In the process of development of civilization, mankind was repeatedly faced with complex problems, sometimes of a planetary nature. But still, there was a long history, a kind of “incubation period” of current global problems.

The stench appeared in full force in the other half and especially in the last quarter of the twentieth century. Such problems arose throughout life due to a complex of reasons that clearly emerged during this period.

In truth, never before has humanity itself grown by as much as 2.5 times in just one generation, thereby increasing the strength of the “demographic pressure.” Never before has humanity entered into, reached the post-industrial stage of development, or opened the road to space. Until recently, such a large number of natural resources and their central “outputs” were not required for a secure life. All this, starting from the 60s - 70s. XX century brought the respect of elders, politicians, and the wider community to global problems.

Global problems are problems such as: first of all, confronting all humanity, interfering interests and shares of all countries, peoples, social beliefs; in other words, lead to significant economic and social costs; In some cases, their alienation may threaten the very foundation of human civilization;
thirdly, there may be more vyrishenі due to spіvpratі from the planetary planet.

Priority problems of humanityє:

• The problem in the world is disarray;
• environmentally friendly;
• demographic;
• energetic;
• sirovinna;
• food;
• sourcing resources from the Light Ocean;
• peaceful exploration of space;
• hem of the region.

The essence of global problems and their possible paths

The problem with the world is disarray- the problem of avoiding the third world war is being replaced by the most important, priority problem of humanity. In the other half of the XX century. The nuclear disaster has arrived and a real threat has emerged of the collapse of entire powers and even continents. practically every day-to-day life.

Ways vyrishennya:

• establishing strict control over nuclear and chemical weapons;
• Shorter opening and trading will be cancelled;
• The final shortening of military expenditures and the number of armored forces.

Ecological- degradation of the global ecological system, resulting from irrational and obstructed human activities.

Ways vyrishennya:

• Optimization of the recovery of natural resources in the process of large-scale production;
• protection of nature from the negative legacy of human activity;
• Ecological safety of the population;
• Creation of territories that are especially protected.

Demographic- The continuation of the demographic boom, the increase in the number of the Earth's population and as a legacy of the overpopulation of the planet.

Ways vyrishennya:

• Conducted in a thoughtful manner.

Palivno-Sirovinna- the problem of reliable provision of humanity with fuel and energy, following the rapid growth of natural mineral resources.

Ways vyrishennya:

• Increasingly widespread stagnation of energy and heat (drowsy, wind, tidal water). Rozvitok;

Prodovolcha- according to data from the FAO (food and agricultural organizations) and WHO (World Health Organization), the world is hungry and undernourished from 0.8 to 1.2 billion people.

Ways vyrishennya:

• The extensive route lies near extensive agricultural lands, grazing and fishing grounds.
• The intensive route means an increase in the production of products through the use of mechanization, automation of production, the development of new technologies, and the development of high-yielding, disease-resistant varieties of plants and animals.

Vikoristannaya resources of the Light Ocean- at all stages of human civilization it is one of the most important tasks in supporting the life of the Earth. At this time, the ocean is not just a single natural expanse, but a natural-state system.

Ways vyrishennya:

• Creation of the light structure of the maritime kingdom (vision of naftovydobutku zones, fishing zones), improvement of the infrastructure of port and industrial complexes.
• Protection of the waters of the Light Ocean from obstruction.
• The defense of military forces has been tested and the disposal of nuclear waste.

Mirna's exploration of space. Space is the global center, the underworld of humanity. The testing of various species could endanger the entire planet. “Smitty” is the “smeering” of the cosmic expanse.

Ways vyrishennya:

• "Non-militarization" of outer space.
• International scientific activity in the explored space.

Podolannya from the old countries that are developing- Most of the world's population lives among the wicked and the poor, who suffer from extreme forms of backwardness. The per capita income of the population of these countries will be less than 1 dollar. for a day.

When talking about the exploration of the Great Cosmos and the development of fields on other planets, not just our Solar system, but beyond, people forget about the fact that there is, in essence, an unknown part of the Earth. And how our body will lead beyond the borders of our native planet, and how problems will arise in the space explorers is still unknown. (website)

If you want, you can guess - yak. The Russian cosmonauts immediately complained that in orbit the olive tree was rich in memory, and they also noted that staying there was starting to cause malfunctions in their work. And it’s still in Earth’s orbit, and what are we talking about about flooding on other planets?

Problems of human space exploration

Currently, NASA is conducting a long-term experiment in which astronauts - twin brothers - will share the same fate. The first one was sent to the ISS for a long time, and the other one is currently calmly alive on Earth. It is important to note that NASA scientists, despite Scott’s return from the international space station, are in no hurry to announce that residual results may not be seen until 2017.

