Soldering iron: choice, preparation and perfection - see, options, schemes, nuances. Do-it-yourself soldering iron in home minds in a different way How to choose a soldering iron of 12 v

At 12 volts - a necessary tool for modern radio electronics for home use. With this help, you can quickly solder microcircuits, parts of a micro-earphone, a hand-held electronic device, and charge your phone. A lot of radioamatoriv vvazhayut electric soldering iron for better work with your own hands. Tsya robot for a penny and does not let you forget the high school course in physics.

Necessary materials and tools

For the preparation of a soldering iron, a lot of material is not needed, and you can easily know it at home. Tse midny drіt for the preparation of a non-intermediate soldering base, midna foil, tin tube (for casing) and nichrome drіt, handle (bazhano plastic), electrical cord for heat-resistant insulation, silicate glue, talc for electrical insulation ї masi.

It is important for others to know the medium foil. You can speed up with foil-coated sclotextolite. Yogo often zastosovuyt when preparing other schemes and boards. Since there are no such houses, you can go to the store and for 200 rubles get the necessary material. To take one sheet of copper foil, heat the sclotekstolite for additional extraordinary dust, spreading yoga on thin plates, pull the fold, wind it on a stick.

The main element is a transformer 220/12 volts, through which soldering iron we take energy from electric meters. Often vikoristovuyut TVK-11OL. Yogo can be known from old tube TVs.

Necessary such tools:

tweezers;
pliers;
wire cutters;
plates or boards for smearing with adhesive paste;
stove (electric or gas);
ganchir'ya.

Turn to hell

Steps for choosing a soldering iron

Midny drіt, which you pridbali, became the sting of a micro-soldering iron. Need less than 50 mm. Її it is necessary to sharpen at the double-edged kuta from one side and obov'yazkovo oblukati verge. Ready to change the tip in the middle of the heating element.

Another stage in the preparation of a micro-soldering iron will be the preparation of a special electrical insulating mass. For whom use talcum powder rіdke slo(Silicate glue). For the help of the dowel or tweezers, apply insulation to the cylindrical surface, periodically sipping talc, so that the mass does not stick to the hands.

Turn the middle foil around the tube with a length of about 35 mm. This will be the basis of the heating element. From one side of the z-pid tube you will see the tip of the soldering iron. Qiu tube needs to be covered with insulating mat, like in the first fall. Siru masu, yak ve zavdali, it is necessary to dry over the stove until it is completely caught. Now you can wind nichrome drіt on the ready base, making a spiral. Її the length can be changed to 350 mm. Lay the coils neatly and even close one to one, with which the upper and lower ends of the thread (30 to 60 mm) are covered like a visnovka. This design is once again covered with electrical insulation and dried over the stove.

Now the zavorotny dart must be pulled back, firmly pressed to the surface of the tube and repeat the application of the mask in the third place. Only the next heating element of the soldering iron can be used again, we cook it until it freezes.

Drіt, which acts as a heating element, is guilty of buti coating with an electrically insulating mass. With whom it is necessary to stock up on patience, and, as soon as you apply the mass, do not forget to overturn the quality of the victorious ones.

If the base is completely covered with insulation, you can proceed to the selection of a micro-soldering iron. Z'ednuemo kіntsі n_chrome heater with a handle. For this, through the internal plastic empty, an electric cord is stretched through the heat-resistant insulation. It is necessary to insulate the bare mass with the mass and dry it. After that, it is put on the heating of the cold iron casing and behind it with a handle. The micro-soldering iron is ready for soldering.

Turn to hell

Self-made soldering iron from a resistor

Radioamatori often vikoristovuyut neizvichenishi handicrafts for the preparation of various instruments. Simplicity, arrogance, clarity in robots is the axis technical characteristics micro-soldering iron, crushed with your own hands.

Like in the front version, for the preparation of a soldering iron, you need copper and steel darts and double-sided textolite.

The new elements will be a bag handle (for preparing the case) and an MLT-0.5 resistor, which can be opir 5-10 ohms.

Let's start with the preparation of the heating element. For the help of a scalpel or an emery paper, remove the farba from the resistor. For whom connect yoga to life. After the relay cleaning, remove one of the lower resistors, and remove the other one as a fixed element and a current conductor. At this part of the resistor, the leg was removed, it is necessary to drill a hole with a diameter of 1 mm to install the soldering iron tip. After that, open the hole with a drill of a larger diameter so that the tip of the soldering iron does not stick to the cup. For an additional file, it is necessary to spend one more drink round shape for fastening the current conductor to the clay 2/3 of the tovshchina.

Strumohid can be sprouted from springs, so it’s good to tinker, for example, it’s your fault to put on a cup.

The next stage is the preparation of payment for textolite. There is a wide part for soldering the current lead and heat distribution, the middle part - for the handle body, the vuzka - for fastening the wiring and the cambric.

After these operations, you can proceed to the selection. Strumohid from the spring should be put on the front cup. Current conductors are soldered to pay for textolіtu. Install the tip of the micro-soldering iron from the middling dart, putting it in front of the yoga in a piece of ceramic or mica, so that the strum was not accessible. Now, before the payment, soldered droti (bagzhano MGTF) is soldered. As an element of vitality of vicorist regulation BP1A, 0-15V. The micro-soldering iron is ready for soldering.

The technology of soldering with a self-contained micro-soldering iron does not differ from what you got in the store. For the help of a new one, you can wind up miniature soldering. Vіn is also smart and does not need great wisdom for picking.

Soldering iron 12 Volt- This is a low-voltage soldering iron, a heating element of some kind of protection for a working voltage of 12 volts. Soldering iron 12 Volt vicorist for connecting wires and parts of various kinds between each other by soldering.

