A message on the topic of the funeral of an unnecessary middle life. See, that was the cause of confusion in the excessive natural environment. How to kidnap Dovkill on your own

1.2 State policy of zakhistu dovkilla
1.3 Environmental legislation

Visnovok

List of references

supplement

Glossary

Enter

The problem of zakhistu dovkillya faced humanity recently. In our time, there is a great number of waste emissions into the atmosphere, the ocean, and the depletion of forests. All this significantly brings the light of self-deprecation closer. Ozone depletions, a warming climate, and the extinction of many species of creatures clearly indicate that our core of life has been stripped to the brink. As a result of the further activity of people, the life of the planet and the people of the Middle Ages have been preserved.
Relevance. One of the main problems of the socio-economic development of our region is ensuring the ecological safety of communities, protecting the excess natural environment and rational environmental management. The remaining fate has been the lack of documents contributed to the improvement of the environmental situation in Kazakhstan.
The object of investigation is legal regime dovkilla.
The subject of investigation is natural resources and environmental law.
The purpose of this work is the implementation of the environmental legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which regulates the legal regime of pre-killing.
Apparently, up to this point, the robot has the following tasks:
1. Look at the categories and types of confusion in the excessive middle.
2. To characterize the legislative basis of international law and legal protection of nature in the middle of the country, which is the legal basis for conservation natural resources that middle ground of life
3. Reveal the legal regime of natural objects that are especially protected, and their rational destruction.

    Protection of the unnecessary middle
1.1 Causes and inheritance of confusion in the excessive middle class

In the 20th century, the pressure on nature from the side of human welfare has sharply increased. Thus, over the past 30 years, the world has lost as many natural resources as in the previous history of mankind. There is a threat of exhaustion and depletion of various types of resources in connection with this system. This is where we need to get to the mineral, water and other types of resources.
At the same time, the scale of the change in the nature of the exits increased, which raised the threat of impoverishment of the Dovkill. According to historical data, as of today there are (mentally) 200 kg per person on the planet. exits. These anthropogenic landscapes already occupy 60% of the earth's land.
Sustainment does not simply take advantage of natural wealth, but recreates the natural environment. The interaction between people and nature becomes a special sphere of activity, which is called “nature conservation”.
Nature conservation is the totality of events that involve the development, development, transformation and burial of the superfluous environment.
Vono can buti:

      Rational, in which the relationship between our partnership and nature develops harmoniously, a system of approaches has been created that contribute to reducing and preventing the negative inheritance of humans from nature.
      irrational - placing people before nature as survivable, the balance in the mutual relationship of marriage and nature is destroyed, there is no insurance for the protection of too much middle ground, which leads to its degradation.
Applications of rational environmental management can include the creation of nature reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, territories that are especially protected, the development of cleansing sporades, the stagnation of closed water supply technologies, the complex processing of cheese, the development and stagnation of new environmentally safe various types of cheese, processing of outputs.
Unfortunately, there are many more consequences of irrational environmental management - the destruction of forests, the loss of river and lake outlets, the polluted atmosphere and hydrosphere, the destruction of creatures and much more.
The obstruction of an excessively middle-class environment is not a necessary change in power, which can lead to an unnecessary influx on the natural complexes of the planet and a threat to human health.
And although the obstruction of the child may be the result of spontaneous natural phenomena, most of them are the result of the government’s activities of people.
The main types of obstruction are:
      Khimichne (trapping at Dovkill chemical speeches ta z'ednan);
      Radioactive (contamination of dowkill with radioactive elements);
      Teplov (Wikid Heat);
      Shumovo ( advances rhubarb noise);
      Biological (contaminated with a number of pathogenic microorganisms).
The obstruction of the soil surface can be a result of the illiterate administration of the agricultural dominion, the destruction of land, the process of soil extraction, the waste of waste chemicals and the removal of important metals. Through the war, less productive and productive lands, called “bad lands” (bad lands), are destroyed.
The obstruction of the hydrosphere occurs, first of all, as a result of the discharge of wastewater into rivers and seas. Their sacramental obscurity reaches 1 thousand. km. at cube on the river The most polluted rivers are: Rhine, Seine, Danube, Tiber, Mississippi, Volga, Dnieper, Nile, Ganges.
The pollution of the Light Ocean is growing, which consumes up to 100 million tons of waste; the ocean especially suffers from naphtha pollution. Due to various oil spills, between 4 and 16 million tons of oil are lost to the ocean.
The most polluted areas are the Seredzemne, Pivnichne, Baltic, Chorna, Japanese and Caribbean seas.
The atmosphere becomes cloudy, immediately, as a result of the combustion of the mineral fire. The most important atmospheres are carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen. The release of sour gas into the atmosphere is associated with the creation of acidic deposits, which cause great harm to plants and creatures, and the collapse of spores, which have a negative impact on people’s health.
At this hour, the confusion of the extreme middle has reached such a proportion that it is necessary to live out the terminology.
It is necessary to cleanse spores, stagnate low-sour firewood, recycle sludge, reclaim land, stagnate clean technologies and recycling water supply systems.

1.2 Government policy to protect Dovkill

The need for careful attention to nature was realized long ago. For example, the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus in the 4th century. BC diyshovka: “Do not valorize nature, but repent of it...” - which has lost its relevance at the hour.
There was a different concept of approaching nature - which gives the right to endless pandering over it. Some current scholars call the founder of this approach Friedrich Engels, who emphasized that over the creation of creatures that only benefit from external nature, “... people... are determined to serve their for all purposes, panova over her.” At the same time, Engels explains the idea of ​​pandering over nature as follows: “... all of our pandering over it lies in the fact that we, on the basis of other principles, instead of recognizing their laws and correctly establishing them.” Who believes in the great scientific value of the theory and the humanism of F. Engels as a thinker.
At this time, for the protection of Dovkill, environmental legislation is being dismantled in this region, which is part of the international law and legal protection of nature in the middle of the country, which replaces the legal basis for saving natural resources and sulfur. treasures of life. The Organization of the United Nations (UN) in the Declaration of the Conference on the Most Middle and Development (Rio de Janeiro, 1992) legally enshrined two basic principles of the legal approach to nature conservation.
The powers should introduce effective legislation in the field of human protection. Norms, the lifting of the hunting of the hobby, the Zavdannya I priority, the Visuvayu, the guilty of the real situation in the gallows of the hunting of the Social Social, in the yaki stroke, will be realized.
The power is obliged to develop national legislation that ensures the protection of the environment and the inclusion of other environmental problems and compensation for those who have suffered as a result.
In various historical periods of development of our region, the system of environmental management and control bodies apparently was once a form of organization for the protection of excessive natural resources. If the nutrition and protection of the natural environment depended on the optimal use of natural resources, management and control were carried out by an independent organization.
Such natural objects, such as water and wind, were found in many departments at the same time. In this case, as a rule, the functions of monitoring the natural environment were combined with the functions of exploitation and exploitation of natural objects. It turned out that the ministry and department in the name of the state controlled itself. The central coordinating body, which will unite environmental protection activities, will be on a daily basis.
Decisions on environmental tasks at this stage may be implemented as part of the activities of special government agencies and the entire government. The method of such activity is the rational utilization of natural resources, the reduction of polluted environment, the ecological development and restoration of the entire vastness of the region.
Legal protection of the excess natural environment depends on the created, established and established normative acts, which define both the objects of protection and their protection. This is the basis of environmental law, which regulates the relationship between nature and marriage.