However, the descendants of rich countries have long been aware of this problem, as it largely depends on the development of astronautics on Earth. And science cannot yet date evidence for such a diet, as for a long time people can be far from the Earth, without even talking about rich others.

First of all, it is impossible for people to sleep for long without sleep, and so far this problem has not been solved in space explorers. Otherwise, current technologies cannot protect the astronaut from the influx of radiation and other cosmic vibrations that literally permeate everything. Astronauts on the ISS, for example, are likely to “spark the fire in their hearts” with their crushed eyes when the changes affect their optic nerves. Even such vibrations permeate the entire human body, in space, they can conduct the immune system and transmit DNA. In this case, any defense of the astronaut automatically becomes a source of secondary prominence.

Flow into space for the health of people

Researchers at the University of Colorado recently stripped the mice after spending two years in orbit (on board the Atlantis shuttle). We're two years old! And in this short hour, unacceptable changes began to occur in the rodents’ bodies, and they returned to Earth with signs of liver damage. To what extent, respects Professor Karen Jonscher, the descendants of the cosmos did not admit that it is so destructive for the internal organs of everything that lives on Earth, including for humans. Astronauts often end up in orbit with symptoms similar to diabetes. Of course, on Earth they will be immediately sanctioned, since they will be human after having been in space for so long and are still far from the home planet? Will the problem of spilling space onto people be completely transferred?

Before speaking, they can constantly crow and feed in such a way - they begin to multiply in space, if people already have plans for long-term, or even pre-natal, migrations to other planets. It appears, in the minds of the inconvenience, the eggs, for example, are divided completely differently, so not into two, all that, and so on, but into two, three, five... For a person, it is equally important to conceive or interrupt information at early stages.

True, for a few days the Chinese made a “sensational statement” that they had achieved the development of the embryo of the human race in the minds of microgravity. And although the article by the journalist Cheng Yingqi sounds ambitious - “A giant blow in science - embryos grow in space,” many of our predecessors were skeptical about this information.

Unusual pouches that people are fussing over the exploration of the Great Space by humans

However, if you fill your bags, not paying attention to the results of NASA’s experiment with twin astronauts, you can develop an unexpected conclusion: humanity is not yet ready to fly into deep space, and it is still unknown when that will happen. Some investigators insist that they are not ready to tell us before the flights for the month (it is possible to make a discovery that the Americans have never flown there), without even talking about Mars and other grandiose space explorations and think about it.

Ufologists, in their own way, point to the no less authoritative Duma of other scholars about those who understand the cosmic expanse, as they are going to work with us at once - a deaf way. On this solid surface, the price of the All-World has become quite different, for example, vikoryst and wormholes - time-spacey holes that allow you to move militarily to some point of the Divine world of light. It is possible that there are more detailed methods that are not available to our understanding. Earth's space rockets still lay claim to mastering near-Earth orbits, despite all the indications that the speed of movement begins at a snail's pace (beyond the shadows of the Great Space) and ultimately they are completely unprotected and astronauts in these primitive devices.

Space exploration and global problems

Humanity has only recently entered the third millennium. What will it be commemorated with? We are aware of many problems that need to be solved. According to forecasts, even up to 2050 rubles. The number of people on Earth will increase almost twice as much and reach 10–11 billion people. Moreover, 94% of the increase comes from the regions that are developing, and only 6% comes from industrial growth. In addition, as we deal with the processes of old times, the triviality of life inexorably increases. All this will lead to a sharp increase in the population, and in connection with this - new problems.

First of all, we need to make everyone happy. Over 600 million people suffer from hunger, and close to 50 million are soon dying of hunger. And to ensure normal food supply for the 11 billion population, it is necessary to increase the production of food products by at least tenfold. Well, the problem of finding energy and raw materials for the provision of life for 11 billion people will be an important one, for which it will be necessary to increase the number of bottles of raw milk and raw materials. Chi zdatna Zemlya vitrimati navantazhennya?

What about the problem of childbirth? With the increasing pace of proliferation, we are not depleting the earth's resources, but we are gradually changing the climate of our planet. In fact, factories, power plants, and cars can create a greenhouse effect in the atmosphere of carbon dioxide. to an increase in the average temperature of the Earth*. And this, in its own way, is before the tanning of the ice-makers and the catastrophic advance of the level of the Light Ocean, which, of course, is extremely unpleasant to appear on the minds of people’s lives.

