Test 20. Basics of selection, selection of microorganisms. Test from biology “Selection. Biotechnology. How heterotic hybrids reproduce in animals
Test on the topic: “Selection”.
Option 1.
1. Scientific and practical activity of people is necessary to improve the old and develop new varieties and strains of microorganisms.
a) genetics; b) evolution; c) selection.
2. How should the form of a piece selection be used in the selection of animals?
a) massovium; b) individual.
3. What hybridization is responsible for inbred depression?
a) closely related; b) not controversial.
4. Is it possible to increase inbreeding?
a) possession of heterotic hybrids; b) obsession with pure lines;
c) strengthening of dominance signs.
5. What is the effect of heterosis?
a) decreased vitality and productivity;
b) increased vitality and productivity;
c) increased fertility.
6. How is the effect of heterosis preserved with further propagation of hybrids?
a) yes; b) no; c) inodes.
7. What organisms have polyploidy?
a) roslini; b) creatures; c) microbes.
8. The totality of cultivated plants of one species, which are individually created by humans and are characterized by recession-resistant characteristics of their productivity.
a) breed; b) gatunok; c) strain.
9. The discovery of living organisms and biological processes in vegetation.
10. Changing the genotype by introducing the gene of one organism into the genome of another organism.
a) biotechnology; b) genetic engineering; c) cloning.
Test on the topic: “Selection”
Option #3.
What are the ways to multiply power in creatures?
What are the ways to multiply power in the world?
a) state, b) stateless, c) vegetative.
What forms of piece selection should be used in the selection of animals?
a) massovium; b) individual.
What kind of phenomenon is inbred depression to blame for?
a) closely related; b) undisputed.
For what purposes is a closely related structure created?
a) strengthening of life force; b) strengthening of dominance signs; c) removing a clean line.
What causes heterosis?
a) increased productivity of the hybrid; b) increasing the fertility of the hybrid,
c) obsession with a new breed or variety.
How do heterotic hybrids of roses reproduce?
How do heterotic hybrids reproduce in animals?
a) vegetatively; b) statevim shlyakh; c) do not reproduce.
What organisms are susceptible to polyploidy?
a) roslini; b) creatures; c) people.
Why is there a mentor method in the selection of creatures?
a) so, b) neither.
Test on the topic: “Selection”
Option No. 4.
Fatherland is rich in bulbous plants, including potatoes, in the center...
A. Pivdennoaziatskiy B. American tropical.
B. Mediterranean. R. Central American.
The use of biotechnology methods in selection allows...
A. Speed up the propagation of the new rod. B. Create a hybrid of plants and creatures.
B. Speed up the reproduction of new breeds. G. Reveal decline in illness in people.
The method of seeing offspring from the middle of rural cultures and breeding offspring from them is called...
A. Masovim selection. B. Interline hybridization.
B. By remote hybridization. D. Individual selection.
Breeding robots work with microorganisms...
A. Closely diluted. B. Methods of obsession with heterosis.
B. Added to hybridization. D. Experimental obsession with mutations.
There are nearly 90 species of cultivated plants, including corn,
walk around from the center...
A. Skhidnoaziatsky. V. Central American.
B. Pivdennoasiansky G. Abyssinian tropical.
Fertilitylessness of interspecific plant hybrids
pay for help...
A. Heterosis. B. Individual selection.
B. Mass selection. G. Polyploidies.
There is no vikorism in breeding robots with plants...
A. Added to hybridization. B. Masovyj vidbir.
B. Testing of seedlings for offspring. R. Individual benefit.
Breeding robots do not interfere with animals...
A. Sporidnene skhreschuvannya. B. Polyploidy.
B. Interlinear hybridization. G. Uncontroversial creation.
The individual transfer of necessary genes from one type of living organisms to another species, often far removed from its origins, comes down to methods...
A. Cellular engineering. B. Chromosomal engineering.
B. Remote hybridization. G. Genetic engineering.
The first stage of selection of animals is.
A. Nesvidomy good. B. Hybridization.
B. Domestication. G. Methodical access.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Test
Option 1.
A1. The science of developing new varieties of plants, species of animals and strains of microorganisms:
a) cytology b) genetics c) selection d) microbiology
A2. Choose something that will create the center of cultural growth:
a) N.I. Vavilov b) G. D. Karpechenko. c) I. V. Michurin d) C. Darwin
A 3. What is the name of the phenomenon of “hybrid power”?
a) mutagenesis; b) heterosis; c) inbreeding; d) outbreeding.
A 4. What type of selection is used in the selection of over-watered plants?
a) individual b) mass c) unknown d) natural
A 5. Closely similar preparations should be carried out for:
a) increased living standards; b) separation of heterozygous organisms.
c) drawing clean lines; d) increase in power among hybrids.
A 6. Outbreeding
a) mass selection of species b) cross-breeding of individuals of different breeds
c) gathering of close relatives; d) interbreeding of different species.