1.3 Environmental legislation

The protection of wood and the rational recovery of natural resources is a complex and complex problem. The decisions are related to the regulation of mutual relations between people and nature, the ordering of their legal system, instructions and rules. In our country, such a system has been installed according to the legislative order.
Legal protection of nature is the totality of the state’s legal regulations and results from the implementation of legal provisions, investments in the implementation of conservation of natural resources, rational recovery of natural resources, and improvement of human health. everyday life for the present and future generations. This is a system of sovereign approaches, enshrined in the law and directly aimed at saving, updating and brightening the minds necessary for people’s lives and the development of material production.
The system of legal protection of nature in Kazakhstan includes four groups of legal approaches.
Legal regulation of activities is aimed at the development, conservation and renewal of natural resources.
Organization of personnel recruitment and training, financing and logistical support of environmental protection activities.
Sovereign and enormous control over the Vikonanny could protect nature.
Legal credentials of offenders.
Apparently, before environmental legislation, the object of legal protection is the natural environment - the objective that is the basic human attitude and, regardless of its evidence, reality, which serves as a place of living, thinking and for by itself.
Є great quantity to lay down the law, the initial legal regulation of environmental protection zones. The totality of environmental and legal acts, united by the complexity of the object, objects, principles and purposes of legal protection, in Kazakhstan establishes environmental (ecological) legislation.
The principles of environmental law recognize legal acts that constitute legal norms that regulate legal notices. They receive laws, decrees, regulations, regulations ministries and departments, laws and regulations.

Visnovok

The main method of protecting the superfluous middle is to establish harmony between the development of humanity and the friendly state of the superfluous middle.
The achievements of this goal, in a theoretical aspect, rely on low-level nutrition, such as:

    the extent to which changes in the bones of Dovkill, which occur under the influx of development of humanity, threaten the physical well-being of humanity itself;
    How can people escape the present ecological crisis;
    What needs to be done to overcome the problem of protecting the unnecessary environment, to guarantee the right of people to a friendly environment? Nature does not recognize sovereign and administrative cordons, and many powers alone cannot avoid the environmental crisis and the date of significant results in this galus. The complexity of these processes is dictated by the trends and principles of the protection of excess media.
The intensive exploitation of natural resources has created the need for a new type of environmental protection activity - the rational recovery of natural resources, where conservation can be included before the very process of government activity from the recovery of natural resources. .
The protection of the superfluous natural environment is a new form of interaction between people and nature, popularized in modern minds, it is a system of sovereign and huge approaches (technological, economic, administrative-legal, environmental, international), direct focused on the harmonious mutual cooperation of nature, conservation and creation of living, ecological resources and natural resources in the name of living and future generations.
At the current, current stage of development of the problem of protecting the excessive natural environment, a new concept is emerging - environmental safety, which means the protection of the natural environment and the vital environmental interests of people, first and foremost rights to the friendly Dovkilla.
Irrational environmental management ultimately leads to an ecological crisis, and environmentally balanced environmental management creates a change of mind to get out of it.
The ecological crisis is not an inevitable and natural result of scientific and technological progress; it is caused both in our country and in other countries by a complex of reasons of an objective and subjective nature, among which there will be no It borrows more quickly, and often the hut is set up to nature, lacking fundamental environmental laws.

List of references

    Alisov N.V., Khoreyev V.S. Economic and social geography (advanced course): Pidruchnik.-M., 2000.-704 p.
    Gilyarov A.M. Population ecology. M., 2005.
    "Company". The use of environmental information in the strategy of environmental management and the interaction of commodity producers on the market, side. 33-37. Aliev K.M., Dohodyan Z.R. Cherven 1999 rock.
    Economic geography and regional studies: Chief Pos_bnik- M., 2002.-160 p.
    Economic Geography: Academic and Pre-Vidkovy Handbook - 5th edition - M., 2001. - 672 p.
    "Economy". Environmental problems as an element of industrial policy, p. 20-22. Fadiev A.A. Spring 1999 rock.
    "Expert". Addressing environmental problems to achieve economic goals in international agriculture, p. 17-24. Areeva A.M., Nosov L.S. Traven 1999 roku.
    http://les5125.narod2.ru/ printsipi_ohrani_ okruzhayuschei_sredi/
    http://www.twirpx.com/files/ecology/refs/
    http://www.bankreferatov.kz/ ru/ecologiya/54-oskemen.html
etc...................

PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENT (a. environment protection; n. Umweltschutz; f. protection de l'environnement; i. proteccion de ambiente) - a set of approaches to optimize or preserve the natural environment. The method of protecting the excessive middle is the antidote to negative changes in it, as in the past, they appear at once and wait for it.

Zagalnye Vidomosti. The cause of unpleasant phenomena in the middle-class may be natural officials (especially natural disasters). However, the urgency of burying the unnecessary middle ground that has turned into global problem, is tied up with the deterioration of the excessive middle mass as a result of the anthropogenic influx, which is actively growing. This is due to the demographic boom, which is accelerated by urbanization and the development of urban developments and communication, the obstruction of the middle world with various exits (also), supernatural interests in the world, natural and forest lands (especially in countries that are developing). Based on the assessment of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), by the year 2000 the population on Earth will reach 6.0-6.1 billion people, 51% of which are urban dwellers. When the number of places with populations of 1-32 million people reaches 439, urbanized territories will occupy over 100 million hectares. Urbanization leads to the obstruction of surface and ground waters, the depletion of flora and fauna, soils and soils. As a result of the development and improvement of urban areas, tens of billions of tons of soil will move, and on a large scale there will be a significant change in soil. A number of underground spores are growing, which are associated with the species of bark copalina (div.).

The increasing scale of energy generation is one of the main factors of anthropogenic invasion of the environment. Human activity disrupts the energy balance of nature. In 1984, the production of primary energy accumulated 10.3 billion tons of coal waste from coal (30.3%), naphtha (39.3%), natural gas (19.7%), and hydroelectric power plants (6.8%) , AES (3.9%). In addition, 1.7 billion tons of intellectual fuel was wasted for a rack of firewood, wood wugill and organic inputs (mainly in countries that are developing). Until 2000, there will be an increase in energy generation by 60% compared to 1980.