Why don't you start us exploring space? Let's move the creeks there, develop the Moon, Mars, extract energy there... And bring to life the stories of science fiction novels and films. Why not?!

1. Energy from space

At this hour, 9/10 all energy is contained by burning fuel in power plant boilers, in car engines, in home ovens. On the skin of 20 years, a sub-war of accumulated energy is generated. Our food comes entirely from nature: how many natural resources are needed for our rapidly growing needs? According to forecasts, the Vugillas will be provided with humanity for 100–150 years, oil reserves will be depleted by 40–50 years, and gas reserves will be depleted in 30–40 years. Today's atomic energy must also be brought to the source.

Theoretically, the problem of searching for energy was discussed back in the 1930s. last century, when a nuclear reaction occurred (the disintegration of an important nucleus into two levels of visible energy). It was also discovered that the reaction of thermonuclear fusion occurred when the nuclei of two light elements, such as deuterium and tritium, erupted with colossal energy, with more than one nuclei no reaction. The reaction itself of thermonuclear fusion (keroved!) may be the basis of future energy. Unfortunately, for a thermonuclear reaction to take place, the nucleus must be heated to millions of degrees, then the inevitable vibration must be removed, it must be “stretched” in an hour and kneaded to produce energy without mitigation. like a water bomb, and for a long time. So far, the possibility of a nuclear thermonuclear reaction has not been ruled out.

It is acceptable that they believed. Then the future industry will be able to provide itself with energy at any cost. But it’s not so simple - an endless increase in energy generation can lead to overheating of the Earth and its atmosphere. The remaining centuries are wary of a steady increase in energy generation, with a rate of 3% per river. At this rate, it will take more than 50–60 years to reach the limit of the planet’s thermal obstruction*. With the development of thermonuclear energy, the problem will become even worse. In addition, the rate of energy generation is increasing due to the increase in population. Over the course of 11 billion people, the thermal threshold will be increased by 30%, which could lead to an irreversible increase in the planet’s climate.

One of the radical ways of addressing the significance of difficulties lies in the transition from a “two-dimensional” industry (on the surface of the planet) to a “three-dimensional” one (the transfer of a significant part of the energy sector, as well as part of the energy-intensive production from space).

There is a visible space power plant in a stationary orbit of 36,000 km. Such a station appears in the sun without interruption. Kozhen kv. With this, the mass of batteries with an area of ​​48 km 2 of the warehouse is approximately 50,000 tons, and the mass of the power plant is 70,000 tons.

Let us assume that we were able to generate electricity from a great number of people. How can we transmit millions of kilowatt-years to Earth? Є two methods of droneless transmission to distant locations: using laser or high-frequency transmission. The most realistic yet another method: a primary antenna bowl is mounted on the Earth, which receives high-frequency transmission, converts it into a high-voltage alternating stream and transmits it live. This project is based on real developments and experiments. For folding, disarticulation, delivery to working orbits and maintenance of a space power station, it is necessary to create special transport and folding-assembly complexes, as well as heavy-duty noses, designed to launch into orbit masses up to 100 lbs. six tons and hundreds of times cheaper, even less.

According to the estimates of the experts, 90% of the space power plant can be made from monthly and other ground-based materials, so there is no need to deliver materials from the Earth, and the problem for sweet atmosphere. At any time, it is necessary to create effective ground-based systems for video production, processing and transportation of raw materials, production and storage complexes, which are necessary for the creation of great orbital stations.

The idea is to create space power plants not on Earth, but in areas close to the Sun, in the same orbit of the planet Mercury. You will need 100 times less batteries for your sleep batteries. Our proposal is to bring the necessary devices from the surface of the Earth to the stratosphere in order to allow effective energy transfer in the millimeter and submillimeter ranges. When the size of the transmitting and receiving antennas sharply decreases, the performance of the systems for receiving and transmitting energy will decrease. Under the optimal antenna, it is transferred to operate with the help of aerostats (airships) of high capacity, which are covered automatically.

Well, the important scheme of the space power plant is clear. From the looks of technology, it would be possible to print this constructive development as early as today. I am very enthusiastic about the project. With modern technology, the value of the recovered electricity would be 200 times higher than the value of electricity that is recovered from thermal power plants. However, the progress of science and technology can radically change the process. The main contribution to the availability of space electricity is to ensure the availability of solar batteries and their delivery into orbit. Over the past 20 years, the weight and performance of these batteries has decreased significantly and, according to estimates, it can be reduced by another 10 times, and the CCD can be significantly increased by switching to batteries with cadmium sulfide or arsenide Galiya.