The power of a low-voltage soldering iron of 12 volts is infinite, in a pair with a soldering iron for 220 V - the working voltage is small and, therefore, it is safe to work when working.
Soldering iron 12 Volt is widely used, for example, in radio engineering, when soldering radio elements to other boards. Yogo vikoristannya here pereshkodzhanyu sensitive to strum targeting radio components and radio components. Also, a 12 Volt soldering iron should be manually plugged into a car, for example, when wires are welded, shards in a normal state, the car battery is charged at 12.6 Volts. In order to use a 12 Volt soldering iron directly in the car, an adapter or an adapter is needed, which sound is inserted into the cigarette lighter. The very thing for which they are cored with special car soldering irons.

Features of soldering irons 30 W Rexant

Today, the main elements of the soldering iron undergo modernization with a method of improving their working characteristics. More and more often, ceramic haircuts are replaced by copper ones. This allows you to speed up the process of heating the vice attachment. Use and other different soldering tools: an induction soldering iron and a soldering iron with a pulsed supply of voltage, which differ in the method of heat transfer.

Soldering iron 12 Volt buy Today we don’t store great practice, the widest selection of these tools on the shelves of stores and online stores. You can choose a leather bazhayuchy for yourself an instrument to your liking. For example, soldering iron 12 volt Rexant or soldering station, I have my own set of the main unit, which allows you to regulate the temperature of the heating tip, and the soldering iron itself is electrically heated for 8 W.

And at the end, it is necessary to guess that in the process of soldering the parts, a soldering dim is seen. At the warehouse of this Dim there is a bet of lead and rosin, which will give an unfriendly infusion on human organism. Trivale inhalation of such dima can lead to allergic and asthmatic reactions, or the so-called "soldering" ailment. It is also not recommended to continuously engage in soldering for a good hour.

Choose a soldering iron with your own hands of home (and not only) mastrіv spur us on ahead of economical heating. A simple soldering iron for 220 V for the best soldering spikes works better, for sure, buy. However, yoga can be supplemented, without disassembly, in order to continue life. Ale "jaw" at 150-200 W, which can solder metal water pipes, the cost is not 4.25, but ten times more. And not radian rubles, but evergreen minds alone. The same problem is to blame, as it is necessary to solder the position of the availability of electric motors in the car 12 V or the intestinal lithium-ion battery. How to independently work a soldering iron on such a fall, and not less than on such, is seen in today's publication.

What is smd

Sub Micro Devises, superstructures. At first, you can use smd, open a mobile phone, smartphone, tablet or computer. For smd technology, small (perhaps, less than sirnik) components without ratty visnovki are mounted by soldering on contact maidanchiki, terminology smd ranks as polygons. The landfill can be equipped with a thermal barrier, which will help to spread heat along the paths of the other board. Here, there is not only a little trouble and not a little bit in the possibility of venting the roads - if heated, the piston can tear, which will stop the installation, which will lead to inapplicability.

The soldering iron for smd can be not only micro-powerful, up to 10 watts. The stock of heat in yoga pity is not guilty of overexposing the fact that you can see the detail that is being soldered. Ale dovge soldering over it with a cold soldering iron is still more unsafe: the solder does not melt, but the part warms up. And on the soldering mode, the temperature is exactly the same, and it’s more, than the tightness of the soldering iron is less. That's why soldering irons for smd are fixed either by the hour and / or by the value of the heat transfer during soldering, or in the operational, through the flow of the technological operation, regulation of the temperature of the tip. Moreover, it is necessary to trim її by 30-40 degrees higher for the melting temperature of the solder, literally up to 5-10 degrees; tse t. allowable temperature hysteresis of the tip. What else is important for the thermal inertia of the soldering iron itself, and the main task in constructing this is to get it for less than an hour in heat, marvels. far.

It is possible to build a soldering iron at home minds for any purpose. Incl. and strong for plumbing or plumbing, and exact min for smd.

Note: zagalі something in the soldering iron sting tse robocha part of yogo shear. Ale, the shards of the haircut are different, we will, for clarity, take the whole haircut with a sting. As a working part of the soldering iron is mounted on a shear, it is called a tip. It is acceptable that the tip is from a shearing chain sting.

The simplest

For the time being, we do not vdavatimosya at the folding. Let's say we need a special soldering iron for 220V without windings. Idemo choose and bachimo, the difference in prices is 10 and more times. Let's figure out why. First: heating, nichrome or ceramic. The rest (not “alternative”!) is practically eternal, but if you let the soldering iron on a firm basis, it can break apart. The tip of the soldering irons on the ceramics of the obov'yazkovo is unchangeable - after all, you need to buy a new one. And a nichrome heater, like a soldering iron, do not forget to turn it on for nothing, serve for over 10 years; in case of episodic koristuvannya - over 20. I can be rewound in extreme depression.

The price difference has now shrunk to 3-4 times, why is it on the right? Sorry. Nickel vane with midi and special additives are not very different with solder and even burn properly in the holder of a soldering iron, but it is expensive. Brass or bronze is hotter, and it is not possible to solder it smd - temperature hysteresis cannot be changed back to normal due to richly hot, lower at midi, thermal conductivity of the material. Chervonomedne sting and solder, and dry it up swollen with midi oxide, then it’s cheaper.

Note: the sting of the electrotechnical midi (wire of the winding rod) for the superior soldering iron is not attached - it burns easily. However, for smd the same sting is the same, its thermal conductivity is maximally possible, and thermal inertia and hysteresis are minimal. True, yoga often happens, but the sting of the sirnik is less.

