wind that the woman blew, and the sight of the dirty whiteness. Marvelous? So. Sexually? It's really hot. What about Nora? Who should have sniffed the panties? These pages have not been saved from Joyce’s testimony, but after some of the writing’s explanations you can learn that she was just as susceptible (or even more so) to non-standard sexual fantasies. “You are turning me into a creature,” Joyce wrote to the devil’s messenger of lust. “Here you are, you, absolutely unheard of girl, was the first to set foot on this path.”

AND YOUR ASS WAS BIGGER!

Joyce was in the grip of women, but one detail of the woman’s anatomy particularly bothered him. When the story was told about the Ludozer king, who chose a man of the size of Sidnitsa, Joyce said: “I strongly suspect that if the Bolsheviks decide to plunder the whole world, they will save their slaughter.” and the monarch."

TWO BORES

Sometimes the meetings between two literary celebrities are not at all as cultural and presented as they were perceived to be. Take, for example, Joyce’s collaboration with Marcel Proust in 1922. At that time, the offense was respected by the most famous novelists in the world. When both of them showed up at the same party in Paris, the room fell silent. The guests appreciated that these two literary geniuses had plenty of sleep, and they were pleased. Joyce and Proust, like two old women on the hunt, began to quarrel with one another about their numerous ailments. “I have a headache every now and then. “I’m in trouble,” muttered Joyce. “Oh, my little little bastard. Why should I work with him? Kolya is killing me!” – echoing Proust. After an even more awkward exchange of remarks about how truffles love the stink, the scribes admitted that they had not read any of the books. If those for the rose were exhausted, Proust, taking away his rubbish, went straight to the door. Joyce agreed to ride with him to the booth in his taxi, paying for insurance to continue his education, but, unfortunately, this did not happen. The author of the famous cycle “In the Search of a Wasted Hour” was visiting his apartment, without ever asking Joyce to go to the cafe for tea.

CONFLICT FOR GENERATIONS

The first meeting with another literary idol, William Butler Yeats, was not far away. The learned Irish singer tried to make himself like his young colleague, having wasted an hour. Yeats finally realized that it was necessary to honor this from Joyce’s greedy verses, to which Joyce unnecessarily stretched out his manuscript and grumpily said: “Well, if you ask so much... Please tell me what your thought means to me no more, "Izh the thought of the first zoustrichnogo." Then the language turned to the foreign literary diet. When Yeats guessed Honore de Balzac, Joyce only laughed. “Who reads Balzac now?!” - Hug vin. Nareshti Rozmova attacked the creativity of Yeats himself, who, according to the author’s words, moved to the stage of experiments. “Ah,” Joyce said thoughtfully, “this just shows that you are rapidly losing mastery.” When Rozmova reached the end, Joyce’s disrespectful tone only became stronger. “We got together too late,” he said to Yates in parting. “You are too old, so I would like to get into trouble with you.” Yeats, having listened to all this flowing image, bit the language. However, later, no longer streamed, writing about Joyce: “Never dreamed that in one person such colossal intelligence would be combined with such a Lebanese literary gift.”

In the vast number of erotic sheets addressed to the spivmeshcan Nora Barnacle, James Joyce wrote that he wanted him to hit, beat or empty.

Naughty pen

A lot of people around the world shared Joyce’s lofty thoughts to themselves. It seems that in Zurich there are young people on the street. “Can you kiss my hand that wrote “Ulysses”?” - having drunk wine. “No,” Joyce said. “This hand has made a lot of other things.” Of course, Nora could confirm your words.

I CAN'T STAND IT!

Joyce hated monuments. Once upon a time we passed the Parisian Arc de Triomphe in a taxi. The friend chuckled as to how long the eternal fire could burn. “The unknown soldier, who has had enough of everything for a long time, will not rise from his grave and will not choke him,” said Joyce.

ABOUT QUARKS

In world particle physics, the quark is one of the fundamental particles that make up matter. This is also the name of a French concept car, a character in the TV series “Growing Road: Deep Space 9” and the name of a dog in the fantastic comedy “Honey, I Changed the Children” (1989). For all these incidents we blame James Joyce. The American physicist Murray Gell-Mann gave subatomic particles the name “quark” in honor of the three seabirds that hovered frettingly at King Mark on the 383rd page of “Finnegans Wake.” (The whole phrase sounds like this: “Three quarks for Master Mark!”)

KNOCK KNOCK! - WHO IS THERE? NOT ALL BOOKHOUSES ARE HERE!

Joyce's remaining novel, “Finnegan's Wake,” is known to few people to understand and is unreadable. And the version that reached this unreadability was the hand of Samuel Beckett, who had problems with hearing. At the hour of writing the novel, Joyce was completely blind, dictating the text to Beckett. As if at the hour of work there was a knock at the door, aka Beckett, with his muffledness, whom he did not feel. “Leave!” - Joyce said, and Beckett audibly wrote down the words. If Beckett re-read the authors' endings, Joyce was so pleased with this “Get away!” that he decided to leave it out of the text.