A 7. Method based on the transfer of genes from one organism to another:
a) cell engineering b) genetic engineering c) cloning d) chromosomal engineering
Part B. Choose three correct answers out of six.
IN 1. Select methods such as vicoristic chromosomal engineering.
1) polyploidy methods
2) growth of crop cultures in the living medium
3) method of substituted lines
4) method of additional lines
5) cloning
AT 2. Establish similarities between cultures and centers of their migration
Chastina S. Fill in the missing words in the text:
The cabbage-radish hybrid was once removed by the scientist_____________. When it appeared__________, fragments of chromosome and radish were difficult to conjugate. The effectiveness of gamete creation was updated by the _________ method
Test on the topic “Basics of selection”.
Option 2.
Part A. Choose one correct answer from 4 answers.
A1. A group of roses was created individually by people, with the splendid signs of the ruler:
a) breed b) variety c) strain d) population
A 2. Choose something that will reduce the sterility of distant hybrids.
a) N.I. Vavilov b) Ivanov c) I. V. Michurin d) G. D. Karpechenko.
A 3. Heterosis is avoided when:
a) remote hybridization; b) intersecting different clean lines.
c) grown different varieties; d) piece sealed
A 4. Infertility of interspecific hybrids requires help:
a) heterosis b) inbreeding c) distant hybridization d) polyploidy
A 5. Inbreeding -
a) Closely related fusion b) Undisputed fusion
c) crossing of different canopies, species d) retention of mutations
A 6. What type of selection should be used in the selection of self-weeding plants?
a) non-public b) mass c) piece d) individual
A 7. Client engineering is based on:
a) possession of genetically modified organisms
b) proliferation of cells in the vein middle
c) proliferation of the nuclei of somatic cells in the egg cell
d) multiple increase in the number of chromosomes
Part B. Select the three correct types from the given ones.
IN 1. Select methods that suit you I. V. Michurin.
1) selection method 3) piece mutagenesis
2) mentor method 5) hybridization
4) polyploidy
2. Establish consistency between methods and selection directions:
Part C. Insert the missing words from the text, vikorist and little ones.
"Buckwheat"
Organisms that have a multiple increase in the number of chromosomes are called _________. This phenomenon can be removed with additional dew scrub __________. The growths are torn away _______________ life.
Instructions from Vikonannya robots.
For vikonannya robots you need 20 hwilin. The work consists of 3 parts, which include 10 tasks.
Part A includes the 7th task. Before the skin test, 4 options are given, one of which is correct.
Partially complete task 2 with a choice of several correct answers.
Partially place 1 task by inserting the required words into the text.
For correct assignment of part A, you will receive 1 point.
The correct execution of a part is assessed with two points.
Order with a strong flared up part of the C is assessed from zero to three points. For correct confirmation that all necessary elements (3) are included, the one who starts will deduct 3 points. 2 points - 2 correct answers, 1 point - 1 answer and 0 points - the entry is entered incorrectly.
Evaluation criteria:
Evaluation system for option No. 1
Part A
| № zavdannya | Vіdpovid |
Part B
| № zavdannya | Vіdpovid |
Part C
H 1. Insert the required words into the text.
The cabbage-radish hybrid was once removed by the scientist_____________. When it appeared__________, fragments of chromosome and radish were difficult to conjugate. The effectiveness of gamete creation was updated by the _________ method
Part A
For correct skin – 1 point. If two or more answers are indicated (including the correct one), an incorrect answer or one day - 0 points.
| № zavdannya | Vіdpovid |
Part B
For the correct Vikonannya, 2 points are given. If the answer has only one strike, then the one who starts is deducted one point. For an incorrect answer or a answer that would result in 2 or more rewards, 0 points are given.
| № zavdannya | Vіdpovid |
Part C
H 1. Fill in the missing words from the text. About Organisms that have a multiple increase in the number of chromosomes are called _________. This phenomenon can be removed with additional dew scrub __________. The growths are torn away _______________ life.
Vikoristovuvani dzherela.
1. Biology. Zagalna biology. 10-11th grade Basic rhubarb. Sivoglazov V.I. ta in. 2013.
2. Lesson plans. Biology 10th grade. To the assistant Belyaev. Part 2. Vidavnitstvo "Vchitel", 2006.
3. Kirilenko A. A. Thematic tasks for preparation before EDI. Vydavnitstvo: Legion, 2014.
Test on the topic:
Option 4.
1. Scientific and practical activity of people is necessary to improve the old and develop new varieties and strains of microorganisms.
a) genetics; b) evolution; c) selection.
a) decreased vitality and productivity;
b) increased vitality and productivity;
c) increased fertility.
a) yes; b) no; c) inodes.
a) breed; b) gatunok; c) strain.
a) biotechnology; b) genetic engineering; c) cloning
A. selection of roslins
B. in the rural dominion
B. Selection of bacteria
G. selection of mushrooms
D. in the food industry
E. in light industry
Finish the phrases:
1. The main destructive force in the creation of new breeds of creatures and varieties of plants, aligned with the interests of people –…….