With burns and swelling of the chervonomide sting, you can simply fight carefully: after finishing the work and letting the soldering iron cool, the sting is beaten, beaten in oxide, tapping on the edge of the table, and the channel of the soldering iron is blown through. We’ll solder more to the occasion: often feel the sting unhandedly and quickly practice.

It is possible to make a tip for a soldering iron made of splendid red midi in a wide range of sharpness to the point of molten solder, without sharpening the working tip, but piercing it to the required shape. Cold mid is forged with a great slyusarny hammer on the coddle of the floor bream. The author of this article has had a sting in the old Radyansk EPCN-25 forged for more than 20 years, although in the robotic soldering iron it’s not a day, it’s definitely a sting.

Simple іz resistor

Rozrahunok

The simplest soldering iron can be made from a wood resistor, which prepares a nichrome heater. Razrahuvat yogo is also awkward: when the nominal tension is increased, the resistors heat up to 210-250 degrees. From the heat output of the “darker” stinger, it was 1.5-2 times more likely to take advantage of the tension; the temperature of the vise at any time will not be lower than 300 degrees. You can raise up to 400, giving a 2.5-3-fold increase in pressure for tension, but then after 1-1.5 years, the robot will need to let the soldering iron cool down.

Razrakhovuyut necessary opir resistor for the formula: R \u003d (U ^ 2) / (kP), de:

R - Opir, what is joking;

U - working voltage;

P - necessary tightness;

k - more appointments coefficient of interest for tension.

For example, a required soldering iron for 220 V 100 W for soldering copper pipes. The heat transfer is large, so we take k = 3. 220 2 = 48400. kP = 3 * 100 = 300. R = 48400 / 300 = 161.3 ... Ohm. We take a resistor for 100 W 150 chi 180 Ohm, because "Drotivnikov" at 160 ohm is not used, its denomination from the row is 5% tolerance, and "drotyaniki" is not accurate for 10%.

Turnaround: what is the resistor for tension p, what tension can you use a soldering iron for? What kind of tension should be asked? Guess: P = U ^ 2/R. Beremo P = 2 p. U^2=PR. We take the value of the square root, we take the working voltage. Eg. є resistor 15 W 10 Ohm. The soldering iron output is up to 30 watts. We take the square root of 300 (30 W * 10 Ohm), we take 17 V. Weigh 12 V. Such a soldering iron is 14.4 W, you can solder with low-melting solder. Out 24 V. Out 24 V - 57.6 W. Overwhelming the potency may be 6 times, but if it is not long enough to solder it with a soldering iron, it is very possible.

preparation

How to make a soldering iron from a resistor is shown in fig. more:

Choose a suitable resistor (pos. 1, div is also far away).
Got the details sting that fastening to the new. Under the ring spring, a groove on the shear is selected with a needle file. Pіd bolt (gvint) and the tip to roble rіzbovі deafі open, pos. 2.
We choose a shearing with a tip at the sting, pos.3.
We fix the tip in the heating resistor with a bolt (screw) with a wide washer, pos. 4.
Strongly heated with a sting to a flexible handle, be it in a manual way, pos. 5-7. One mind: the temperature resistance of the handle is not lower than 140 degrees, up to this temperature the resistor wires can be heated.

Subtle and nuances

Descriptions of the soldering iron made of resistors for 5-20 W were robbed by a lot of people (including the author in the days of pioneer youth) and, having tried it, changed hands - it’s impossible to work it all out. Grieve unbearably for a long time, and solder only a tickle - a ball of ceramics envelops heat transfer from a nichrome spiral to a sting. To the very same, the heating of factory soldering irons is wound on mica mandrels - the thermal conductivity of mica is orders of magnitude greater. It’s a pity that it’s impossible to burn mica into a tube, it’s impossible, that winding nichrome 0.02-0.2 mm on the right is not for the skin.

Ale with soldering irons of 100 W (resistors of 35-50 W) on the right side. The thermal barrier of ceramics is thinner in some, left-handed in Fig. Yogo obsyag grows up behind a cube of roses. It is possible to solder a stick of mid pipes 1/2″ 200 W with a soldering iron from a resistor. Especially, as the sting is not a choice, but a whole forged one.

Note: drotyanі resistors are allowed for the intensity of rozsiyuvannya up to 160 watts.

Only for a soldering iron, you need to shukati resistors of old types PE or PEV (at the center in the figure, at the choice of dosi). The insulation is glazed over, you can see the light heat up to a light-red color without wasting authority, only getting darker. The ceramics are moderately pure. And the axis of the resistor C5-35V (right-handed in the figure) is farbovani, in the middle of the tezh. It is impossible to take the farba in the channel - the ceramics are porous. When heated, the farba becomes stinging and the sting sticks tightly.

Soldering iron regulator

The butt with a low-voltage soldering iron with a resistor was induced for good reason. Resistor PE (PEV) from mothlohu or from the zaliznoy bazaar most often shows an inconsistent nominal value for the preparation voltage. In this case, it is necessary to have a soldering iron pressure regulator. In our days, it’s easier to tell people who think about electronics is the clearest statement. The ideal option is to buy from the Chinese (well, Ali Express, otherwise) a ready-made universal voltage regulator and stream TC43200, div. rice. right-handed; cost of wine is inexpensive. Permissible input voltage 5-36 V; output - 3-27 V with a stream of up to 5 A. The voltage and stream are set to normal. Therefore, you can not only set the voltage, but also regulate the tension of the soldering iron. Yes, for example, a 12 V 60 W tool, and 25 W are required at a time. We install a strum at 2.1 A, on a soldering iron at 25.2 W and a little more.

Note: For vikoristannya with a soldering iron, the standard TC43200 rotary regulators are more likely to be replaced with a variable potentiometer with graduated scales.