In this way, it is possible to develop an optimistic conclusion: the creation of solar space power plants is a completed task, for which there are no insurmountable difficulties.

2. Tsilodobove Sontse

Throughout its history, people have succumbed to the sunshine. However, the need for light is not limited to the framework of the day; it is needed much longer: for illumination of the street in the evening, everyday life, fields during agricultural work (harvesting, sowing). Without even seeming to talk about the Last Night, de Sontse does not appear in heaven for the time being. How to increase the tranquility of a bright day? How much can the piece Sonce really hang? It appears that at the current stage the development of technology is at an all-time high.

Today's space technology reveals the possibility of installing devices in space to project solar light onto Earth. In this case, the intensity of the illuminated light can be changed from the intensity of the month to the intensity of the Sun.

The idea of ​​creating space reflectors was first discovered by the German engineer Hermann Oberth back in 1929. Further growth was taken from the work of the American scientist Eric Craft. We immediately came to the practical implementation of these projects that seemed fantastic. Structurally, such a reflector can be a frame with a polymer metallic lining stretched over it, which represents a completely different effect. The orientation of the light flow occurs automatically, following a given program or following a command from the Earth.

The United States is exploring the possibility of placing satellites with sixteen mirror-disappearance mirrors in stationary orbit over the Americas, which will allow for two more years of daylight. Two windbreakers are being sent to lighten Alaska so that the winter will increase daylight there for the 3rd year. The use of satellite reflectors to extend the daylight hours for many years in great places will ensure highly and shadow-free streets, everyday life, highways and appear economically visible. For example, spending money on illumination from space in five such places as Moscow will be recouped in 4–5 rubles by saving electricity. Moreover, the same system of satellite reflectors can be switched to another group of places without additional costs. And how much cleaner the world will be, since the energy for lighting comes from space, and not from power plants, what a shame!

And again, the only impact on the progress of this project in Russia is the lack of money from the treasury.

3. Start the pose with the Earth

About 300 years ago, E. Torricelli cut off the vacuum. This played a great role in technology. Without applying vacuum, without any understanding of physics, it would be impossible to create engines of internal combustion and electronic technology. And since the vacuum has been withdrawn from the Earth, having embraced the development of industry, it is possible to see how opportunities will open up when vast expanses of space are explored.

It was rude at first, but then the increasingly amiable people began to settle into a new element for themselves - space. Why is it not possible to transform the cosmos to serve people by creating cosmic factories there - in a completely different middle ground, in a vacuum in the minds, in the straining streams of sleepy vibrations, in low temperatures and in bad weather?

It is still important to recognize all the advantages of these factors, otherwise you can confirm that truly fantastic prospects are opening up. Exchange the Sun, concentrated with a parabolic mirror, and weld parts made of stainless steel, titanium alloys and other metals. During the swim, earthly minds began to sink houses, for example, from crucibles. And technology will increasingly require highly pure materials. How can I get rid of them? Metal can be “suspended” in a strong magnetic field. Under the action of high-frequency streams, the metal melts and is absorbed in a magnetic field, since its mass is small. In addition, many chalks are non-magnetic, which require a high melting point.

In space, where there is a feeling of uneasiness, there may be a melt of any size or mass. There is no need for crucibles or molds for casting. Further sanding and polishing will also not be required. And materials can be melted either in conventional furnaces or in conventional electric furnaces. In the minds of the cosmic vacuum, “cold brewing” is possible: pressed one to one, well-prepared, cleaned surfaces of metals create minor semi-defects.

In space it is possible to create not only absolutely thoroughly, without houses, warehouses, but also to create new warehouses that may set the task of optical power. There is no limit to size here. It is possible to produce lenses and mirrors for telescopes so large that on Earth they would simply crack under a car.

It is impossible for earthly minds to eliminate the great defect-free conductor crystals. And the defects result from a decrease in brightness not only in the crystals themselves, but also in the devices and microcircuits made from them. The uneasiness and cosmic vacuum will ensure the possession of crystals with the necessary powers.

All these ideas have lost their first seeds, and the imagination of engineers is already building factories in orbit. U kvitna 1985 r. The satellite Cosmos 1645 was launched. After the 13th flight, a satellite apparatus is descending, delivering to Earth samples of materials captured from space. Since then, such launches have become more intense.

NVO "Salyut" has developed a project for a spacecraft "Technology" with a mass of 20 tons and a space plant with a mass of 100 tons. This apparatus contains ballistic capsules that will deliver the prepared products to Earth. The plant operates in automatic mode and can be operated by astronauts. I know one more thing: insufficient funding.