Test on the topic: “Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology.”
Test 1-2 levels. Control type: continuous. Viconnian hour: 15th century Evaluation criteria: “5” – 14 points.
“4” – 13 points. “3” – 10-12 points.
Option #1.
Complete the task by selecting one correct input.
What are the ways to multiply power in creatures?
a) state, b) stateless, c) vegetative.
What are the ways to multiply power in the world?
a) state, b) stateless, c) vegetative. d) vernacular species
How to form a piece selectionV,selection of animals?
a) massovium; b) individual.
What kind of phenomenon is inbred depression to blame for?
a) closely related; b) undisputed.
For what purposes is a closely related structure created?
a) strengthening of life force; b) strengthening of dominance signs; c) removing a clean line.
What causes heterosis?
a) increased productivity of the hybrid; b) increasing the fertility of the hybrid,
c) obsession with a new breed or variety.
How do heterotic hybrids of roses reproduce?
How do heterotic hybrids reproduce in animals?
a) vegetatively; b) statevim shlyakh; c) do not reproduce.
What organisms are susceptible to polyploidy?
a) roslini; b) creatures; c) people.
Why is there a mentor method in the selection of creatures?
a) so, b) neither.
A. polyploidy
B. heterosis
B. hybridization removed
G. mutagenesis
D. mass vidbir
E. Individual selection
Finish the phrases:
Test on the topic: “Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology.”
Test 1-2 levels. Control type: continuous. Viconnian hour: 15th century Evaluation criteria: “5” – 14 points.
“4” – 13 points. “3” – 10-12 points.
Option No. 2
Complete the task by selecting one correct input.
Fatherland is rich in bulbous plants, including potatoes, in the center...
a) South Asian c) South American tropical.
b) Mediterranean. d) Central American.
The use of biotechnology methods in selection allows...
a) Speed up the propagation of the new rod. b) Create a hybrid of plants and creatures.
c) Speed up the reproduction of new breeds. d) Reveal decline in illness in people.
The method of seeing offspring from the middle of rural cultures and breeding offspring from them is called...
a) By mass selection. b) Interlinear hybridization.
c) Remote hybridization. d) individual selection.
Breeding robots work with microorganisms...
a) Closely diluted. b) Methods of obsession with heterosis.
c) Added by hybridization. d) Experimental obsession with mutations.
There are nearly 90 species of cultivated plants, including corn,
walk around from the center...
a) Skhidnoaziatsky. V). Central American.
b) Pidno-Asian d) Abyssinian tropical.
Fertilitylessness of interspecific plant hybrids
pay for help...
A). Heterosis. c) individual selection.
b) mass selection. d) polyploidy.
There is no vikorism in breeding robots with plants...
a) Added to hybridization. b) Mass selection. c) Testing of breeders for offspring. d) Individual benefit.
Breeding robots do not interfere with animals...
a) Comparative structure. b) Polyploidy. c) Interlinear hybridization. d) Uncontroversial creation.
Individual transfer of necessary genes from one species of living organisms to another species, often distantto your ownto walk, to get to the methods...
a) cell engineering. b) Chromosomal engineering. c) Remote hybridization. d) Genetic engineering.
The first stage of selection of animals is.
a) Unfamiliarity is good. b) hybridization. c) Domestication. d) Methodical acquisition.
A. a genius will be awakened
B. wake up to a group of geniuses
V. spinning clitini
R. spinning fabric
D. transferred genes
Finish the phrases:
1. The science of developing new groups of living organisms…….
Test on the topic: “Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology.”
Test 1-2 levels. Control type: continuous. Viconnian hour: 15th century Evaluation criteria: “5” – 14 points.
“4” – 13 points. “3” – 10-12 points.
Option No. 3
Complete the task by selecting one correct input.
1. Choose a more precise concept of “selection” as a science:
a) selection - selection of the most valuable varieties of plants and species of animals for people;
b) selection - a number of practical activities of people associated with the development of new varieties of plants and breeds of animals;
c) selection is the science of cultural varieties of plants and breeds of animals;
d) selection is a part of genetics that creates breeds of animals and varieties of plants.
2. The main factor in the domestication of Roslin and creatures is:
a) piece selection; b) natural wine
c) tamed d) unknown kindness
3. The law of homologous series of slumps has been created:
a) N.I.Vavilov b) T.Morgan c) I.V.Michurin d) S.S.Chetverikov
4. Knowing the law of homologous series of recessionary flow allows:
a) develop methods for acquiring new mutations;
b) transmit the appearance of song mutations in related species and canopies;
c) transfer the place where new forms of plants and animals appear;
d) create friendly minds for the growth and development of plants.