Impulse

Someone who knows the difference with impulse soldering irons: stinks are more suitable for microcircuits and other. dribnoi electronics (crim smd, ale div. i dalі). In the cleaning mode, the tip of the pulsed soldering iron is either colder, or the troch is warmed up. Solder by pressing the start button. The sting at the same time is quick, for parts-singles, warm up to working temperature. It’s easier to control the soldering: the rosette of solder, seeing the flux from the drops, releasing the button, the sting itself cooled down. It’s only necessary to grab yoga, so that it doesn’t solder there. Nebezpeka to burn the component, lingering dosvіd, minimal.

Types of schemes

Impulse soldering tip soldering iron dekilkom methods in the fallage of the robotic family and could up to the ergonomics of the working space. For amateur minds, but for a different IP-single person, a pulsed soldering iron is more convenient and accessible to work on one of the following. schemes:

With a streak-guiding sting under the strum of the industrial frequency;
With an insulating sting and forcing yoga rose;
With a streak leading sting under a high frequency strum.

Electrical principles of the scheme pulse soldering irons of designated types are shown in fig: pos. 1 - with a streak-guided sting of industrial frequency; pos. 2 - from the forcing of an insulated sting; pos. 3 and 4 - with high frequency stinger. Let us analyze their peculiarities, advantages, shortcomings and ways of realization in domestic minds.

50/60 Hz

Scheme of a pulsed soldering iron with a tip under a stream of industrial frequency in the simplest, but also the same єїї goodness, and smut. The potential on such a soldering iron does not exceed the frequency of volts, which is safe for the lowest microcircuits. Until the induction soldering irons of the METCAL system (div. distance) appeared, a significant part of the assemblers at the electronics assemblers used to be the pulsers of the industrial frequency. Nedoliki - cumbersome, significant vaga і, as a result, rotten ergonomics: on the change for more than 4 years. the practitioners were drawn in and began to have mercy. Ale in the amateur's use of impulse soldering irons with industrial frequency dosі rich: Bison, Sigma (Sigma), Svіtlozar ta іn.

Attachment of a pulsed soldering iron at 50/60 Hz is shown in pos. 1 and 2 fig. Perhaps, for the sake of saving on the vitrates of the production of the vibrators, it is most common to install transformers on cores (magnetic circuits) of type P (pos. 2), but it is far from the optimal option: a soldering iron soldering like EPTSN-25 requires 60-65 watts of transformer power. Due to the great field of expansion, the transformer at the P-heart station in the short-circuit mode is very hot, and the hour of heating could reach 2-4 s.

Likewise, replace the P-core with a 40 W cable with a secondary winding from the mid-rail (pos. 3 and 4), the soldering iron can be seen to work well with an intensity of 7-8 rations per quill without unacceptable overheating. Prior to operation, in the regimes of periodic short-circuit short circuits, the number of turns in the primary winding is increased by 10-15% against the rozrakhankovy. You can see that the sting (middle drіt with a diameter of 1.2-2 mm) can be fastened without a middle to the visnovkіv of the secondary winding (pos. 5). Oskіlki її napruga chastki volt, tse zbіlshuє ekonomіchnіchnіchnі soldering iron and wait an hour of yogo work before overheating.

Z forsovanim pіdіgrivom

The scheme of the soldering iron does not require any special explanation. In the charging mode, the heating works on the quarter of the rated intensity, and when pressed to start up, the energy accumulated in the capacitor bank is lost. Turning on / connecting to the battery capacity, you can do it roughly, but in the allowable ranges, add a little heat, which is seen as a sting. Gіdnіst - povna vіdsutnіst induced potential on shkodі, yakshko yogo is grounded. Nedolik - on the most popular capacitors for sale, the circuit is implemented only with resistor mini-soldering irons, div. far. It is installed mainly for occasional work on non-component hybrid folding boards, smd + excellent manual installation at a hardened tone.

At high frequency

Impulse soldering irons at a high or high frequency (tens or hundreds of kHz) are more economical: thermal stress at a low speed is more expensive than a passport electric inverter (div. below). Also, the smells are compact and light, and their inverters are attached for the life of resistor mini-soldering irons of constant heating from an insulated tip, div. far. Heating the tip up to operating temperature - for a few seconds with. As a pressure regulator without additional assistance, it is possible to use a thyristor voltage regulator of 220 V. Can be powered by a constant voltage of 220 V.

Note: for straining over bl. 50 W HF impulse soldering iron not varto. Hocha eg. IPB computers can work up to 350 W and more, but the sting for such power is practically impossible - otherwise it will not warm up to operating temperature, but it will melt.

A serious shortfall - at operating frequencies, an influx of wet inductance of the sting and the secondary winding is indicated. Through the price per hour for more than 1 ms, it can be the cause of induction potential over 50 V, which is unsafe for CMOS components (CMOS, CMOS). Also, the essence of the shortfall is that the operator is affected by the flux of the intensity of the electromagnetic field (EMF). You can use a pulsed HF soldering iron with an intensity of 25-50 W for no more than a year per day, and up to 25 W - no more than 4 years, and no more than 1.5 years for sleep.

The simplest way of circuit implementation of the inverter of a pulsed RF soldering iron for 25-30 W for high-quality welding robots is based on a 12-volt halogen lamp lace adapter, div. 3 fig. from schemes. The transformer can be wound on a core with 2 folds of K24x12x6 at once, with a ferrite with a magnetic penetration of not less than 2000 μ, or on a W-like magnetic circuit with the same ferrite with a peretin of at least 0.7 sq. see Winding 1 - 250-260 turns of enameled wire with a diameter of 0.35-0.5 mm, windings 2 and 3 - 5-6 turns of the same wire. Winding 4 - 2 turns in parallel to a wire with a diameter of 2 mm (on the ring) or a braiding of a TV coaxial cable(pos. 3a), also parallel.