In areas of the earth with a high concentration of population and industry, the scale of energy generation has become moderate with a radiative balance, which significantly contributes to changes in microclimate parameters. Large energy expenditures in the territories occupied by places, hydraulic and industrial enterprises and communications lead to significant changes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere and geological environment.

One of the most pressing environmental problems associated with the intensification of the technogenic environment in nature is related to the atmospheric wind. Vaughn includes low aspects. First of all, protecting the ozone layer is necessary due to the growing pollution of the atmosphere with freons, nitrogen oxides and others. Until the middle of the 21st century. This could cause a decrease in stratospheric ozone by 15%. Over the course of the last 30 years (until 1986), a trend of decreasing ozone concentration in the atmosphere over Antarctica in the spring was revealed. Such information is obtained for the polar region of the Arctic Ocean. The most obvious reason for the frequent collapse of the ozone layer is the increasing concentration of organochlorine compounds due to anthropogenic influence in the Earth’s atmosphere. In other words, an increase in the concentration of CO 2, which is mainly due to the salivation of the vicinity, which increases, desilting, depletion of the humus ball and soil degradation (Fig. 1).

Since the end of the 18th century, approximately 540 billion tons of anthropogenic CO2 have accumulated in the Earth’s atmosphere, over 200 years, instead of CO2 in the world, it increased from 280 to 350 years/million. Until the middle of the 21st century. A sub-war concentration of gas occurs in a small area in front of the HTP cob. As a result of the combined action of CO 2 and other “greenhouse” gases (CH 4, N 2 O, freon) until the 30s of the 21st century (and according to some forecasts, earlier) there may be an increase average temperature the earth's globe will increase by 3±1.5°C, and the maximum warming will occur near the polar zones, and the minimum near the equator. There will be an increase in the fluidity of the ice sheets and the rising level of the ocean by 0.5 cm/rik. An increase in the concentration of CO 2 leads to an increase in the productivity of land plants, as well as to a weakening of transpiration, which can lead to a significant change in the nature of water exchange on land. Thirdly, acidic fallout (rain, hail, snow, fog, dew with a pH less than 5.6, as well as dry aerosol precipitation and sulfur) have become essential components of the atmosphere. Stinks occur in the regions of Europe, in Northern America, and also in the largest agglomerations in Latin America. Main reason acid residues - release of liquid waste and nitrogen into the atmosphere when sputtering combustion waste in stationary installations and transport engines. Acid litter ruins buildings, monuments and metal structures; cause digression and death of forests, reduce the yield of many agricultural crops, degrade the soils, which cause an acid reaction, and the growth of aquatic ecosystems. An acidified atmosphere has a negative impact on people's health. Zagalne zabrudnennya The atmosphere has reached significant proportions: the river saw the saw into the atmosphere in the 80s. estimated at 83 million tons, NO 2 - 27 million tons, SO 2 - over 220 million tons (Fig. 2, Fig. 3).

The problem of depletion of water resources is caused by the increase in water consumption by industry, rural and communal governments, on the one hand, and water impoundments on the other. It’s a shame that people live near 3,800 km3 of water in the middle, the rural government has 2,450, industry has 1,100, and municipal consumption has 250 km 3 . Sea water is growing rapidly (there are still 2% of the sea water intake). Polluted water bodies on land (especially in the regions Western Europe And the Northern America) and the waters of the Light Ocean have reached an unsafe level. Lost to the ocean (million tons): 0.2-0.5 organic chemicals; 0.1 - organochlorine pesticides; 5-11 - naphtha and other carbohydrates; 10 - chemical goodness; 6 - phosphorescent stripes; 0.004 - mercury; 0.2 - lead; 0.0005 - cadmium; 0.38 - mid; 0.44 - manganese; 0.37 - zinc; 1000 - solid waste; 6.5-50 - solid smite; 6.4 - plastic. Whatever the outcome, the most unsafe for the ocean naphtha obstruction does not change (behind some forecasts there is an increase in the growth rate of oil production, vicinity of naphtha and naphtha products). In the Northern Atlantic, naphtha melt occupies 2-3% of the surface area. The most polluted with naphtha is the Pivnichnya and the Caribbean Sea, the Persian Inlet, as well as the plots located in Africa and America, where they are transported by tanker fleet. Unsafe dimensions have arisen due to bacterial contamination of the coastal waters of several densely populated regions, near the Mediterranean Sea. As a result of water contamination by industrial wastewater and waste, a number of regions in the world are experiencing a shortage of gas. fresh water. Water resources are also exposed indirectly - when forests are cut down, forests are drained, lake levels are reduced as a result of water inflows, etc. regions, the water problem has become increasingly international in nature.

One of the main environmental problems is related to the depletion of land resources. Anthropogenic invasion on rural and forested lands in the energy distribution is significantly less, lower on the ground under places, communications and urban developments, which is the reason for the main waste of flora, fauna and ground cover of the land. Lord's activity People on productive lands are experiencing changes in topography, changes in reserves, and obstruction of surface and groundwater. In the world, over 120 million tons of mineral fertilizers and over 5 million tons of organic chemicals are applied to soils. Out of 1.47 billion hectares of orchards, 220 million hectares are destroyed, including at least 1 salinization. Over the course of history, as a result of accelerated erosion and other negative processes, humanity has lost approximately 2 billion hectares of productive agricultural land. In territories with an arid, semi-arid and semi-arid climate, as well as on productive lands in areas with a hyper-arid climate, the problem of land resources is associated with desertification (Pustel's division). The devastation extends to an area of ​​4.5 billion hectares, which is home to approximately 850 million people, and is rapidly developing (up to 5-7 million hectares per river) in the tropical regions of Africa, Western Asia and Western America, as well as in the subtropics of Mexico . . During the Great Skoda, the rural lands of Spodar are beginning to experience accelerated erosion, which is accompanied by tropical storms, characteristic of countries with a tropical, steadily and changeably wet climate.

An increase in the area of ​​land that is being transferred from the rural district of Spodarsk, for the development of roads, settlements and industrial (first of all, soil-shoeing) enterprises, is driving the trend of snowfall, which is likely to occur mainly in the trails in the eastern zone, in areas of tropical rainforests, ecosystems of which should be integrated from 0.5 to 3 million species of organisms, being the largest collection of the Earth's genetic fund. A significant role is played by deforestation and industrial logging. The lack of reserves of firewood in rich regions that are developing, as well as the high prices for it, meant that nearly 80% of the wood that is prepared here is spent on firewood. The rate of deforestation is 6-20 million hectares on the river. The worst deforestation occurs in Western America, similar and similar to Western Asia and Western Africa. During 1960-80, the area of ​​wet-tropical forests changed by half, and of all forests in the tropical zone by less than 1/3.