4. Space settlements

On the cob of the 20th century. K.E. Tsiolkovsky wrote a fantastic story “Pose with the Earth”, which is about space settlements. After a hundred years, humanity has come to the practical implementation of this fantastic project.

Born in 1974 Professor of Princeton University "USA) Gerard O'Neill, well aware of his robots in the field of high-energy physics, published a project for the colonization of space. Behind his plan, giant space settlements are responsible for the growth to be in the point of libration (point, de Earth, Month and Sun to compensate one one ).

About "Nile admits that until 2074 a significant part of humanity lives in space, with unlimited resources of energy and abundance of grub and material goods. The Earth will transform into a magnificent park, rich in industry. It will become a miraculous place , where it will be possible to conduct a release.

Let's take a look at the model of O'Neil's space colony. The first model will be with a radius of 100 m. Such a spore can accommodate about 10 thousand people. The main functions of these colonies are development and creation and a model 10 times larger. Then the area of ​​the colony increases further, and A model with a diameter of 6-7 km and a depth of over 20 km is being constructed.

The project "The Nile is pouring out of baked super rivers. The population size in the settlements they represent is approximately the same as in the current places. Interesting! Especially to note what is already there on the weekend for the place, in the fields and forests Siv, you can’t see. And in cramped parks not everyone wants to believe. Can you compare it with earthly minds?

Why don’t you see what technology allows, and money has been found, but people aren’t ready yet? Chi just don't want to? If there are no space colonies, there will be wider conflicts? Doesn’t the process of colonization itself imply to humanity the wide expansion of violence and global hardships?

However, if you look at Mayday at the position of tomorrow, it comes out. There is no limit to the possibility for people to express how only they can directly contribute to their evolution. The meta of this evolution is the formation of the people of tomorrow, intellectually and morally diversifying from the people of today.

5. Month - the first station on the road to space

A little less than five decades have been strengthening us since the moment when the first man began his flight in space orbit. During this very short period of an hour, automatic stations visited the Moon, Mars and Venus, and humans landed on the Moon.

In the light of these achievements, we can make plans so that soon this month will become a testing ground for promising research, where experiments are carried out and precautions that cannot be organized on Earth.

On the right, not only in the fact that we have taken away another scientific research base, similar to organizations, for example, in Antarctica, but in the fact that during the month we have taken away new minds for caution. This is due to the saturated atmosphere, great temperature changes, and reduced gravity. It appears possible to perform a detailed study of asteroids and satellites of planets. The monthly soil contains all the words necessary for the broad activities of people during the month, first of all sourness and metal. Technologies for the smelting of metals, the production of water, the retention of sourness and other elements from monthly periods are already being discussed and practiced experimentally. It is important to appreciate that the nutritional development of the resources of the month is dictated by the urgent need to extract copalins, and by the wine between the Earth and a whole series of energy-intensive productions, which have a disastrous effect on the la.

How to ensure the normal living minds of people who have stumbled upon the Month? There is no atmosphere there, the sun is scorching during the day, and the frost at night is -170 °C. One way - to create earthly minds in living places: atmospheric pressure, temperature, earthly wind storage. This environment evokes special spores that create a significant internal pressure and eliminate the spirit that fits into them. The ideal shape would be a cylinder or a cylinder to ensure maximum strength and rigidity. There will be various purposes: premises for life, robots and for the repair of monthly explorers, platforms for landing and releasing lethal vehicles, laboratory premises, where there will be placement of masters and laboratories, installations that and turn off electricity during the hour of the last month of the month.

It has been established that in a matter of months it is possible to remove tarnish, clay and ceramics (almost all products delivered to Earth contain silicates). Monthly breeds are most readily obtained in a closed way from mining quarries using excavators, and they are delivered to processing plants using automatic transport means.

Let's take a look at the living quarters during the month. It is located at a depth of several meters to protect it from meteorite impacts. Dimming daylight lamps will be lit in monthly greenhouses with illumination close to the solar spectrum. Considering that gravity is reduced during the month, the trees grow much larger than those on the Earth. Life-sap from the soil can climb up the stems in greater quantities during the month, and therefore the fruits will be larger.

The main form of energy for the Month will be photoelectric. Thus, the energy supply to all monthly units and installations, as well as the achievement of the necessary heat and light regimes, does not require everyday engineering difficulties throughout the monthly day.

How can we ensure the generation of electricity throughout a month-long night? Obviously, it is possible to create installations that convert the thermal energy of a nuclear reactor into electrical energy. The creation of such installations will continue to be worked on for centuries.