Note: if the soldering iron is bigger and lower by 15 W, then the MJE13003 transistors should be replaced with MJE130nn, de nn>03, and put with a radiator with an area of 20 square meters. div.

Inverter option for a soldering iron up to 16 W can be switched on the basis of a pulse starting attachment (IPZ) for LDS or filling an economy bulb that burned out, acc. tightness (do not beat the flask, there is a bet of mercury!) additional illustration pos. 4 in fig. from schemes. Those that are seen green can be different in the IPU of different models, but we are all the same. We need to remove the starting elements of the lamp (see the chervonim on pos. 4a) and short circuit points A-A. Take away the scheme of pos. 4b. In parallel with the phase-shifting inductor L5, a transformer is connected to one of the same rings, like before. vpadku or on Sh-like ferit vіd 0.5 sq. div (pos. 4c). Primary winding - 120 turns of wire with a diameter of 0.4-0.7; secondary - 2 turns of the dart D> 2 mm. Sting (pos. 4d) for the same dart. Ready attachment compact (pos. 4e) and can be placed in a handy case.

Mini and micro on resistors

A soldering iron with a heating element based on a MLT metal-film resistor is structurally similar to a soldering iron with a wood-burning resistor, but it can be used for an intensity of up to 10-12 watts. The resistor works out of overvoltage by 6-12 times, to that, first, the heat transfer through a visible towste (ale absolutely thinner) squeezed more. In another way, MLT resistors are physically much less than PE and PEV. Vіdnoshnja їkhnої surfіnі to obsyagu acc. increase and heat transfer in in the middle grow up. Therefore, soldering irons on MLT resistors only sway at low and low voltages: when you try to increase the tension, a small resistor burns. If you want MLTs for special installations, they can be used for power up to 10 W, with your own forces you can actually work only a soldering iron on MLT-2 for other discrete components (rozsipu) and small microcircuits, divs. video below:

Video: micro-soldering iron on resistors

Note: lance of MLT resistors can also be used as heating of an autonomous battery soldering iron for powerful spike robots, divs. video clip:

Video: cordless mini-soldering iron

It is better to use a small soldering iron from the MLT-0.5 resistor for smd. The ceramic tube - the MLT-0.5 case - is thin and may not transfer heat to the tip, but do not miss the thermal impulse at the moment of the firing of the test site, which often causes the smd components to burn. Having picked up the sting (what you need to get a significant proof), you can quickly solder smd with such a soldering iron, continuously controlling the process in a microscope.

The process of preparing such a soldering iron is shown in Fig. Exhaustion - 6 W. Heating either without interruption from the inverter in the descriptions above, or (shorter) with forcing a constant stream of power from the IP to 12 St.

Note: how to improve the variant of such a soldering iron with a wide range of soldering, it is described in detail here oldoctober.com/en/soldering_iron/

induction

The induction soldering iron for today is the pinnacle of technical reach at the gallery soldering metals with eutectic solders. In fact, a soldering iron with induction heating is a miniature induction pich: the HF EMP of the coil-inductor is covered with a metal sting, like when it is heated by Foucault's vortex streams. It is not so easy to make an induction soldering iron with your own hands, as it is in the order of a high-frequency jet, for example. computer impulse block eating, div. plot

Video: induction soldering iron

However, the most economical indications of induction soldering irons for the most important spike robots are not high, which cannot be said about their shkidlivy impact on health. In fact, the only thing is the sting, which has stuck to the clips in the case, you can see without being afraid to break the heater.

Of greater interest is the induction mini-soldering irons of the METCAL system. The work on the electronics manufacturing allowed to change the gateway through the pardons of the installers 10,000 times (!) shih vіdnosinakh.

Attachment of a soldering iron type METCAL is shown in fig. Rodzinka - at the feronicel coating of the sting. The soldering iron is equipped with a high-frequency frequency of 470 kHz. The tovshchina of the cover is arranged in such a way that at this frequency, after the superficial effect (skin-effect), Foucault's streams were only in the middle of the cover, as if heated strongly, it transfers heat to the djalo. The very sting appears to be screened in the form of EMP and the induction potential does not blame.

If the cover warms up to the Curie point, more than the temperature of the ferromagnetic power of the cover rises, the EMF energy becomes weaker, but the HF is not allowed in the middle, because. save electrical conductivity. Having cooled below the Curie point on its own, or in the wake of the heat flow to the soldering, covering anew, intensively claying the EMP and exacerbating the sting. In this way, the sting trims the temperature, which is the most accurate Curie point, literally up to a degree. The thermal hysteresis of the sting is useless, because signified by the thermal inertia of a thin coating.

Shchob niknuti shkidlivy infusion Soldering irons are used for people with fixed tips, tightly fastened in cartridges of coaxial design, and they are connected to the HF coil. The cartridge is inserted into the handle of the soldering iron - trimach with a coaxial rose. Cartridges are available in types 500, 600 and 700, which show Curie points in degrees Fahrenheit (260, 315 and 370 degrees Celsius). Main working cartridge - 600; The 500th solder especially small smd, and the 700th is great smd and rozsip.

Note: To convert degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius, you need to choose Fahrenheit 32, multiply the excess by 5 and add by 9. As a matter of fact, add 32 to Celsius, multiply the result by 9 and divide by 5.