An important problem for humanity is the protection of the geological environment, that is. the upper part of the lithosphere, which is perceived as a richly component dynamic system, which, under the influx of engineering and state activity of people, and, in its own way, the singing world, initially this activity. The most important component of the geological medium is Girsky rocks, which combine with solid mineral and organic components of gas, underground water, as well as the organisms that “inhabit”. In addition, the geological environment includes various objects created between the human lithosphere and which are seen as anthropogenic geological creations. All these components – warehouses of a single natural-technical system – are in close interaction and indicate its dynamics.

In the formed structure and power of the geological environment, the processes of interaction between geospheres play an essential role. The anthropogenic influx increases the development of natural-anthropogenic and new (anthropogenic) geological processes, which lead to natural changes in the structure and power of the geological environment.

According to UNESCO estimates, by 2000 the production of the most important brown copalins will reach 30 billion tons, by which time another 24 million hectares of land will be destroyed, and the number of solid wastes per unit mass of finished products will increase by 2 times. ї. The size of the transport and communication network will be doubled. The population size of the water is approximately 6000 km3 on the river. The area of ​​forest lands will decrease (by 10-12%), and the area of ​​forest will increase by 10-20% (versus 1980).

Historical drawing. The need for harmony between marriage and nature was pointed out by their ancestors K. Marx, F. Engels and V. I. Lenin. Marx, for example, wrote: “Human projects, which do not respect the great laws of nature, bring only little trouble” (Marx K., Engels F., Soch., T. 31, p. 210). This phrase was especially emphasized in V. I.’s notes. Lenin, who supported the power to “replace the forces of nature” human pride, they seemed to burn, as awkwardly as it is impossible to replace an arshin with pounds. Both in industry and in agriculture, people can only benefit from the forces of nature, as they have learned its action, and relieve themselves of the cost of using machines, equipment, etc. "(Lenin St. I., PSS, vol. 5, p. 103).

In Russia, great approaches to the protection of the excessive middle ground were carried out by the decrees of Peter I. The Moscow Partnership of Nature Explorers (founded in 1805), the Russian Geographical Partnership (founded in 1845) and others. Statistics were published that undermined the environmental protection plan. In 1864, the American teachings of J. P. Marsh wrote about the relevance of conservation in the middle age in the book “People and Nature.” The ideas of protecting the natural environment on the international level were propagated by the Swiss teachings of P. B. Sarazin, who was initiated in 1913. Bernie (Switzerland) called upon the international public for the protection of nature.

In the 30's rocks. 20 centuries of Radyansky views, looking at the global scale of the anthropogenic influx on the natural environment, came to the conclusion that “the sovereign and industrial activity of people, in its scale and significance, was comparable to the processes of nature itself... Lyudina geokh “It transforms the light” (Fersman A. E., Izbr., pratsi, vol. 3, p. 716). The evolution of the natural environment made an invaluable contribution to the global evolution of the environment. Having revealed the trajectories of the three modern geospheres, they formulated, perhaps, the main law of geological development: a single mechanism of the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere speech is alive The earth "has the most important function, without which it cannot exist." Tim himself V.I. Vernadsky actually established that the biotic “supercomponent” of the natural medium has control functions, because The subtle “swim of life” on the planet concentrates and simultaneously dissipates from it great quantities of productive energy. The principles of the past immediately lead to a definitive strategy for the protection of the natural environment: the management of the natural environment, and its vital resources, may be prompted to the extent that living speech is organized and transformed by it. , then. it is necessary to protect the spacious organization of the biosphere. Knowledge of the most important law allows us to call the most important criterion for the development of the natural environment the stage of reduction of planetary life by humans. Pointing to the transformation of the biosphere, which has begun, into the noosphere, Vernadsky emphasized the spontaneous nature of the many changes in the natural environment, provoked by people.

The main concern for the increasing problems of protecting the excessive natural environment came after the Second World War of 1939-45. Vernadsky's ideas about the living speech - the biosphere-noosphere and Fersman's about technogenesis have been widely developed in the work of rich Radyansky and other foreign scholars (A. P. Vinogradov, E. M. Sergeev, V. A. Kovda, Yu. A. Israel, A. I. Perelman, M. A. Glazovska, F. Ya. Shipunov, P. Duveno and in). There has been a growing international community of people focused on environmental problems. In 1948, scientific biologists created the International Conservation Union (IUCN), in 1961 - the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Born in 1969 Extensive interdisciplinary research is carried out by a specially created Scientific Committee on Environmental Problems (SCOPE). Much work is being carried out under the umbrella of the United Nations, with the initiative of which the steadily functioning United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) was created in 1972. Within the framework of the UN, environmental issues include: World Meteorological Organization (BMO), World Health Organization (WHO), International Maritime Organization (IMO), International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA), International Commission for More Middle Development and Development (MKOCP ) and in. UNESCO operates or participates in a number of programs, chief among them: “Human and Biosphere” (MAB), International Hydrological Program (IHP) and International program with geological correlation (GGC). The Organization of Economic Development and Development (OECD), the European Economic Cooperation (EEC), the Organization of American Powers (OAD), and the Arab Food League pay great attention to the problems of protecting natural resources. enlightenment, culture and science (ALECSO).

The protection of terrestrial flora and fauna is regulated by a large number of international conventions and regulations. Within the framework of the MAB, since 1981, a Northern Scientific Network has been created, which unites scientific research of the ancient countries (including the CCCP) in three priority areas: ecological intelligence and land reclamation in the sub-zone. arctic birch forests; biosphere reserves in subpolar and polar regions; the practice of land cultivation and growing creatures in the tundra and forest Taiza. By the method of protecting natural splendors, genetic diversity and of several types The plan for biosphere reserves was divided, praised in 1984 by the International Coordination Council of the MAB program. Work on biosphere reserves is carried out in 62 countries under the auspices of UNESCO, UNEP and IUCN. Through initiatives of UNESCO, UNEP, FAO and IUCN, the area where the most valuable tracts of tropical rainforests are protected is being expanded. Saving approximately 10% of the area of ​​unoccupied forests in an undamaged area can ensure the protection of at least 50% of species of organisms. In countries that are developing, in order to reduce the cost of commercial logging in unoccupied forests, the planting of forests is increasing, Zagalna Square of which there are only a few million hectares. The area of ​​plantations of export agricultural crops is increasing, which reduces the use of forest resources for wood sales to the light market.