5. The main criterion for establishing sporidity between species is:
a) external similarity b) genetic similarity
c) underground centers and walking; d) the outer area is wider
6. The practical significance of N.I. Vavilov’s honor is with those who allowed him to:
a) develop methods for individual mutation acquisition;
b) purposefully breed new types of creatures;
c) domesticate new species of creatures;
d) earn everything before overinsurance
7. At this time, breeding for the development of new breeds and varieties is stagnant:
a) natural wine; b) unknown piece goods;
c) famous piece goods; d) all forms to select
8. Positive effects from the controversial structure can be attributed to:
a) the appearance of different genotypes in the offspring;
b) retention of different genotypes;
c) promotion of homozygosity of individuals with background powers;
d) eliminating the effect of heterosis in the first generation.
9. Roslinnitsa has a clean line - this is:
a) offspring descended from the successor of the cross-cutting;
b) the offspring of one self-propelled individual;
c) heterotic offspring; d) heterozygous offspring.
10. One of the effects that accompany the removal of clean lines is:
a) increased fertility of offspring; b) lack of offspring;
c) decreased living standards; d) improving the vitality of the body.
B 1. Choose 3 correct affirmations. These selection methods are being developed by breeders in plant breeding
A. polyploidy
B. heterosis
B. hybridization removed
G. mutagenesis
D. mass vidbir
E. Individual selection
Finish the phrases:
Test on the topic: “Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology.”
Test 1-2 levels. Control type: continuous. Viconnian hour: 15th century Evaluation criteria: “5” – 14 points.
“4” – 13 points. “3” – 10-12 points.
Option No. 5
Complete the task by selecting one correct input.
1. The type of reproduction that leads to an increase in the heterozygosity of the population, which is:
a) re-cutting; b) self-sawing;
c) vegetative propagation; d) parthenogenesis.
2. We create a large number of self-piping lines so that already in the first generation:
a) promote the livelihood of the growing population; b) eliminate the diversity of output forms for further work; c) promote heterozygosity of offspring; d) patch up the appearance of heterosis.
3. The phenomenon of heterosis fades away in subsequent generations and continues to move forward:
a) heterozygosity of the offspring; b) homozygosity of the offspring; c) polyploidy of the offspring; d) mutation process.
4. The advantage of polyploid forms lies in the fact that they stink:
a) homozygous for most of the necessary characters; b) more resistant to the infusion of the external medium; c) the most manual selection robot; d) with clean lines.
5. Triticale is a hybrid:
a) life and barley; b) wheat and grain; c) life and wheat; d) grain, wheat, grain.
6. The reason for the infertility of offspring produced by distant hybridization is:
a) the presence of chromosome conjugation in meiosis in hybrids; b) disruption of meiosis;
c) haploidity of the zygote, from which hybrids develop; d) all the reasons are named.
7. When a new breed of animals is developed, the main method of control is:
a) method of sampling for offspring; b) hybridization is removed; c) inbreeding (closely related crossbreeding)
8. Before individual mutagens:
a) X-ray examinations; b) antibiotics; c) antibodies; d) hormones.
9. Butt piece mutagenesis can buti:
a) an increase in the milk yield of cows due to the increase in mental health;
b) the development of a new variety of gladiolus by crossing different lines;
c) development of polyploid forms of potato under the addition of colchicine;
d) the emergence of heterozygous forms from the crossing of pure lines of maize.
10. Polyploidy is a mutation:
a) genomic; b) chromosomal; c) the gene is recessive; d) gene is dominant.
1. Select 3 correct settings for power supply. What does biotechnology do and where does it stand?
A. selection of roslins
B. in the rural dominion
B. Selection of bacteria
G. selection of mushrooms
D. in the food industry
E. in light industry
Finish the phrases:
1. A human-created collection of individuals of creatures of the same species, which is characterized by songful peculiarities -....
Test on the topic: “Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology.”
Test 1-2 levels. Control type: continuous. Viconnian hour: 15th century Evaluation criteria: “5” – 14 points.
“4” – 13 points. “3” – 10-12 points.
Option No. 6
Complete the task by selecting one correct input.
1. The value of the piece selection is:
a) direct impact on the population;
b) to select from the people;
c) select any important signs in life;
d) wine of a new breed or variety.
2. How should the form of a piece selection be used in the selection of animals?
a) massovium; b) individual.
3. What hybridization is responsible for inbred depression?
a) closely related; b) not controversial.
4. Is it possible to increase inbreeding?
a) possession of heterotic hybrids; b) obsession with pure lines;
c) strengthening of dominance signs.
5. What is the effect of heterosis?
a) decreased vitality and productivity; b) increased vitality and productivity; c) increased fertility.
6. How is the effect of heterosis preserved with further propagation of hybrids?
a) yes; b) no; c) inodes.
7. What organisms have polyploidy?
a) roslini; b) creatures; c) microbes.
8. The totality of cultivated plants of one species, which are individually created by humans and are characterized by recession-resistant characteristics of their productivity.
a) breed; b) gatunok; c) strain.
9. The discovery of living organisms and biological processes in vegetation.
a) biotechnology; b) genetic engineering; c) cloning.
10. Changing the genotype by introducing the gene of one organism into the genome of another organism.
a) biotechnology; b) genetic engineering; c) cloning.
B 1. Choose 3 correct affirmations. What is genetic engineering characterized by?