Everything is wonderful in METCAL soldering irons, creamy price of a cartridge: for "(name of the company) new, good" - $40. "Alternatives" in the second time are cheaper, but they are twice as smart. The sting of METCAL is impossible to do it yourself: the coating can be applied to the files near the vacuum; galvanized at a temperature of Curie mittevo is spherical. A thin-walled tube planted on mid-wall does not provide absolute thermal contact, without which METCAL turns into just a filthy soldering iron. Prote zrobiti yourself may be the latest analogue of the METCAL soldering iron, moreover, with a change of sting, although it is important, but it is possible.

induction for smd

The attachment of a self-propelled induction soldering iron for microcircuits and smd, for working capacities similar to METCAL, is shown right-handed in fig. If similar soldering irons were zastosovulysya on spetsirobnitstvі, but METCAL їх їх vіtіstuї vytіsnіst zvdyaky zaschiї manufacturability and more profitability. You can build such a soldering iron for yourself.

Yogo secret - at the spіvvіdnostnі shoulders of the ovnіshny part of the sting and protrude from the bobbin in the middle of the shank. It's just the same, as shown in fig. (Approximately), and the shank is covered with thermal insulation, then the thermal focus of the tip is not visible between the windings. The shank will be, obviously, hot for the tip of the sting, but their temperatures will change synchronously (theoretically, the thermohysteresis is zero). If you adjust the automation for the help of an additional thermocouple, which controls the temperature of the tip of the sting, then you can solder calmly.

The role of the Curie point is played by the timer. The signal from the temperature controller on the vents resets, for example, the activation of the key, which shunts the accumulative capacity. The timer is started by a signal that indicates the actual inverter operation: the voltage from the auxiliary winding of the transformer for 1-2 turns is rectified and the timer is unlocked. Just don’t solder for a long time with a soldering iron, the timer after 7 s turns off the inverter, until the tip is cooled down and the thermostat is not visible new signal on pidgriv. The bottom line here is that the thermohysteresis stinged proportionally to the hours of the turned-on and turned on heating sting O / I, and the average tension on the turning sting I / O. Up to a degree, such a system does not trim the temperature of the tip, but +/-25 Celsius with a working tip of 330 safe.

At the end

What is a Robiti soldering iron? The strained wire of the fire resistor is unambiguously koshtuє: it’s on the new nothing, it doesn’t matter, but it can be grounded.

Varto is also easy, sob buv on the state, a simple soldering iron for smd іz MLT resistor. Silicon electronics was seen, out of nowhere. Quantum already on the way, and in the distance graphene loomed brightly. Directly with us, this one does not happen, like a computer through a screen, a bear and a keyboard, or a smart phone / tablet through a sensory screen. To that silicon frame in the outbuildings of the future will be lost, but only smd, and the current rosep will be available for radio lamps. And don't think it's science fiction: it's only 30-40 years ago that a science fiction writer could live without realizing a smartphone. I want the first signs of mobile phones to be the same. And praska chi pilosos "with mіzkami" to today's mriyniks and in a filthy dream would not sleep on a thought.

(1 marks, average: 5,00 іz 5)

In rich areas of activity, there is a need to ensure that there are no differences in the details, which may be the same, or a chemical warehouse, which should be taken care of. Before this type of work, soldering is possible, as it is based on two or more parts bonded together with additional solder. Vіdminnіst y chemical warehouse and physical dominance, like the parts themselves, and zastosovuvannyh solder, depending on the different temperatures of heating the area of \u200b\u200bthe day. Call the soldering subdivided into low-temperature and high-temperature. In the first type, it is necessary to ensure that the solder is heated up to a temperature of 450 ° C, in the other type, the temperature is to blame, but significantly higher than the value of the sign. For the implementation of the technological process, modern forerunners should large number types of soldering irons. Truth is, such an electrical attachment, like a soldering iron, can be made independently in home minds. The most important research in the field of yoga research, which is planned to be soldered: microcircuits in radio-electronic equipment such as samovars.

Necessary physical characteristics for a self-made soldering iron

A wide selection of soldering irons, as presented today on the market, will make it easier to choose for the execution of specific tasks. However, there are many who are trying to mother soldering iron. For what next, look at the physical characteristics of a self-propelled soldering iron.

Qi indicators are subdivided according to the following values:

voltage, which is applied to the heating element (for electric soldering irons);
tightness of the heating element;
presence of the tension regulator;
expanding that form of sting;
solder heating method;
handle configuration;
vartosti.

For the first parameter, the electric soldering iron is supplied with either a standard changeable voltage of 220V, or a constant 12V, 24V. The voltage rating indicates the tightness of such soldering irons. Won is a discrete value with an interval of 20 W. Tobto 40 W, 60 W, 80 W and so on. More finished attachments can be made with a special soldering iron pressure regulator.

Rosemary This form of soldering iron tip can achieve a wide range of design solutions. Often, for robots with folding radio-electronic attachments, special nozzles are installed (for example, for the production of microcircuits, fallow in design).

In modern soldering irons, the following methods of heating the solder are used:

For help electric struma, which is fed to the heating element. In this way, it is stagnant: nichrome drіt, ceramic haircut, induction coil, pulsed turner.
Gas appliances Can you name a mini zvaryuvalny apparatus. Such extensions lie down to professional possession.
Infrared stations. Heating with solder is needed for help infrared vipromination. We create a heating zone from 10 mm to 60 mm. Rozmіri that form of the zone of rozіgіvu can change in the fallow land in the building of a window of infrared cultivation.

The biggest zastosovuvannymi vvazhayutsya devices that implement heating sting for an additional electric jet. A small number of elements and simplicity of construction allow you to make sure that you can make a soldering iron with your own hands.

The procedure for self-selection of a soldering iron

The need for a self-contained soldering iron can be dictated by two considerations: the characteristics of the essential features do not satisfy specific needs, and reduce the need for a soldering iron. To understand, like a soldering iron with your own hands, you need to look at yoga attachments.