Visnovok

Unhealed material resources lurk at the core of the Sonya system, and the natural decay of humans is to serve you.

More than a century ago, Tsiolkovsky said: “The planet is a wheel of the mind, unless you can live forever in a wheel...” People, having confirmed the belief, “change the surface of the Earth, its oceans, the atmosphere, its vegetation. To control the climate and manage within the boundaries of the Sonya system, as on the Earth itself, it is still inevitable that we will be deprived of human life for a long time.”

The cosmonautics has been earning its first crumbs so far. You need to know, these creatures are even more hostile! This is a child who was judged to be a giant. Natural technology does not develop as quickly as space technology. We already have a lot of work to do and are ready for a lot, but the exploration of space requires even more thought and great material expenditure. These are great pennies, but they can’t be compared with the expenses for the education, for the COI program? ($1000000000000). If only a 50% reduction in military expenditures before the end of the century would save enough money to equip three expeditions to Mars!

And therefore, in our hour, humanity may adopt the idea of ​​​​the unity of the world in which we live. Space will become a symbol of spivpratsi. It is better to create space power plants and factories, to develop the Moon and Mars and thereby bring endless measles to humanity, or to hang platforms with nuclear and laser shields over our planet. Tim, who insists that space exploration can be rewarded, argues: “Of course, space is available forever, but what will we do?”

Literature

Umansky S.P.. Space orbits. - M.: Prosvitnitstvo, 1996.

Encyclopedic dictionary of a young technician. - M.: Pedagogy, 1988.

Ziyatdinov Sh.G. Population and energy supply. - Physics (PS), No. 21/03. - ed.

_____________________

*An alternative view of the connection between carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the Earth’s climate is presented by the statistics of academician. O.G. Sorokhtina"Adiabatic theory of the greenhouse effect" ("Physics (PS)", No. 11/05). - Red.

Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

Federal Agency for Education

State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Mari State Technical University

Department of UPPiL

Essay

Space exploration
as a top global socio-ecological problem

Vikonav: student SRB-31

Kochergin A.Yu.

Perevіriv: associate professor of the department. UPPiL

Goncharov E.A.

Yoshkar-Ola

Entry 4

1. Global problems of reality: reality, role and economic aspects 6

2. See the characteristics of current global problems. 9

Environmental problem 9

Demographic problem 13

The problem of poverty and retirement 14

Food problem 16

3. The problem of space exploration as a top issue of global socio-ecological problems of today. 21

Ecologization strategy 25

Visnovok 28

Enter

At the end of the 20th century, destructive anthropogenic forces sharply intensified, with the main technological pressure on the excessive middle class, which led humanity to a global crisis. Current civilization culminated at this point in the world-historical process, which is called differently by various successors ("moments" - I. Ten, "woozies" - A. Solzhenitsin, "breaks" - A. Toynbee, etc. ), yak means the dynamics and direction of civilizational development in the long term. The balance between the population growth and the possibility of satisfying its material and energy needs, on the one hand, is equally balanced by the capabilities of natural ecosystems – on the other, it becomes antagonistic in nature. This threat threatens irreversible degradation of the biosphere, a radical transformation of the traditional natural minds of the functioning of civilization, which also poses a real threat to vital interests future generations of humanity.

The relevance of this problem lies in the need to understand the current situation that has placed environmental issues at one of the top places in the hierarchy of global problems of today. More and more often, in various forums of recent, civil and political figures, alarming statements are heard about the fact that collective human activity is determined to radically preserve the natural balance of the biosphere and thereby establish civilization I am facing the threat of death. Social problems of environmental and technological issues, which are growing, are increasingly being discussed.

Over the past decade, it is clear that in most environmental issues, the main culprit is increasingly not the failure to adapt to technological features or natural elements, but to unthought-out, unaddressed action There are people who manage their man-made influx of often unlawful harm.

In German science, especially starting from the 70s, such as M. M. Budiko, N. M. Moiseev, E. K. Fedorov, I. T. Frolov, S. S. Schwartz, etc., widely discussed the acute problems of the ecological crisis of modern civilization, analyzed the stages of development of marriage and sociocultural values ​​in the light of natural, technical and social systems. In the search for optimal programs for addressing environmental problems, various aspects of the ecological reorientation of the economy, technology, lighting, and public information were examined.

The globalization of the ruler's activity has led to the fact that the mechanism of the world's rule has become increasingly affected by problems that the world's power first began to talk about from the beginning of the 60s to the beginning of the 70s. These problems were rejected as global, and in the scientific world the term “globalistics” was coined as a specific direction for international economic research.