A. a genius will be awakened
B. wake up to a group of geniuses
V. spinning clitini
R. spinning fabric
D. transferred genes
E. culture culture grows
Finish the phrases:
1. A creature that has a large increase in the number of chromosomes in the genome is called...
Test on the topic: “Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology.”
Test 1-2 levels. Control type: continuous. Viconnian hour: 15th century Evaluation criteria: “5” – 14 points.
“4” – 13 points. “3” – 10-12 points.
Option No. 7
Complete the task by selecting one correct input.
1. The center of the hike of cultural growths M. I. Vavilov vvazhiv areas, de:
a) the greatest genetic diversity of this type of growth has been revealed b) the greatest density of germination of this species has been revealed c) the growth of this type of growth by humans has been greater than that of this species d) this type of growth is not true
2. A closely related concept is based on the method:
a) increased homozygosity of the sign b) increased vitality c) elimination of polyploid organisms d) This answer is not correct
3. Self-fertilization in cultivated plants in a number of generations leads to:
a) increased productivity b) decreased productivity c) increased fatigue
d) decreased sleepiness
4. The method of the mentor in the selection of roses follows the method:
a) prepared b) acclimatization c) strengthening of dominance signs d) true all types
5. Carriers of “foreign” genes in genetic engineering:
a) viruses b) plasmids c) bacteria d) viral species
6. Vchennya about the center of diversity and exploration of cultural growths
a) Ch. Darwin b) G. Mendel c) N.I. Vavilov d) I.V. Michurin
7. In the selection of self-propelled plants, it is mainly stagnant for
a) transfer of genes from hybrids to homozygous states; b) increased living standards in hybrids; c) transfer of genes from hybrids to heterozygous states; d) new recessionary signs appeared in hybrids.
8. In the selection of plants without interspecific hybrids, ask for help
a) self-generation b) polyploidy c) distant hybridization d) interline hybridization
9. Polyploidy is actively prevented by selection:
a) roslin b) creatures c) bacteria d) viruses
10. In the selection of microorganisms for the selection of highly productive races of bacteria and fungi, it is important to stagnate
a) closely related hybridization b) piece mutagenesis and selection c) selection and distant hybridization d) selection and interline hybridization
B 1. Choose 3 correct affirmations. These selection methods are being developed by breeders in plant breeding
A. polyploidy
B. heterosis
B. hybridization removed
G. mutagenesis
D. mass vidbir
E. Individual selection
Finish the phrases:
1. A human-created collection of individuals of creatures of the same species, which is characterized by songful peculiarities -....
Test on the topic: “Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology.”
Test 1-2 levels. Control type: continuous. Viconnian hour: 15th century Evaluation criteria: “5” – 14 points.
“4” – 13 points. “3” – 10-12 points.
Option No. 8
Complete the task by selecting one correct input.
1. The selection of plants has a lot of highly productive varieties of fruit trees and tea leaves
a) V.N.Remeslo b) N.I.Vavilov c) I.V.Michurin d) P.P.Luk’yanenko
2. In the selection of animals, hybridization is mainly carried out for
a) elimination of sterility in interspecific hybrids b) reduction of sterility in interspecific hybrids c) increase in sterility in other breeds d) reduction of the effect of heterosis in sterile hybrids
3. Kavi center:
a) Mediterranean; b) Ethiopian (African); c) Central American;
d) Pivdennoamerican (Andean).
4. Batkivshchyna grapes, olive trees, flax are found in:
a) Western Asia; b) Central Asia; c) Mediterranean; d) Africa.
5. The European-Siberian march may:
a) wheat; b) tomato; c) Tyutyun; d) agrus.
6. Hybrid of wheat and wheat - triticale using the following method:
a) closely related intersection; b) piece mutagenesis;
c) remote hybridization; d) intervarietal crossbreeding.
7. A similar group of creatures that bear spud-like marks, government-significant signs, is called:
a) variety; b) view; c) strain; d) breed.
8. Biotechnology was founded:
a) by changing the genetic apparatus of cells; b) infusion of mutagen onto the body.
c) creation of piece models of klitin; d) cloning of cells.
9. Closely related creatures can be classified as:
a) mass selection b) individual selection c) polyploidy d) piece mutagenesis
10. Great breeder I.V. Michurin took up the following:
a) genus b) varieties c) mushrooms d) stamps
B 1. Choose 3 correct affirmations. What is genetic engineering characterized by?
A. a genius will be awakened
B. wake up to a group of geniuses
V. spinning clitini
R. spinning fabric
D. transferred genes
E. culture culture grows
Finish the phrases:
H 1. Human control of the process of culprit mutation, which is successfully established in the selection of plants and microorganisms……
Test on the topic:“Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology.”
Test 1-2 levels. Control type: continuous. Viconnian hour: 15th century Evaluation criteria: “5” – 14 points.
“4” – 13 points. “3” – 10-12 points.
Option No. 9
Complete the task by selecting one correct input.