Protection of the geological environment. The main types of protection of the geological environment: protection of mineral and energy resources; protection of groundwater; protection of massifs of mountainous rocks as a source of natural underground resources and creation of artificial underground reservoirs and accommodation; protection and restoration of natural and anthropogenic soils as a platform for the placement of terrestrial spores and storage natural-technical systems; forecast and fight against natural disasters. The goals of protecting the geological environment as the core of unprecedented bark copals: ensuring scientifically-based, rational recovery of natural mineral and energy resources, the greatest technically possible and economically feasible. the full extent of their extraction from complex vicoristics and species of mineral oil at all stages of processing; Rational use of mineral salt in the economy and disposal of production waste, which includes unnecessary waste of mineral salt and burning. The increased efficiency of protecting the geological environment is accompanied by the increasing scale of desiccation of alternative methods of maintaining minerals (for example, the form of bark copaline from sea water), the replacement of natural materials with synthetic ones. n.

Go to the protection of groundwater directly to stop the penetration of weak (and suddenly obstructed) rivers at the horizon of groundwater and their further distribution. The protection of groundwater includes: the development of technical and process inputs, direct from rich liquid water in the technological cycle, disposal of outputs, development of effective methods for purification and waste disposal of outputs, storage preventing the penetration of wastewater from the surface of the Earth into underground water, changing industrial waste, reclamation of contaminated soils; continued development of the exploration of groundwater sources, design, maintenance and operation of water-supply spores; development of water protection outlets; keruvannya by the water-salt regime of groundwater.

Before preventive visits, the following must be carried out: systematic monitoring of the level of groundwater contamination; assessment of the scale and forecasts of obstruction change; carefully lining the location of the designed great industrial or agricultural facility in order to ensure that its negative influx into the middle ground and underground water is minimal; possession and maintenance of sanitary protection zones for water intake; assessment of the inflow of the projected facility into underground water and water supply; improving the protection of groundwater for the lined placement of industrial and other facilities, water intake vessels and planning water conservation inlets; the vision and appearance of the actual and potential reservoirs of groundwater impoundment; Elimination of unused and ineffective drills, transferring to the crane mode of drills that self-correct. The most important type of these inputs is the creation of specialized measures of guard boreholes at large industrial facilities and centralized water intakes to control the flow of groundwater.

Protection of the unnecessary middle- a system of inputs from the happy and carefree minds of a child and the life of a person. The most important officials of Dovkill are atmospheric air, air, water, soil. Protection of the unnecessary middle promotes conservation and renewal of natural resources in order to prevent direct and indirect negative effects of human activity on nature and human health.

In the minds of scientific and technological progress and the intensification of industrial production of the problem bury the unnecessary middle became one of the most important foreign-power missions, most of which are inextricably linked with the protection of people's health. Over the course of many fates, the process of eliminating Dovkill was reversed, because They stuck only to the borders of plots, other areas and were of a global nature, so effective approaches were practically not accepted. In the last 20-30 years, irreversible changes in the natural environment or unsafe phenomena began to appear in various regions of the Earth. The connection with the mass congestion of dowkill nutrition yogo protection from regional, domestic powers has grown to an international, extra-planetary problem. All the apologetic powers meant protection of the unnecessary middle one of the most important aspects of mankind’s struggle for survival.

Leading industrial countries have generated a number of key organizational and scientific and technological advances bury the unnecessary middle. Stinks lie ahead: a significant assessment of the main chemical, physical and biological factors that negatively affect the health and productivity of the population, with the aim of developing the necessary strategies to reduce the negative role of these factors iv; assessment of the potential influx of toxic substances that impede the death of the population, in order to establish the necessary criteria for the health risk of the population; dissatisfaction effective programs Preventing possible potential accidents and events to reduce the unnecessary consequences of accidents in the wider environment. In addition, it is especially important in bury the unnecessary middle There is an established level of unsafe contamination in the excessive middle part of the gene pool from the point of view of the carcinogenicity of certain toxic substances that are found in industrial wastes and outlets. To assess the level of risk of mass illnesses caused by everyday life, systematic epidemiological investigations are necessary.

With the highest nutrition associated with the funeral of a superfluous middle, it follows that people from the very beginning and throughout their entire lives are susceptible to the influx of various factors (contact with chemical substances in everyday life, at birth, ingestion of lips, absorption in the body dietary supplements that can be included in grub products, that in.). An additional influx of wasteful speeches that come from too much of the middle, coupled with industrial outputs, can negatively affect people’s health.

Among the biological, physical, chemical and radioactive species, one of the first places is occupied by chemical reactions. We see over 5 million chemical compounds, including over 60 thousand. stays at a regular place of worship. The light requirement for the production of chemical compounds increases for the skin 10 times 2 1/2 times. The most dangerous is the presence in the environment of organochlorine semi-pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic carbohydrates, important metals, asbestos.

Let's find the approach bury the unnecessary middle These results include the development and implementation of waste-free and low-cost technological processes, as well as waste-free outputs and their processing for secondary recovery. Inshim respectful directlybury the unnecessary middle This means changing the approach to the principles of placement of various selections, replacing the most unstable and stable ones with less unstable and less stable ones. Interaction of various industries and social-g. objects are becoming more and more present, and social and economical costs in the event of accidents caused by various enterprises can shift the benefits associated with the proximity of the supply base or transport means news. In order for the given placement of objects to be optimally determined, it is necessary to combine fachivts of different profiles, who can predict the adverse influx of various factors, and use mathematical modeling methods. Often, in connection with meteorological minds, territories far away from the middle jelly of unprofitable crops become clouded.

In rich countries since the late 70s. the center showed up bury the unnecessary middle, which integrate light evidence, which explores the role of previously unknown factors that affect the environment and health of the population.

The most important role of the current planned government policy in Galuzia bury the unnecessary middle follow the science of hygiene (div. Hygiene). In our country, research on this galusa is carried out over 70 institutions (hygienic institutes, departments of municipal hygiene of medical institutes, institutes of advanced medicine). The main issue from the problem of “Scientific plant hygiene of Dovkill” is the underground and communal hygiene of them. O.M. Sisina.

The scientific basis for regulating unpleasant factors in the environment has been expanded and standards have been established for hundreds of chemical substances in the working area, in water, in the atmosphere of the population of towns, cities, and grubs. their products; acceptable levels of low physical factors have been established - noise, vibration, electromagnetic vibration (div. Hygiene standards), methods and criteria for monitoring dowkill bones for various microbiological indicators have been established. Research is ongoing into the development of a combined and complex infusion of waste products, the development of innovative and rapid methods for their normalization.

Bibliogr.: Hygiene of Dovkill, ed. m.I. Sidorenko, M., 1985; Sidorenko m.I. and Mozhaev E.A. Sanitary camp for health and population health, M., 1987.