Most of the evidence agrees that, regardless of the diversity of global problems, they have a hidden specificity that distinguishes them from other problems of the world economy. This specificity of global problems is due to the fact that the stench looms as a low-grade sign:

Be of a secretive nature, so that the interests and shares of all (or, at least, most) people are affected;

Threaten humanity with a serious regression in the minds of life and further development of productive forces (or bring about the destruction of human civilization as such);

Require a terminological and straightforward solution;

Interact with each other;

Use light intensity for your best sleep.

Coming from these signs, the following problems of the secular dominion began to be brought to the global level: poverty and backwardness; world, disintegration, global nuclear war (problems of peace and demilitarization); food; environmentally friendly; demographic

With the development of human civilization, new global problems can arise and are already emerging. Thus, the problem of development and exploitation of the resources of the Light Ocean, as well as the problem of development and exploitation of space, began to be considered global.

The changes that occurred among the 70s, 80s, and especially among the 90s, allow us to talk about a change in priorities in global problems. It’s also between 60 and 70 rubles. The main concern was the problem of ending the world's nuclear war, then at the same time some fahivists raised the environmental problem, others - the demographic problem, and still others - the problem of poverty and backwardness.

The main goal of the work is to consider possible ways of solving the problems of light domination from the cosmological aspect.

The object of the work is global social and environmental problems of humanity.

The subject of the work is the establishment and exploration of the possibilities of solving global problems by the way of mastering the secular dominion.

Our assumption is that the rise of global problems in the way of space exploration is extremely serious, and civilization at this stage is not capable of rationally implementing this project.

1. Global problems of reality: reality, role and economic aspects

Every sphere of activity in its development is constrained by secret or more private problems. Human gospodar's activity - blame. Despite the equal scale, however, the problems are different. The stinks in the economic sphere are emerging in different ways. Some, which are more important than the interests of the middle-aged participants, are determined by the subjects of economical transactions themselves: enterprises, enterprises; Others rely on the same powers; still others transfer interstate affairs.

At the same time, there are such problems in the development of marriage, which occur in all skin and light sensitivities, so that they may have a hidden character. The main principle is the characteristics of problems that are called global.

However, due to the scale, the flexibility, and the level of influx of such problems, it attracts colossal forces and influences that cannot and cannot yet go beyond the borders and bring groups of regions into contact - it is necessary to obtain diverse including material, financial, labor, technological, spiritual , intellectual, information resources. In other words, global problems have serious economic aspects, which imply the impossibility of their solution without the depletion of resources, especially material and financial ones. oh, light splendor.

Collecting the aggregate sums of wealth from all countries, international organizations, international economic development - another important thing is the specificity of the problems of humanity, which are seen as global.

It is necessary to say that the nature of global problems, their role and place at various stages of marriage development are changing. Unsurprisingly, their flow in various investigations, publications, and news from friends is not avoided. A lot of global problems, which correspond to certain signs and understanding of natural factors, have arisen and emerged for a long time: natural disasters, meteor showers, magnetic storms, etc. To a significant extent, the global problems of today are the result of all the advanced activities.

In their profits, including for the change in expenditures, for the ousting of authoritarian political decisions, the natural environment was destroyed, hijacks were exploited and natural wealth was plundered, great sums were wasted in unproductive, for personal purposes. At this very hour, the emergence and intensification of global problems is the result of both hesitant and thoughtless actions, and, in a significant world, the inevitable logical legacy of the development of the rule of law, the accelerated and expansion of the scale of his sovereign activity.

With a gradual strengthening of the negative influx of global problems on all sides of life and activities that are developing at the current stage in the future, it is associated with the accelerated pace of economic growth based on the They are factors and, although not superbly, scientific and technological progress. There is a particularly noticeable tendency to manifest itself in an expanded set and greater scale of unsolved socio-economic problems that are becoming global in nature.

Vinyatkov's foldability and volume of ordering and interconnection of stocks for the solution of global problems will require a careful determination of their warehouse and priorities of action.

In other publications of the remaining rocks, 3 to 20 global problems of modernity are named. Most authors, who share this point of view, identify the following main global problems: – environmental; – disintegration, non-disruption of mass poverty and avoidance of nuclear war; demographic; - natural resources (products, energy, food).

The same problems are related to the global ones: the extraction of resources from the sea and the seabed; space exploration; support for the economical recovery of weakly developed countries and poverty in the world, ensuring human rights, the creation and development of a worldwide computer information system, etc.