1. The main selection methods are:
a) Piece mutagenesis and selection b) Hybridization and piece mutagenesis
c) Selection and hybridization d) Piece selection and mutagenesis
2. The centers of cultivation of cultivated plants, closely related to the areas of domestication of animals, were given the name:
a) Centers of mystification b) Centers of dissification c) Centers of domestication
d) Domestication Centers
3.An application of genomic diversity:
a) Albinism b) Color blindness c) Sickle cell anemia d) Polyploid form of potato
4. A breed or variety (pure line) is a population of organisms created individually by humans, which is characterized by:
a) Special gene pool, morphological, physiological characters, reaction norms; b) Singing kіlkіst, phenotype, attachment to the minds of the middle class
c) The song cycle of sleepiness, the norm of reaction, special morphological characteristics d) The song cycle of sleepiness and a set of morphological characters
5. First, we have gone a long way to the end of the infertility of interspecies hybrids:
a) N.I. Vavilova b) G.D. Karpechenko c) N.V. Tsitsina d) I.V. Michurina
6. As a result of polyploidy:
a) A clean line is preserved b) The vitality of hybrids is adjusted c) The fertility of interspecific hybrids is known d) The fertility of interspecific hybrids is reduced
7. Inbreeding in selection is carried out for:
a) Strengthening of hybrid powers b) Introduction of pure lines c) Increased fertility of offspring d) Increased heterozygosity of organisms
8. It is consistent with the law of homologous series N.I. Vavilova, genetically close canopies and species:
a) Characterized by a similar phenotype b) Resembling similar minds in life
c) Characterized by similar rows of slump d) Do not overlap one after another
9. Increased inbreeding:
a) Heterozygosity of the population b) Frequency of dominant mutations
c) Homozygosity of the population d) Frequency of recessive mutations
10. The method of introducing song genes into the bacterial cell to extract the programmed protein was called:
a) Biotechnology b) Genetic engineering c) Genetic technology d) Bioengineering
B 1. Choose 3 correct affirmations. Microorganisms contribute to commercial production:
a) Vitamins.
c) Mineral salts.
d) Kefira.
d) Medicines.
e) Hormones
Finish the phrases:
H 1. The process of creation of hybrids as a result of the combination of genetic material of state cells in one cell - ……………………………..
Key to test results from “Fundamentals of selection and biotechnology”.
| Department no. | Option No. 1 | Option No. 2 | Option No. 3 | Option No. 4 | Option No. 5 | Option No. 6 | Option No. 7 | Option No. 8 | Option No. 9 |
| selection | polyploidy | piece selection | polyploidy | mutagenesis |
MUNICIPAL BUDGET INVESTMENT INSTALLATION "MIDDLE ZAGALNOSVITNYA SCHOOL No. 1" LOOK AT THE TOPIC "SELECTION" (theoretical part) dough in the form ЄДІ ZAGALNA BIOLOGY 9 – 11 GRADES prepared reader of biology Andreeva Elvira Yurievna Norilsk – 2010 Test option No. 1 (topic "Selection") The test consists of 3 parts. A1. The combination of individuals of different species and canopies, which are selected for the creation of new forms, is called the method: A2. The following method is used in breeding to select new strains of microorganisms:
B 1. Select a number of correct affirmations. These selection methods are used by breeders in animal breeding. polyploidyB. heterosisB. Hybridization has been removed. mutagenesisD. mass selection. Individual selection 3 1. Give the flame a light at the onset of power. What is a clean line? Test option No. 2 (topic "Selection") The test consists of 3 parts. The first part is supplied under letter A. They must select at least one correct answer. Another part of the diet can be: or to select as many correct types as possible; task to establish types of positions between processes and objects, as well as a description of their powers and characteristics; Pre-designation of the sequence of biological phenomena and processes A1. Mass selection as a selection method, as opposed to individual selection:
B 1. Select a number of correct affirmations. What is genetic engineering characterized by? to become geniB. a group of geniuses will be awakened. whirling clitinG. fabrics are spinning. transferred genius. growing culture 3 1. Give the flame a light at the onset of power. How does heterosis become consolidated in a number of generations? Test option No. 3 (topic "Selection") The test consists of 3 parts. The first part is supplied under letter A. They must select at least one correct answer. Another part of the diet can be: or to select as many correct types as possible; task to establish types of positions between processes and objects, as well as a description of their powers and characteristics; Pre-designation of the sequence of biological phenomena and processes A1. The method, the essence of which lies in a multiple of the number of chromosomes in the cell that divides, is called the method:
A9. Zavdyaki vidkrityu N.I. In the Vavilov centers, the exchange of cultural growths in Russia created:
B 1. Select a number of correct affirmations. These selection methods are used by plant breeders in plant breeding. polyploidyB. heterosisB. Hybridization has been removed. mutagenesisD. mass selection. Individual selection 3 1. Give the flame a light at the time of feeding. Significance of N.I. Vavilov's law on homologous series in the recession Test option No. 4 (topic "Selection") The test consists of 3 parts. The first part is supplied under letter A. They must select at least one correct answer. Another part of the diet can be: or to select as many correct types as possible; task to establish types of positions between processes and objects, as well as a description of their powers and characteristics; Pre-designation of the sequence of biological phenomena and processes A1. The method for eliminating the infertility of interspecific hybrids has already been developed:
A6. The importance of cell engineering for breeding in the following:
A8. High life expectancy of first generation hybrids with further hybridization – this is:
1. Select the correct set of power supplies. What does biotechnology do and where does it stand? selection of RoslinB. in the rural dominion. selection of bacteriaG. selection of mushrooms. in the food industry. in light industry 3 1. Give the flame a light at the time of feeding. What is the essence of remote hybridization in plant breeding? Key to test results for selection. catering number Name the phenomenon that G.D. Karpechenko used to pick out the hybrids of radish and cabbage. mutations of several genes polyploidy Dominance management G.D. Karpechenko in 1924 inoculated a sterile hybrid of cabbage and radish with colchicine. Colchicine influences the non-dissociation of chromosomes in a hybrid during gametogenesis. The proliferation of diploid gametes led to the elimination polyploid hybrid of cabbage and radish (capredka). The experiment of G.D. Karpechenko can be illustrated with a step diagram. I. Before taking colchicine. II. After treatment with colchicine and individual chromosome subwarning: Name a protein that is one of the first to be isolated using genetic engineering methods. hemoglobin insulin fibrinogen One of the causes of diabetes is a deficiency in the body insulin- subcutaneous hormone. Injections of insulin, seen from the glands of pigs and great horned animals, are believed to be used by millions of people, but in some patients they lead to the development of allergic reactions. The optimal solution would be to reduce the supply of human insulin. Using genetic engineering methods, the insulin gene was created from the DNA of the coliform. The bacterium began to actively synthesize insulin. In 1982, insulin became the first pharmaceutical drug in humans, using additional methods of genetic engineering. insulin lies at a reduced concentration of glucose in the blood. Insulin increases the penetration of plasma membranes for glucose, activates the enzymes glycolysis, stimulates the creation of glycogen in the liver and meats, and enhances the synthesis of fats and proteins. In addition, insulin suppresses the activity of enzymes that break down glycogen and fats. Thus, insulin flows richly into metabolic processes in almost all tissues. A method used in the selection of vicorous plants to improve the diversity of the output material. intersection of distant forms mass selection Individual selection An important method of selection is hybridization ( shreshchuvannya). Hybridization removed It occurs in a range of different species. At Roslinnytsia, with the help of distant hybridization, a new grain crop was created - triticale, a hybrid of zhita with wheat. A classic example of separating interspecific hybrids from the creature is the mullah. A method, in addition to which microorganisms were used to remove and eliminate insulin, growth hormone, and interferon. genetic engineering Cellular engineering microbiological synthesis The main objects of biotechnology are microorganisms, which are likely to simply organize the genome, have a short life cycle, and there is a great diversity of physical and chemical properties. Here we are working in a new direction in biotechnology. genetic engineering. Based on the methods of genetic engineering, a pharmaceutical product has already been formed, which produces biologically active substances and drugs: insulin, interferon, enzymes and peptide hormones. The human gene, absorbed into the genome of bacteria, ensures the synthesis of the hormone ( growth hormone), injections of which are effective in cases of cured dwarfism and restore the growth of sick children to a normal level. Interferon– a dry protein that is produced by the cells of birds and birds when infected with their viruses. When a cell is infected, the virus begins to multiply. The client immediately begins to produce interferon, which leaves the client and comes into contact with the blood cells, making them resistant to the virus. Interferon does not have a direct antiviral effect, but causes changes in the body that occur, including the multiplication of the virus.Roslins have a variety, and bacteria have... colony Viglyad strain
In the current minds of the development of husbandry, the intensification of rural agricultural production is important, in order to extract the maximum amount of products for a minimum investment. With this method, highly productive breeds of animals and varieties of plants are created, resistant to the extreme minds of the middle-class, to illness and mischief, as the songs of the necessary scourge swell. A breed, a variety or a strain is a collection of individuals of one species, which is individually created by humans and is characterized by singing, weak powers. The undeniable combination is called. heterosis outbreeding inbreeding Outbreeding- an undeniable collection of plants and animals that can be traced to different species or varieties, to different varieties or breeds, to different species or canopies. Outbreeding transfers faulty mutations into a heterozygous state, thereby positively affecting the body. Outbreeding is often accompanied by heterosis. Most varieties and breeds have been separated as a result of multi-step and frequent crossing, as a result of a series of rocks. Multiples of the number are called chromosomes. heteroploidy polymerization and heterosis polyploidy
Polyploid plants have a wider reaction rate and, therefore, it is easier to reach the hostile minds of Dokkill. Polyploid forms are found in decorative flowers, for example, tulips, daffodils, gladioli, which grow even in large flowers. With intermediate hybridization, the life expectancy of hybrids increases, while the danger is avoided. heterosis polyploidy inbreeding Heterosis- The evidence of the ongoing development of first-generation hybrids, separated by crossing pure lines, one of which is homozygous for dominant genes, the other for recessive genes. This method is used for removing both hybrid animals (mules, horses, broiler chickens, bester fish) and tall hybrids (high-quality cucumbers, large-grain corn). In plants, when propagated in the spring, heterotic hybrids produce splitting; with vegetative - for several generations they retain their power. In polyploid forms of hybrids, heterosis is preserved even during plant propagation. The science that deals with the construction of new genetic structures is. transplantology biotechnology genetic engineering Genetic engineering– a piecemeal, direct change in the genotype of microorganisms through the control of cultures from afar by the authorities. The main method is the identification of necessary genes, their cloning and introduction into a new genetic medium. The method includes the following stages of work:
The theoretical basis of selection is. biochemistry genetics molecular biology Genetics– the science of recession and levity. These two powers are inextricably linked one with the other, wanting to maintain the same directness. The density transmits saving information, and the flow of this information changes. Slackness is the power of the body to repeat its signs and characteristics of its development across generations. Multivisibility is the power of organisms to change their signs due to the influx of the external and internal environment, as well as due to new genetic combinations that arise during state reproduction. The role of rainfall is that it “supplies” new genetic combinations that are amenable to natural selection, and rainfall preserves these combinations. What type of biotechnology is involved in the synthesis of grub protein? genetic engineering Cellular engineering microbiological synthesis Microbiological synthesis- Extraction of microbial mass rich in proteins. Microbial mass grows on the outputs of agricultural production (corn pumping, outputs of the beet industry), on the products of naphtha refining, on the outputs of wood, peat, thyrus, straw, ethyl and methyl alcohols. With just one ton of rare paraffins, naphtha, microorganisms convert close to tons of biomass.
How does biotechnology work in cloning? genetic engineering Cellular engineering microbiological synthesis Climatic engineering- A system of methods that allows the construction of new types of cells based on their cultivation, hybridization and reconstruction. During hybridization, individual cells are grown from the hybrid genome. As a result of cell reconstruction, a new living cell is created from adjacent fragments of different cells (nuclei, cytoplasm, etc.). With the help of cell engineering, it is possible to eat the genomes of even distant species (which may extend back to different kingdoms), as well as to produce a mixture of cooked and wild plants. Methods of cell engineering make it possible to introduce new genes into the cells of the embryo of animals and thus produce animals with new genetic powers.Tissue culture methods make it possible to isolate haploid growths from sawdust grains or egg cells. Such plants do not produce gametes, but treatment of these plants with colchicine makes it possible to isolate diploid fertile plants. Vegetative propagation on individual living centers allows you to endlessly propagate one plant from small patches of vegetative organs. This method of propagation is suitable for sheep, fruit and ornamental crops. Current methods make it possible to select not mature plants, which may be lost by other authorities, but plants, from which full-fledged plants will then grow. In such a manner Cellular engineering- This is directly related to science and breeding practice, which includes methods of hybridization of somatic cells that apply to different species, the possibility of cloning tissues or entire organisms from adjacent cells. One of the most widespread methods of plant selection is the haploid method - the selection of valuable haploid plants from sperm or eggs. Eliminate hybrid cells to increase the power of blood lymphocytes and plump cells that actively reproduce. This allows you to quickly remove antibodies in the required quantities. What kind of biotechnology industry is engaged in the creation of a piecemeal genome? genetic engineering Cellular engineering microbiological synthesis Stages of genetic engineering:
The construction of new genetic structures can be successfully implemented in two directions: 1) transplantation of natural genes from the DNA of bacteria and fungi; 2) the creation of specially created genes that carry the specified information. The genetic apparatus of a bacterial cell consists of one chromosome - a giant circular DNA molecule, which contains smaller circular DNA molecules - plasmids (resembling specific genes). These plasmids reproduce without special control of the main chromosome. With the development of special minds, one cell can produce thousands of copies of plasmid. DNA is “cut” with the help of restriction enzymes, then a foreign gene is “sewn in” and the free ends are “sewn” with the help of enzyme ligases. Once a recombinant plasmid DNA molecule is selected, it is introduced into a bacterial or yeast cell and a recombinant (chimeric) organism emerges, which can synthesize new speech. Same as with bacteria, using additional methods genetic engineering The sediment material of eukaryotes can also be changed. Such genetically altered organisms are called transgenic or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Nature has a bacterium that produces a toxin that kills many unwanted comas. The gene that is responsible for the synthesis of this toxin was found in the genome of bacteria and was found in the genome of cultivated plants. At this time, the best varieties of corn, rice, potatoes and other agricultural crops have already been produced. The growth of such transgenic plants, which do not require the use of pesticides, has great advantages, because, first of all, pesticides kill not only the poor, but the bark clods, but in another way, a lot of pesticides accumulate in too much of the environment and cause mutagenicity floating alive organisms. Share with friends or save for yourself:
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