The protection of too much environment is one of these obstructed light problems, the most of which will require a comprehensive and widespread solution, promoting a set of effective approaches for the renewal of natural resources, eliminating the obstruction of the light ocean and the atmosphere. o. More than one hundred people have thoughtlessly wasted natural resources, and today the hour has come when we realize that the planet’s reserves are not endless and require not only rational recovery, but also renewal.

The main officials, according to ecologists, are the provocative depletion of the ozone layer of the atmosphere and leading to the “greenhouse effect”, the release of waste water from the oceans of the world, which is the cause of the death of its inhabitants, an increase in liabilities And the outputs of the production process are not decomposed. The incident at the naphtha production company “BP”, which called for help, showed how necessary a larger scale of protection is for the naftogaz complex. And even in this sector of the industry, any accident will lead to greedy inheritances, the kind of which nature cannot resist.

Today's avoidance of too much middling is one of the the most important food, which is the prevailing order in most parts of the world. More gentle technologies are being explored for the extraction and removal of orchards, to disintegrate waste complexes for further disposal or re-stagnation, to explore the possibility of reducing the quantity and concentration of waste vegetables. When entering the atmosphere, safe sources of energy and more environmentally friendly types of fire are released.

The most unfavorable ecological situation is reflected not only in natural

resources, and on the health of people: the average quality of life of people is decreasing, the number of people with developmental pathologies or congenital illnesses is increasing, the number of infertile couples and cancer patients is increasing. Such boring statistics themselves became the reason for the development of a complex of approaches aimed at changing the flow situation.

Protecting Russia from remaining fate has become one of the priority areas domestic policy powers. It promotes the development and promotion of new, safe technologies for vibrancy, including the renewal of natural resources (new forest plantings and the replacement of fellings, updating the number of bags with water, rational vigorification, re-vicorization not a different kind of cheese). With these changes, the number of environmental protection zones, national parks and nature reserves increases.

The State Committee for Nature Protection regulates and controls the development of natural resources. This is a direct consequence of the development of normative norms, rules and regulations. Only our extreme norms of environmental law are included in the basic law of the state - the Constitution. In addition, in order to properly utilize resources in various regions, the Law on Nadra, as well as the Water, Forest and Land Codes, was divided. Despite the fact that a large number of environmental agencies have no regard for their problems, there is still a lack of apologies in our country. And it’s not so under-examined sovereign power How much power does a skinned person face to the world in which he lives?

MINISTRY OF PROFESSIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

KEMERI STATE UNIVERSITY

REPORT

“The reality is the direct protection of the superfluous natural middle ground...”

Vikonav:

St. gr. SP-981

Verified:

Kemerovo - 99

1. The essence and direct protection of the excessive natural substance

§ 2. Objects and principles of protection of unnecessary natural resources

2. Engineering protection of excessive natural resources

§ 2. See the principles of robotic cleaning equipment and sporud

3. Regulatory and legal basis for the protection of surplus natural resources

§ 1. System of standards and regulations

§ 2. Law on nature

IN THE EXCELLENT NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

§ 1. SEEN THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE EXCESSIVE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND DIRECTLY THE PROTECTION

The diverse influences of humans in natural processes in the biosphere can be grouped under the following types of obstructions, meaning under them there are some anthropogenic changes that are undesirable for ecosystems:

The ingredient (the ingredient is the storage part of a folding shelf or mix) is complicated as a combination of substances, some or all distinctly distant from natural biogeocenoses;

Parametric obstruction (the Dowkill parameter is one of its powers, for example, the level of noise, brightness, radiation, etc.), with the change of specific Dowkill parameters;

Biocenotic contamination, which influences the flow into the warehouse and the structure of the population of living organisms;

Stationary-destructive obstruction (station is a place of residence of a population, destruction is ruination), which means a change in landscapes and ecological systems in the process of environmental restoration.

territory, the adoption of legal acts to interpose the trade of wild creatures, etc. Such enormity was praised by the biocenotic and often stationary-destructive influx into the biosphere. The ingredient and parametric obstruction, of course, was the same, since it was not possible to establish clean spores in enterprises. But it was so varied and massed, as now there are few hand-made pieces that lend themselves to natural layout, and nature dealt with it on its own. So, in rivers with an intact biocenosis and normal speed flows that are not aggravated by hydraulic fluids, under the influence of the processes of mixing, oxidation, sedimentation, claying and decomposition of decomposers, disinfection and industrial processes, etc. The ponded water completely renewed its power over a length of 30 km. There is confusion in the air.

Of course, in the past we were careful about the middle of the degradation of nature on the outskirts of the most polluted vegetation. However, until the middle of the 20th century. The pace of the ingredient and parametric congestion has grown and its clear warehouse is changing rapidly, so that in significant areas the existence of nature is up to self-purification, then the natural destruction of the condensation as a result of natural physical, chemical important and biological processes were spent.

Nina lacks self-purification from such deep and long rivers as the Ob, Yenisei, Lena and Amur. What can we say about the richly suffering Volga, the natural fluidity of the flow, which has been reduced many times by hydraulic structures, and the Tom River (Zakhidny Siberia), all the water of which industrial enterprises must be taken away for their own needs and lower back the obstructed at least 3 - 4 times before How far is it from the cob to the throat?

permanently collecting from the fields the dried parts of the grown shoots.

§ 2. OBJECTS AND PRINCIPLES OF PROTECTION OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS

In order to protect the entire environment, it is important to understand the totality of international, national and regional legal acts, instructions and standards that will bring illegal legal provisions to the attention of every individual and ensure that this result is achieved. The influence of the Vikonans was strong, and specific environmental approaches were taken into account.

Only because all these warehouses correspond to one another, and at the same pace of development, so that they form into a single system for the protection of excessive natural resources, can be built up for success.

Since the end of the protection of nature due to the negative influx of people was not immediately accepted, now more and more often there is a concern for the protection of people due to the influx of the natural environment, which has changed. These grievances are integrated into the term “protection of the superfluous (human) natural environment.”

Legal protection, which formulates scientific environmental principles in the form of legal laws binding on the Viconn;

Engineering protection, which develops environmental and resource-saving technologies and equipment.

Compliant with the law Russian Federation“About the protection of the excessive natural environment” the following objects promote protection:

Natural ecological systems; ozone ball of atmosphere;

Earth, its subsurface, surface and underground water, atmospheric air, foxes and other vegetation, creaturely light, microorganisms, genetic fund, natural landscapes

The state's natural reserves, nature reserves, national natural parks, natural monuments, rare species of plants and creatures that are under threat of extinction, and their places of residence are especially protected.