However, the role and scale of other global problems will not remain unchanged. At the present time, practically at one time, the environmental problem is the most important one, although recently, not without political reasons, the disintegration and avoidance of nuclear war was considered as such. Due to the scale of the revolution, the influx of inheritances for humanity, the diversity of components that are included, and special economic difficulties, the problem has emerged with new clear characteristics.

The growth of the Earth's population, the intensification of the development of natural resources, the development of natural resources, the impoverishment and destruction of life lead to fundamental changes in the minds of the life of mankind and the camp of the vast expanse of the earth. The environment has become a major global problem, with unprecedented economic aspects. It is true that it is characterized by a persistent trend until it becomes overcooked.

Changes are afoot in the midst of global problems: extra important activities in their warehouses are being spent, the role of others is growing, and new ones are appearing. Thus, the demographic problem has received new challenges related to the significant expansion of international migration of the population, labor resources, etc.

At the same time, it is necessary to speak out about the close connection of global problems among themselves. The rapid growth of the population is matched by the agricultural production in rich countries that are developing, which means the severity of the food problem. Before this, the greatest concern is to connect and disturb the country that has limited food resources, as well as international organizations that are developing and running special assistance programs.

It should be noted that the assessment of the major global problems and those posed to them in the countries and in the world industry is ambiguous, especially from the position of economic aspects, the search for resources for their implementation. The author does not put the focus of the report on the skin of global problems - this is why the topic is great. From the perspective of the main ones, one can see the influx of global problems in the formation of a secular dominion and the role of the remaining ruler.

For the first time, the growth of global problems began to grow in the 70s. XX century in the published materials of the Roman Club. At the same time, nutritional contamination and destruction of the environment, ecology, and their inheritance of humanity were constantly occurring. In this case, the focus was on weakening the negative influx of government activity, population dynamics ahead of the interim, differentiated by region regulation of economic growth.

It has now become obvious that there is an urgent need for coordinating large-scale efforts to enhance light intensity, given the planetary catastrophic nature of the problem both for this and future generations. It will be replenished with new warehouses (unsafety of nuclear wastes and their destruction; settlements, massive influxes on people’s lives and health; unfavorable persistent changes in the earth’s climate through the systematic disruption of the atmospheric environment, etc.), consuming almost all lands They and territories.

Mirna's exploration of space– this is an important problem, even though nanotechnology has already become apparent, since the boundaries of the past “impossibly” are erased, faded away, faded into unclear shadows and the understanding of everything comes clearer.

The Zoryans' sky above is but a small part of the boundless Cosmos. All humanity has always marveled at the heavens and with great desire to know the boundless sky. Why should we wait in front of the cold empty space, which is really not empty, but black matter?

Space is the center of light, the afterlife of humanity. The testing of various species could endanger the entire planet. “Smell that “smell” of the cosmic expanse.

Space is vital for all humanity, and its peaceful development is one of the most important problems today. Humanity has already left the cordon of the earth’s atmosphere and is now exploring the distant cosmic expanse.

Today, two vectors have been formed for the exploration of the cosmic space: cosmic earth science and cosmic vibration. Space production is the development of new materials, alternative energy sources, space technologies for the extraction of new alloys, the extraction of crystals, medical preparations, and the carrying out of assembly and welding robots.

The problem of peaceful space exploration lies in the need to overcome possible threats to space for some countries. Exploit space not through a battlefield, but through space in order to lay the foundation of a new one that may come. The same problem lies in the fact that military goals are often covered up with military developments. And scientific goals are often directly aimed at achieving whatever benefit for oneself.

Ways vyrishennya:

1) avoiding the militarization of outer space;

2) international scientific research in the explored space.

VISNOVKI

Problems and situations that haunt the minds of people's lives and activities pose a threat to today and the future. It is impossible to find solutions to these problems on the one hand, because they require vigorous action.

In the process of development of civilization, complex problems have repeatedly faced mankind. But still, the history of current global problems is far away. The whole stink appeared in the other half of the twentieth century.

All global problems of our planet are closely interconnected. Demographic and food problems are related both to each other and to the protection of the environment. The plan of this family in some countries is to allow the rise of hunger and malnutrition, and the progress of the rural dominion to ease the pressure on the country. Food and resource problems are associated with the conditions of the western regions that are developing. Increased food consumption and a more reasonable increase in resource potential lead to an increase in the level of living.

The world has become more saturated with a variety of problems and tensions, and, more recently, with stressful situations. The dynamism and intensity of human activity, both in nature and in the social environment, create new problems for humanity.

Humanity still has a chance to face global problems, but only because all people and every human being are struggling with them. For what purpose is it necessary to wear down and inertia among the people themselves?