The standard electric soldering iron includes: a heating element for the soldering iron, a tip, a body, a apron, a handle, a wire, and what to input. All listed elements can be made by hand, or you can choose ready-made elements from other, for example, incorrect accessories.

In this hour, there is a large number of self-contained structures similar outbuildings. The most popular can be entered as follows:

changing the basic design or adding the necessary details (for example, changing the diameter of the sting);
adding a pressure regulator to the heating of the soldering iron;
self-made micro-soldering iron;
resistor device.

Changes in the design of the soldering iron transfer the change in the shape of the sting, and thereby reduce the tightness and hour of contact with the part.

There are fluctuations, if low-power soldering irons (for example, 25 W or 40 W) are not built-up and required. In this moment, at the ready, the sting is twisted into a nichrome drіt in a spiral, filling one sting with a sting, like a new sting. In this manner, it is suggested to reduce the diameter of the sting, which reduces the area of contact with the part.

Zastosuvannya self-contained pressure regulator in the complex is allowed to improve the characteristics of heating. In the radio amateur literature, you can choose the scheme of the tension regulator, depending on your own abilities, access to the necessary radio components, and the choice of radio technical devices.

Sound like a control element, a thyristor or a triac. To stabilize the output parameter, stop the microcontroller. Vibir form the body is left behind the forager. More often vicorist ready-made cases: sockets, a case for a podovzhuvach, a case for a living block mobile phone and so far. Therefore, it is easy to make such a tension regulator for a soldering iron on your own.

Hammer soldering iron

For soldering great parts, you can make a self-made hammer soldering iron. Such a specific name of the wines, having removed the zavdyaks of the tip, which is the shape of a guessing hammer. The intensity of such a soldering iron can reach 200 watts.

Cooking yoga is not difficult. Think over the system of the superficial fastening of the tip. Ring out the wine. The main problem in preparing the tip is the folding.

The simplest miniature soldering iron

For soldering small parts, you can use a micro-soldering iron with your own hands. For the preparation of vicory, details are included in the attachment for viperation. Weide is the simplest miniature soldering iron.

It is necessary to change the sting in this direction and give it a configuration. The most common is the sizable copper wire with a diameter of 0.16 mm.

Soldering iron with resistor as heating element

The design can be implemented using a vicorist pull-out resistor. With the help of yoga, you can make a soldering iron with your own hands. For the selection of such an attachment, the following details are needed:

Resistor of the PEV series, with a voltage rating of up to 10 W, with a nominal value of 15 to 27 Ohm. Slid vrahovuvaty, scho to connect the veins at the tether 12V or 24V.
Medium haircut. Vіn vikonuvateme the role of the soldering iron tip. Slid vrakhovuvat, scho ovnіshnіy diameter of the shear can match the internal diameter of the opening of the resistor. The sheared is guilty of strong fixation at the opening. You can change the opening, in which the bolt is to be turned to fix the shear.
Like a heating element, the coil is ready, like in a resistor. The money is insured for a specific support and to ensure the necessary intensification of the rose.
Cord of life with a video camera.
Handle for mounting the resistor. It is to blame buti vikonana z dielectric material and mother of high thermal insulation power. Of course, for handy robotic hands, it is necessary to give an ergonomically primed shape.

As such, such a device is planned to be solved by the decision of a wide stake of the day, to the extent of connecting it to the tension regulator.

Soldering iron from a wire resistor

Krim resistors of the PEV brand, you can choose a soldering iron from a wood resistor. zastosovuvatisya resistors of the MLT type. When choosing a resistor, it is possible to increase the possible tightness of a self-made soldering iron. For example, vikoristovuyuchi standard power supply 12V and strum about 2.5A to go soldering iron at a power of 30 watts. By changing the pressure, you can change the tightness to the necessary tightness. For example, with the same parameters of the lancet, but with a voltage of 5V, the intensity becomes 12.5 watts. This rozrahunok shows that a low-voltage soldering iron comes out at the exit, picking it up with your own hands. In this rank, you can choose a miniature soldering iron from a wire resistor.

It is easy to install such a soldering iron at home minds. If everything is broken correctly, a soldering iron from a resistor, with your own hands, serve for a long time. Tsya technique sounds zastosovuєtsya for the selection of a miniature soldering iron with a dart resistor.

Interest is the self-contained design of the so-called pulsed soldering iron. Before the implementation, you should proceed with that step, which means that you have read electric circuits, dosvіd work s їх installation and installation. The advantage of such a soldering iron is the high speed of heating (it takes 5 seconds). For the implementation of this design, it is possible to vikoristovuvat іpulsny block of life, which zastosovuєtsya at daylight lamps.

I would like to especially respect the next galuzi zastosuvannya. Some radio components are planned to be soldered. If there will be microcircuits or field transistors, it is necessary to transfer the possibility of grounding the sting. Tse allow to increase the electrostatic charge and produce before the breakdown of the conductor transitions.

Such a tool, like a soldering iron, is indispensable for radioamators, and far from electronic technology and components, people do not care about this first need. Situations sometimes trap, if you can only fix it with the help of another tool, but if you can’t do it, then why work? If the problem is of a one-time nature, then there is no need to go to the nearest store and buy an expensive product. You can report a little zusil and for the help of simple components, choose a self-made soldering iron. I have a lot of options for folding which I will build - let's look at some of them.

Resistor device

Tse more simple, ale, supra-lingually superior attachment. In domestic minds, yoga can be victorious in different ways. Due to its design and tightness, it is possible to solder microelectronics right up to laptops. The great prilad allows you to solder the tank, or be it some other great variant. Let's take a look, like building a soldering iron with your own hands.