The basic principles of the protection of unused natural resources are to blame:

The priority is to ensure the safety of friendly ecological minds of life, the protection of the population;

Scientific support for the environmental and economic interests of the husbandry;

Encouragement of the laws of nature and the possibilities of self-renewal and self-purification of resources;

Population rights community organizations for the time being, reliable information about the state of excessive mediation and the negative impact on it and on the health of people in various viral objects;

The inconsistency of the damage caused by environmental legislation.

2. ENGINEERING PROTECTION OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

§ 1. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISE

The global power is committed to preserving standard specimens of unoccupied nature and preserving the diversity of species on Earth, organizing scientific research, training environmental scientists and education of the population, as well as the activities of other enterprises for the purification of waste water and gases, lowering the standards for the extraction of natural resources, etc. etc. Such activities are carried out largely using engineering methods.

I will thoroughly emphasize the need for wasteful speech in the biosphere. Moreover, the shortening of the level of congestion of one component in the excess middle leads to an increase in congestion of another.

And, for example, the installation of wet filters during gas purification reduces the rate of water contamination, but leads to even greater water contamination. Catches from gases that flow out and the stormy waters of the river often open up significant areas of land.

The elimination of clear spores, which are most effective, sharply reduces the rate of obstruction in the excessive middle, but the problem does not arise again, fragments in the process of functioning of these installations also vibrate in come, albeit in less communication, but, as a rule, from an increased concentration of awkward speeches. Unfortunately, the work of a large purification system requires significant energy expenditures, which, in its turn, is also dangerously harmful.

In addition, it is difficult to understand how great costs will be incurred, and speeches on which money has already been spent and how, with a rare culprit, it would be possible to become victorious in the people’s dominion.

To achieve high environmental and economical results, it is necessary to combine the process of purification of waste waste with the process of recycling captured waste, which makes it possible to combine the first directly with the other.

Another direct approach is to elucidate the very causes of obstruction, which will require the development of low-income, and in the long term hopeless, production technologies that would allow for the comprehensive recovery of waste products and the utilization of maximum resources that are wasteful for the biosphere.

However, not all industries have found suitable technical and economic solutions to sharply reduce the number of outputs that are created and their utilization, so at this time it is necessary to deal with both directions kah.

In order to carry out a thorough engineering protection of the excessive natural environment, it is necessary to remember that no pure disputes or hopeless technologies can restore the stability of the biosphere if the permissible (threshold) limits are exceeded ) the significance of the shortening of natural systems, not created by humans, in which the law of indisplaceability manifests itself biosphere.

Such a threshold could be the reduction of 1% of the energy of the biosphere and the deep transformation of 10% of natural territories (the rules of one and ten hundred thousand). Therefore, technical advances do not eliminate the need to address the problems of changing priorities. suspinal development, stabilization of the population, creation of a sufficient number of protected territories and others discussed earlier.

§ 2. VIEWS AND PRINCIPLES OF ROBOTIC CLEANING INSTALLATIONS AND SPORDS

There are a lot of current technological processes associated with the crushing and detailing of materials and the transportation of solid materials. With which part of the material goes from saws, which is harmful to health and causes significant material harm to the people's rule due to the loss of valuable products.

To cleanse, stool different designs apartments Depending on the method of catching the saw, they are divided into mechanical (dry and wet) and electrical gas purification devices. In dry devices (cyclones, filters) there is gravitational sedimentation under the action of gravity, sedimentation under the action of centric force, inertial sedimentation, filtration. In wet devices (scrubbery), it is not possible to wash off the gas that has been consumed with liquid. In electric filters, sedimentation on the electrode occurs as a result of the particles being subjected to an electrical charge. The choice of devices depends on the size of the saw particles, moisture content, liquidity and volume of gas needed for purification, the required purification stage.

To purify gases from waste gas-like houses, two groups of methods are used – non-catalytic and catalytic. The methods of the first group are based on the removed house from a gas-like mixture with the help of rare (absorbers) and solid (adsorbers) clays. The methods of another group are based on the fact that poor houses enter into a chemical reaction and are converted into unexpected substances on the surface of catalysts. An even more complex and step-by-step process is wastewater purification (Fig. 18).

Wastewater is the name given to water used by industrial and municipal enterprises and the population for purification of various houses. It is important to separate the treated wastewater into waste water, atmospheric water (sludge that drains after rainfall from the territory of enterprises) and industry. All ingredients contain different proportions of mineral and organic matter.

Waste water from the house is purified using mechanical, chemical, physico-chemical, biological and thermal methods, which, in their turn, are recuperative and destructive. Recuperation methods transfer recovery from wastewater and further processing of valuable waste. With destructive methods of speech, the water becomes cloudy, leading to a path of oxidation or renewal. Ruin products are removed from water in the form of gases or debris.

Mechanical purification is used to remove solid, non-fragile particles, vicorous methods and filtration with the help of slag, sand, and detergents. Chemical purification methods are used to remove waste houses using various reagents that enter into chemical reactions with waste houses, resulting in the creation of low-toxic substances. Physico-chemical methods include flotation, ion exchange, adsorption, crystallization, deodorization, etc. Biological methods are considered the main ones for the disposal of wastewater from organic houses, which are oxidized by microorganisms, which transfer sufficient acidity to the water. These aerobic processes can occur both in natural reservoirs - in grain fields during filtration, and in piecemeal spores - aerotanks and biofilters.

obstruction of groundwater). Designated methods are used in local (shop), factory, district and municipal purification systems.

After draining and other devices release water from mineral chambers, microorganisms that reside in the so-called active fluid “create” organic impurities, so the purification process requires going through many steps iv. However, after this stage the purification level does not exceed 95%, so that the obstruction of the water pools is not removed. In addition, any plant discharges its waste water through the sewer system, which has not undergone previous physical or chemical purification of any kind crazy speeches on workshop and factory spores, then the microorganisms in the active mule will die and it may take several months for the active mule to germinate. OMG, the drains of this locality Over the course of time they will become polluted with water and organic pollutants, which can lead to eutrophication.

kg per river per capita. It involves the organization of collections, processing of waste into compost with further derivatives such as organic matter and biological fuel (biogas), as well as burning in special factories. Specially owned names, the number of which amount to millions in the world, are called polygons and even foldable ones. engineers Particular attention is paid to the preservation of toxic or radioactive wastes.

3. REGULATORY AND LEGAL BASIS OF PROTECTION

IN THE EXCELLENT NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

One of the most important components of environmental legislation is the system of environmental standards. This is a scientifically grounded development of the necessary intellectual and practical implementation of the laws that are accepted, since the same standards are responsible for the orientation of the embattled enterprises in their environmental protection. ій activity. Failure to comply with standards entails legal compliance.