Scheme of the cicava tim, how to heat up the resistor, what to go for the pressure. Tse mozhe buti PE or PEV. Zamoktuєtsya nagrіvach vіd pobutovoї merezhі. Tsі support, scho extinguish, give mozhlivіst vіrishuvati raznі for the scale of the task.

We are holding rosrahunki

First of all, go to the selection, next to the viscount deyaki count. So, for the preparation of attachments with resistors, solve Ohm's law from the high school course of physics and the formula of tension.

For example, you have a special part of the PEVZ type with a nominal value of 100 Ohm. We chose on the basis of the її basis to create a tool for victoria in electric wires. For help, form and easily override the parameters. So, with a spray of 2.2 A, a self-contained soldering iron can withstand 484 W of tension. It's too rich. For that, for help, to extinguish the opir elements, it is necessary to reduce the strum at the chotiri razi. After that, the indicator will change to 0.55 A. The voltage on our resistor will be between 55 V, and in home measure- 220 V. The nominal value of extinguishing the support is due to 300 Ohm. As this element pіdіyde capacitor pіd naprugu up to 300 V. Yogo єmnіst guilty buti 10 microfarads.

Soldering iron 220V: selection

Possibly, glue and reduce the heat output, prote vin dampen the shearing system and the heating coil. Tse allow to protect the ceramic base of the resistor from possible cracks.

Another ball of glue should be protected from the backlash of this important node. Lived wires will be called out through the opening at the pipe-rods. Tsya scheme will help you understand how to build a soldering iron, it is efficient, inexpensive, and also safe.

If there were no problems, it would be better to build insulation there, where they lived, they will be connected before heating. For this pidide, an asbestos thread, as well as a ceramic bushing on the case. Dodatkovo can zastosuvat elastic huma there, where the electric cord can be seen in the handle.

The axis is so easy to make a soldering iron with your own hands. The tightness of yoga can change. For which it is necessary to simply replace the capacitor at the lance.

Mini soldering iron

Tse sche one simple circuit. Such a tool can be used with various miniature attachments and details. With it, you can easily dismantle and solder small radio components and microcontrollers. Materials for the creation of this virobu maє leather majstr. You know how to build a soldering iron, and then you can easily pick it up from handy materials. Bezpechuvannya bezpechuvatimetsya in the form of a single-button transformer - pіdіyde be-yak like a personnel rack of an old TV set. As a sting of vikoristovuetsya shmatok 1.5-mm dart from midi. The 30 mm vent is easily inserted into the heating element.

We prepare the base tube

Tse will not just be a tube, but the basis of a heating element. Її can be burnt out of copper foil. Potim vkrivaєtsya with a thin ball of a special electrical insulating warehouse. The warehouse is even simpler and easy to prepare. Suffice it to mix talc and silicate glue, cover the tube and hang it over the gas.

Robimo heating

So that our soldering iron, crushed with your own hands, can instantly improve its functions, for it it is necessary to wind the heater. Robiti tse will be zі shmatka nіchrome drotu. To complete the design, we take 350 mm of the material of the headstock 0.2 mm and wind it on the prepared tube. If you are winding the drill, lay the coils evenly one to one. Don't forget to leave out the straight lines. After winding, smear the spiral with talcum powder and glue and let it dry until completely sealed.

Completing the project

The third stage is additional insulation and installation of heating at the plaques of the body.

The robot needs to be handled more carefully. Kіntsi, yakі come from our heater, varto also work with insulating material. In addition, to make a sum of all the empty ones, as they could be blamed for the lack of accuracy.

Technological process of preparation of this tool transfers heat-resistant heating with heat-resistant insulating material and pulls the cord through the opening at the handle of the soldering iron. Fasten the end of the life wire to the heat outputs, then resolutely insulate.

We have lost the way to pack the heating element at the case made of wool, and then we will evenly put it on the plate.

Now you can speed up the cym virob. If you did everything correctly, you will see a miracle soldering iron, pick it up with your own hands. With the help of yoga, you can solder a lot of circuit diagrams.

Miniature design of a wire resistor

This tool is a pidide for drіbnoї robotics. Behind him, you can also solder various microcircuits, SMD parts. The scheme of the fold is simple, there will be no daily folding.

We need a resistor type MLT type 8 to 12 ohms. The intensity of the rose can be up to 0.75 W. Also, take a double case with an automatic handle, a copper wire with a 1 mm peretina, a 0.75 mm steel wire rod, a textolite wire, and a thermo-resistant insulation.

First, choose a soldering iron with your own hands, clean the farba from the resistor case.

It's easy to fight for the help of a knife with acetone. Now you can boldly cut one of the resistor fittings. There, de bulo vikonano zrіz, vysverdlіt otvіr, and then work it with a chisel. There is a sting to be mounted.

On the cob itself, the diameter of the opening can be 1 mm. After the yogo is cut with a drill, the sting is not guilty to stick with the cup. It can be changed at the body of the resistor. From the outer side of the cup, prepare a special groove. There will be a strumovіdvіd on it, which is also an utrimuvatime heating.

Now I have to pay. It is made up of three small parts.

From the wide side, add steel to it, in the middle part there will be a body like a handle. On the narrow part, another resistor is installed, which is gone.

First, start with this tool, wrap the sting with a thin ball of insulating material. The axis is so simple and easy to use a low-power mini-soldering iron 40 W.

Naturally, for professionals this year, serious and thermal shocks are being promoted, and more expensive and affordable for workers from service centers for the repair of computers, laptops and mobile outbuildings. It is not easily accessible to the home master through his own art. Spodіvaєmosya, tsya statya podkazhe, how to make a soldering iron with your own hands, it's easy.