Standardization implies the establishment of a single system of control and support for all objects of this level. Standards can be sovereign (GOST), Galuzevi (OST), or factory. The system of standards for nature protection has been assigned number 17, which includes a number of groups corresponding to the objects that are protected. For example, 17. 1 means “Nature protection. Hydrosphere”, and group 17.2 – “Nature protection. Atmosphere”, etc. This standard regulates various aspects of the activities of enterprises from the protection of water and wind resources, even down to the equipment for monitoring water flow and water.

GDK is hardened for the skin in a safe and effective manner throughout the entire region.

It remains to be confirmed that the updated GDK does not guarantee the preservation of the sapiness of the middle to reach the highest level, although we would like to infuse many words into the perspective and, when interacting, one of the other weak variations.

On the basis of the GDK, scientific and technical standards for the maximum permissible discharges (MAV) of waste streams into the atmosphere and discharges (MPD) near the water basin are broken down. These standards are established individually for each genital obstruction with such a disorder, so that the cumulative influx of all the genital kernels in that area does not lead to the relocation of the GDC.

Because the intensity and tension of the labor force changes with the development of productive forces in the region, it is necessary to periodically review the MPE and MPE standards. Vib_bіlsh effective options Environmental activities at enterprises may be subject to the need to comply with these standards.

Unfortunately, in this hour there are a lot of enterprises due to technical and economic reasons It is not possible to comply with these standards immediately. The closure of such an enterprise or the sharp weakening of its economic position as a result of fines will not soon be possible due to economic and social reasons.

In other words, for a normal life, people need to eat, get dressed, listen to a tape recorder and watch movies and TV shows, the production of spit and electricity for those who are very “brute.” I'm sorry, it is necessary to give a job a job for its specialty in order of life. It is better to reconstruct the ecological sense of business so that the stench stops causing harm to too much of the environment, and we will now be able to see cats again, which may not be skin-related, but rather environmentally friendly. Ownership and the reconstruction process itself are very expensive.

Therefore, such enterprises may be subject to the establishment of time standards, so called VSV (time-useful Wikiids), which allow for a shift above the norm of obstruction in the excessive middle by stretching the singing term sufficient to carry out the necessary to reduce the and ideas for environmental protection.

In addition, it is important to determine the size of the payment for the obstruction of the labor force when establishing the standards themselves - MDV, PDS and only VSV.

Previously, it was already stated that the country would ensure the rationalization of environmental management, including the protection of excessive natural resources through the creation of environmental legislation and control over its development.

Environmental legislation is a system of laws and other legal acts (decrees, decrees, instructions) that regulate environmental resources in order to save and create natural resources, rationalize environmental protection hygiene, protecting the health of the population.

To ensure the possibility of practical implementation of the adopted laws, it is important that they are immediately reinforced by the by-laws adopted on their basis, which are precisely meant and clarified according to the specific minds of Galusia and the region. , to whom, what and how to work, to whom and in what form to speak, Any environmental norms, standards and rules must be followed.

Thus, the law “On the Protection of the Excessive Natural Environment” establishes a secret scheme for achieving the interests of the partnership and other environmentalists through limits, payments, tax benefits, and specific parameters appear to have exact values ​​standards, rates, payments are specified in the decrees of the Ministry of Natural Resources, galouze instructions and etc.

The objects of environmental legislation include the natural environment, and its surrounding natural systems (for example, Lake Baikal) and elements (water, etc.), and international law.

In our country, in the first place in secular practice, the protection and rational recovery of natural resources is included in the Constitution. There are approximately two hundred legal documents involved in environmental studies. One of the most important is the comprehensive law “On the protection of excess natural resources”, praised in 1991.

It is important to say that every citizen has the right to protect their health from the unpleasant influx of polluted and excessively natural environment, to participate in environmental affairs and the huge upheavals and to obtain current information about the environment of excessively natural environment. looking for that come in shodo yogo zakhistu.

Nowadays, every citizen of the world wants to take part in the protection of the superfluous natural environment, promote the level of their knowledge about nature, ecological culture, and comply with the requirements of environmental legislation and the establishment of standards for the preservation of the superfluous natural environment. As soon as they are broken, then the responsibility is divided into criminal, administrative, disciplinary and material.

In cases of the most serious damage, for example, when a forest is burned, one may be subject to criminal punishment with the appearance of loss of freedom, the imposition of large penny fines, and confiscation of the mine.

More often than not, administrative compliance is discussed regarding the imposition of fines on certain individuals and on businesses as a whole. This is due to episodes of pestilence and depletion of natural objects, deterioration of the natural environment, unprecedented efforts to renovate damaged wood, poaching, etc.

that lack of compliance with environmental standards.

In addition, payment of the fine does not eliminate the material civil-legal aspect, so that the need to address the impediment or irrational waste of natural resources in Skoda to a great commonness, to the health of the masses, to the people's dominion.

various objects, which demonstrates the economical mechanism for the protection of excess fluid, voices the principles of international spivorism in this area.

It should be noted that environmental legislation, although it wants to be broad and varied, is still not very effective in practice. There are many reasons for this, and one of the most important is the uneven severity of the punishment, the severity of the crime, due to the low rates of fines that are imposed. For example, for a gardener, the price is three times to twenty times the minimum monthly wage (do not confuse with the actual salary that the worker receives, which always means money). These twenty minimum wages often do not exceed one or two real monthly salaries for these townspeople, so you have to talk about the workers of enterprises and branches. For cross-border residents, the fine does not exceed ten times the minimum wage.

Criminal intelligence and enforcement of traffic jams will be established much earlier, as required. It’s impossible to get rid of him, because he often reaches out to rich millions of rubles, and in life he doesn’t succumb to the penny waste.

poaching, which does not exceed thousands of times on the river, which is incomparably less than the actual number of crimes. However, in recent years there has been a tendency for these numbers to increase.

Another reason for the weak regulatory action of environmental legislation is the lack of security for businesses by technical means for the effective purification of wastewater and contaminated gases, and for inspection organizations - devices to control the congestion of excessive media.

I think that of great importance is the low ecological culture of the population, their ignorance of the main environmental benefits, the lenient attitude towards the destroyers of nature, as well as the lack of knowledge and skills necessary for the effective assertion of their right to the health of the child. , voted by the law. It is now necessary to develop a legal mechanism for the protection of people’s environmental rights, so that by-laws that specify this part of the law, and turn the flow of money into the press and other administrative authorities into a flow of calls for court authorities If a person's skin, whose health has suffered as a result of the unprofitable losses of any business, is to apply for financial assistance to the work of raising money, having estimated their health to be worth a large sum, the business is simply economical It will be difficult to continue terminally until the congestion decreases.

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